Introduction to ORM with Spring
20. Object Relational Mapping ORM Data Access
20.1 Introduction to ORM with Spring
The Spring Framework supports integration with Hibernate, Java Persistence API JPA and Java Data Objects JDO for resource management, data access object DAO implementations, and transaction strategies. For example, for Hibernate there is first-class support with several convenient IoC features that address many typical Hibernate integration issues. You can configure all of the supported features for OR object relational mapping tools through Dependency Injection. They can participate in Spring’s resource and transaction management, and they comply with Spring’s generic transaction and DAO exception hierarchies. The recommended integration style is to code DAOs against plain Hibernate, JPA, and JDO APIs. The older style of using Spring’s DAO templates is no longer recommended; however, coverage of this style can be found in the Section 39.1, “Classic ORM usage” in the appendices. Spring adds significant enhancements to the ORM layer of your choice when you create data access applications. You can leverage as much of the integration support as you wish, and you should compare this integration effort with the cost and risk of building a similar infrastructure in-house. You can use much of the ORM support as you would a library, regardless of technology, because everything is designed as a set of reusable JavaBeans. ORM in a Spring IoC container facilitates configuration and deployment. Thus most examples in this section show configuration inside a Spring container. Benefits of using the Spring Framework to create your ORM DAOs include: • Easier testing. Spring’s IoC approach makes it easy to swap the implementations and configuration locations of Hibernate SessionFactory instances, JDBC DataSource instances, transaction managers, and mapped object implementations if needed. This in turn makes it much easier to test each piece of persistence-related code in isolation. • Common data access exceptions. Spring can wrap exceptions from your ORM tool, converting them from proprietary potentially checked exceptions to a common runtime DataAccessException hierarchy. This feature allows you to handle most persistence exceptions, which are non-recoverable, only in the appropriate layers, without annoying boilerplate catches, throws, and exception declarations. You can still trap and handle exceptions as necessary. Remember that JDBC exceptions including DB-specific dialects are also converted to the same hierarchy, meaning that you can perform some operations with JDBC within a consistent programming model. • General resource management. Spring application contexts can handle the location and configuration of Hibernate SessionFactory instances, JPA EntityManagerFactory instances, JDBC DataSource instances, and other related resources. This makes these values easy to manage and change. Spring offers efficient, easy, and safe handling of persistence resources. For example, related code that uses Hibernate generally needs to use the same Hibernate Session to ensure efficiency and proper transaction handling. Spring makes it easy to create and bind a Session to the current thread transparently, by exposing a current Session through the Hibernate SessionFactory . Thus Spring solves many chronic problems of typical Hibernate usage, for any local or JTA transaction environment. • Integrated transaction management. You can wrap your ORM code with a declarative, aspect-oriented programming AOP style method interceptor either through the Transactional annotation or by explicitly configuring the transaction AOP advice in an XML configuration file. In both cases, transaction semantics and exception handling rollback, and so on are handled for you. As discussed 4.3.9.RELEASE Spring Framework 447 below, in Resource and transaction management , you can also swap various transaction managers, without affecting your ORM-related code. For example, you can swap between local transactions and JTA, with the same full services such as declarative transactions available in both scenarios. Additionally, JDBC-related code can fully integrate transactionally with the code you use to do ORM. This is useful for data access that is not suitable for ORM, such as batch processing and BLOB streaming, which still need to share common transactions with ORM operations. Tip For more comprehensive ORM support, including support for alternative database technologies such as MongoDB, you might want to check out the Spring Data suite of projects. If you are a JPA user, the Getting Started Accessing Data with JPA guide from https:spring.io provides a great introduction.20.2 General ORM integration considerations
