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1. CHALLENGE-1:
Higher Education Becoming More Internationalism
2. CHALLENGE-2:
Change of Demographics
3. CHALLENGE-3:
Reduced Government Funding
TINGGI
Jann H.,
New Challenges of the Higher Education
2006
CHALLENGE 1:
Higher Education Becoming More
Internationalism
,
Pressures Ahead for Higher Education
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“ International Networking
”?
1. International Networking
is Linkage or Cooperation Between Partners from Different
Countries, often for Specific Objectives
2. Internationalization:
a. Reflects the modern “borderless” era, where no country can exist in isolation, and the lives of
its people will be affected by actions and events occurring in other countries
b. International standards exist for many
activities, such as degree programs
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Sorce: Jisnuson Svasti
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CHALLENGE 2:
Change Demographics
Pressures Ahead for Higher Education
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Indonesia:
1. Population 238 million 2. Only 10 Gross Enrollment in higher education
3. Todays
3 million students in higher education are
900,000 32 public and 2.1 million 68 private 4. Nearly 2m high school graduates in 2004 -
demand increasing
5. Indonesia’s workforce expected to grow 14 by 2015
Sources: Satryo Soemantri Brodjonegoro, Director General of Higher Education, Indonesia, 2004 –
Presentation World Bank Group Conference, Kuala Lumpur, July 2004; Asian Development Bank, 2005:
Malaysia:
1. 60 of population under 30 years of age 2. Only 10 of 18 to 24 yr olds enrolled in universities, plus
another 24 enrolled in tertiary non-university 3. 30 of population still in school
Sources: Malaysian Educational Statistics, ‘Quick Facts 2003’ – Ministry of Education, Malaysia.
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Vietnam
:
1. Population 81 million - 120 million by 2030 2. 65 of population under 30 yrs
3. Approaching 10 GER in higher education 4. Approx 1.7 m school leavers for only 100,000 university
places
Sources: Mann M. RMIT Vietnam, 2005; VNNet, 9
th
May, 2006;
Pakistan:
1. Population 160 million 2. 475,000 students in higher education today – expect 1.3
million by 2010 29 CAGR 3. Approaching 60 of population under 30 yrs
4. Only 2.6 GER in higher education 5. Predicting 30 increase in workforce by 2015
Sources: Pakistan Higher Education Commission, 2006; Asian Development Bank, 2005; IFC staff estimates.
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2010 and 2020
1. 23 million students enrolled in 2005