Parts
» Dependency Injection and Inversion of Control Framework Modules
» Usage scenarios Introduction to the Spring Framework
» Java EE 6 and 7 Groovy Bean Definition DSL
» Core Container Improvements General Web Improvements
» WebSocket, SockJS, and STOMP Messaging Testing Improvements
» JMS Improvements Caching Improvements
» Web Improvements New Features and Enhancements in Spring Framework 1
» WebSocket Messaging Improvements Testing Improvements
» Core Container Improvements New Features and Enhancements in Spring Framework 4.2
» Data Access Improvements JMS Improvements Web Improvements
» Core Container Improvements Data Access Improvements Caching Improvements
» JMS Improvements Web Improvements WebSocket Messaging Improvements Testing Improvements
» Introduction to the Spring IoC container and beans
» Container overview The IoC container
» Bean overview The IoC container
» Dependencies The IoC container
» y.Baz beans The IoC container
» driverClassName = username = The IoC container
» email = spouse-ref = The IoC container
» y.Bar bean y.Foo constructor-arg y.Foo c:bar-ref baz-ref = y.Foo c:_0-ref _1-ref =
» y.z.MyValueCalculator b.c.ReplacementComputeValue Bean scopes
» y.Foo property Customizing the nature of a bean
» Bean definition inheritance The IoC container
» Container Extension Points The IoC container
» Annotation-based container configuration The IoC container
» Classpath scanning and managed components
» Using JSR 330 Standard Annotations
» Java-based container configuration The IoC container
» Environment abstraction The IoC container
» Registering a LoadTimeWeaver Additional Capabilities of the ApplicationContext
» The BeanFactory The IoC container
» Introduction The Resource interface
» Built-in Resource implementations Resources
» The ResourceLoaderAware interface Resources
» Resources as dependencies Application contexts and Resource paths
» Introduction Validation, Data Binding, and Type Conversion
» Validation using Spring’s Validator interface
» Resolving codes to error messages Bean manipulation and the BeanWrapper
» Spring Type Conversion Validation, Data Binding, and Type Conversion
» Spring Field Formatting Validation, Data Binding, and Type Conversion
» Configuring a global date time format
» Spring Validation Validation, Data Binding, and Type Conversion
» Introduction Feature Overview Spring Expression Language SpEL
» Expression Evaluation using Spring’s Expression Interface
» Expression support for defining bean definitions
» Language Reference Spring Expression Language SpEL
» 3e0 4 .getValueDouble. 4e0 2 .getValueDouble.
» Classes used in the examples
» Introduction Aspect Oriented Programming with Spring
» Schema-based AOP support Aspect Oriented Programming with Spring
» y.service.DefaultFooService y.SimpleProfiler aop:config
» Choosing which AOP declaration style to use
» Mixing aspect types Proxying mechanisms
» Introduction Pointcut API in Spring
» Advisor API in Spring Using the ProxyFactoryBean to create AOP proxies
» Concise proxy definitions Spring AOP APIs
» Creating AOP proxies programmatically with the ProxyFactory Manipulating advised objects
» Using the auto-proxy facility
» Using TargetSources Spring AOP APIs
» Mock Objects Unit Testing support Classes
» Overview Goals of Integration Testing
» JDBC Testing Support Annotations
» Spring TestContext Framework Integration Testing
» loginAction-ref = username = userPreferences-ref = theme =
» PetClinic Example Integration Testing
» Understanding the Spring Framework transaction abstraction
» Synchronizing resources with transactions
» Declarative transaction management Transaction Management
» y.service.DefaultFooService Transaction Management
» y.service.DefaultFooService y.SimpleProfiler y.service.DefaultFooService
» y.SimpleProfiler Transaction Management
» Programmatic transaction management Transaction Management
» Choosing between programmatic and declarative transaction management Transaction bound event
» Application server-specific integration Transaction Management
» Introduction Consistent exception hierarchy
» Annotations used for configuring DAO or Repository classes
» Introduction to Spring Framework JDBC
» Using the JDBC core classes to control basic JDBC processing and error handling
» Controlling database connections Data access with JDBC
» JDBC batch operations Data access with JDBC
» Simplifying JDBC operations with the SimpleJdbc classes
» Modeling JDBC operations as Java objects
» Common problems with parameter and data value handling
» Embedded database support Data access with JDBC
» Initializing a DataSource Data access with JDBC
» Introduction to ORM with Spring
» General ORM integration considerations
» Hibernate Object Relational Mapping ORM Data Access
» JDO Object Relational Mapping ORM Data Access
» Introduction Marshaller and Unmarshaller
» Using Marshaller and Unmarshaller
» XML Schema-based Configuration JAXB
» Castor Marshalling XML using OX Mappers
» XMLBeans JiBX Marshalling XML using OX Mappers
» XStream Marshalling XML using OX Mappers
» Introduction to Spring Web MVC framework
» The DispatcherServlet Web MVC framework
» Handler mappings Web MVC framework
» Resolving views Web MVC framework
» Using flash attributes Web MVC framework
» Building URIs Web MVC framework
» Using locales Web MVC framework
» Using themes Web MVC framework
» Spring’s multipart file upload support
» Handling exceptions Web MVC framework
» Web Security Convention over configuration support
» y.RegistrationController HTTP caching support
» Code-based Servlet container initialization
» Configuring Spring MVC Web MVC framework
» simpleDateFormat = Web MVC framework
» Introduction Thymeleaf Groovy Markup Templates
» Velocity FreeMarker View technologies
» Document views PDFExcel Property
» Feed Views JSON Mapping View
» Introduction Integrating with other web frameworks
» Common configuration Integrating with other web frameworks
» JavaServer Faces 1.2 Apache Struts 2.x
» Introduction Portlet MVC Framework
» The DispatcherPortlet Portlet MVC Framework
» The ViewRendererServlet Controllers Portlet MVC Framework
» Handler mappings Portlet MVC Framework
» Views and resolving them Multipart file upload support
» Handling exceptions Annotation-based controller configuration
» absolute-ordering absolute-ordering WebSocket API
» SockJS Fallback Options WebSocket Support
» STOMP Over WebSocket Messaging Architecture
» Introduction Controller method CORS configuration
» Global CORS configuration Advanced Customization
» Introduction Remoting and web services using Spring
» Using Hessian or Burlap to remotely call services via HTTP
» Exposing services using HTTP invokers
» Web services Remoting and web services using Spring
» JMS Remoting and web services using Spring
» Accessing RESTful services on the Client
» Introduction Accessing EJBs Enterprise JavaBeans EJB integration
» Introduction JMS Java Message Service
» Using Spring JMS JMS Java Message Service
» Sending a Message JMS Java Message Service
» Receiving a message JMS Java Message Service
» Support for JCA Message Endpoints
» Annotation-driven listener endpoints JMS Java Message Service
» JMS namespace support JMS Java Message Service
» Introduction Exporting your beans to JMX
» Controlling the management interface of your beans
» Controlling the ObjectNames for your beans
» Accessing MBeans via Proxies
» Introduction Configuring CCI JCA CCI
» Using Spring’s CCI access support
» Modeling CCI access as operation objects
» Using the JavaMail MimeMessageHelper
» Introduction The Spring TaskExecutor abstraction
» The Spring TaskScheduler abstraction
» Annotation Support for Scheduling and Asynchronous Execution
» The task namespace Task Execution and Scheduling
» Introduction A first example
» y.DefaultBookingService property Defining beans that are backed by dynamic languages
» y.DefaultBookingService property Dynamic language support
» Scenarios Dynamic language support
» Bits and bobs y.DefaultBookingService property
» Introduction Understanding the cache abstraction
» Declarative annotation-based caching Cache Abstraction
» JCache JSR-107 annotations Cache Abstraction
» Declarative XML-based caching y.service.DefaultBookService
» Configuring the cache storage name =
» Classic ORM usage Classic Spring Usage
» JMS Usage Classic Spring Usage
» Concise proxy definitions Classic Spring AOP Usage
» Using the autoproxy facility
» Using TargetSources Classic Spring AOP Usage
» Introduction XML Schema-based configuration
» Introduction Authoring the schema
» Coding a NamespaceHandler Extensible XML authoring
» BeanDefinitionParser Extensible XML authoring
» Registering the handler and the schema
» Using a custom extension in your Spring XML configuration Meatier examples
» Introduction The argument tag The bind tag
» The escapeBody tag The eval tag The hasBindErrors tag
» The htmlEscape tag The message tag
» The nestedPath tag The param tag The theme tag
» The transform tag The url tag
» Introduction The button tag The checkbox tag
» The checkboxes tag The errors tag
» The option tag The options tag
» The password tag The radiobutton tag
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