A Study Of Hamlet’s Hatred Towards Some Of Characters Depicted In Shakespeare’s Play “Hamlet

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A STUDY OF HAMLET’S HATRED TOWARDS

SOME OF CHARACTERS DEPICTED IN

SHAKESPEARE’S PLAY “HAMLET”

PROPOSAL

BY

ELVIZA ZAHARA

072202059

DIPLOMA III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM

FACULTY OF LETTERS

UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA

MEDAN

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Approved By Supervisor,

Dra. Masdiana Lubis, M.hum NIP : 19570620 198303 2001

Submitted to Faculty of Letters University of North Sumatera

In Partial fulfillment of the requirements for DIPLOMA (D-III) IN ENGLISH.

Approved by

Head English Study Program,

Dra. Syahyar Hanum, D.P.F.E NIP. 19510907 197902 2001

Approved by the Diploma III of English Study Program Faculty of Letters, North Sumatera University

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Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the D-III Examination of the Diploma III of English Study Program, Faculty of Letters, University of North Sumatera

The examination is held on the………

Faculty of letters, University of North Sumatera

Faculty of Letters, University of North Sumatera Dean,

Drs. Syafuddin, M.A, Ph.D Nip : 19509091 99403 1004

Broad of Examiner and reader

Examiner : Dra. Masdiana Lubis, M.hum, Reader : Drs. Muhizar Muchtar, MS.

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AUTHOR’S DECLARATION

I am, ELVIZA ZAHARA declare that I am the sole author of this paper. Except where reference is made in the text of this paper, this paper contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a paper which I have qualified for or awarded another degree.

No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award of another degree in any tertiary education.

Signed : Date :

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COPYRIGHT DECLARATION

Name : ELVIZA ZAHARA

Title of paper : A STUDY OF HAMLET’S HATRED TOWARDS SOME CHARACTERS DEPICTED SHAKESPEAR’S PLAY “HAMLET”

Qualification : D-III Study Program : English

1. I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the desecration of the librarian of Diploma English Department Faculty of Letters USU on the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under law of the Republic Indonesia.

Sign : Date :

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ABSTRAK

Kertas karya ini berjudul A Study of Hamlet Hatred Depicted in Shakespeare’s Play “Hamlet”. Kebencian yang di gambarkan dalam novel ini dilakukan oleh Hamlet terhadap pamannya, ibunya, dan Ophelia.

Dalam menyelesaikan kertas karya ini, penulis mengidentifikasi data, mengkoleksi data dari berbagai sumber dengan membaca beberapa buku yang berhubungan dengan pokok persoalan, mengklasifiksikan data berdasarkan sumber data, dan menganalisa data. Dengan kata lain, penulisan kertas karya ini secara tehnik dilakukan dengan dukungan beberapa buku yang dipilih sebagai referensi.

Dari hasil analisa data ditemukan adanya kematian, keputusasaan, kesedihan, dan dendam sebagai akibat dan konsequensi dari kebencian Hamlet. Semuanya dapat dilihat dari para karakter dalam Play Hamlet, yaitu kematian Claudius karena di bunuh oleh Hamlet sebagai upaya balas dendam terhadap kematian ayahnya. Adanya keputusasaan pada diri Hamlet karena ditolak cintanya oleh Ophlia dengan mengatakan bahwa dia tidak akan menikah dengan siapapun. Dan kesedihan Hamlet karena tidak menerima keputusan ibunya untuk menikahi pamannya.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

In the name of Allah, the most Gracious, the most merciful who has blessed and given the ability to me to finish this paper as my last assignment to finish my study at Diploma III of English Study Program, Faculty of Letters, University of North Sumatra.

In completing this paper, I am indebted to a number of persons. Thus, I am very graceful to those who have supported and encouraged me. First, I would like to express my sincere thanks to all my lecturers who have passed their knowledge to me. My sincere thanks are also due to my supervisor Dra. Masdiana Lubis,

M.hum, for her guidance in correcting and revising this paper from numerous

errors, and to my reader Drs. Muhizar Muchtar, MS. I also would like to deliver my great thanks to Dean of Faculty of Letters Prof. Syaifuddin, M.A. Ph.D., and the Head of English Study Program Dra. Syahyar Hanum, PDFE, for their advice and support during the period of my study in this faculty.

My special gratitude is also directed to my beloved parents, Muchlis and

Siti Khasanah, and for all my families, who have given me everything to fulfill

my needs materially and spiritually during the study.

Furthermore, I would like to thank to my best friends Elan, Malahayati,

Dini (Mangkubumi), Julia (Eda), Putri (Kisanak), Melisa (Ma’ Ela Gomgom), Wulan, Sulis, Tri, Yuliska, and Maya, for their support, help and

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Although I have done the best to finish this paper, I realize that this paper is far from being perfect. Therefore the advice, constructive criticism, and suggestion aimed in this paper will be warmly welcome and highly appreciated.

Medan, July 2010. The Writer,

Elviza Zahara Reg.No.072202059

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AUTHOR DECLARATION

COPYRIGHT DECLARATION

ABSTRAK

... i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

... ii

... iv

I. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study ... 1

1.2 Scope of the Study ... 2

1.3 Purpose of the Study ... 3

1.4 Significance of the Study ... 3

1.5 Method of the Study ... 3

II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 The Theory of the Character ... 5

2.2 Character of the Play ... 7

2.2.1 Main Character ... 8

2.2.2 Minor Character ... 9

III.A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF CHARACTERS IN THE PLAY 3.1 Main Characters ... 10

3.1.1 Prince Hamlet ... 10

3.1.2 King Claudius ... 11

3.1.3 Queen Gertrude ... 12

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3.2 Minor Characters ... 13

3.2.1 Polonius ... 13

3.2.2 Laertes ... 14

3.2.3 The Ghost ... 15

3.2.4 Horatio ... 15

3.2.5 Rosencrantz and Guildenstern... 16

3.2.6 Marcellus and Bernardo ... 16

IV. ANALYSIS OF HAMLET'S HATRED TOWARDS SOME CHARACTERS DEPICTED IN SHAKESPEARE'S PLAY "HAMLET" 4.1 Hamlet’s Hatred to His Uncle. ... 18

4.2 Hamlet’s Hatred to His Mother ... 21

4.3 Hamlet’s Hatred to Ophelia. ... 23

5. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 5.1 Conclusion ... 26

5.1 Suggestions ... 26

REFERENCES

APPENDIX

1. The Summary of the Play

2. The Biography of Author

3. His Literary Works

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ABSTRAK

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I. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Hatred is an angry feeling of extreme dislike for someone or something. (Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, 1995:653). Meanwhile in Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary, hatred is extremely strong word, but it often slips off out tongue without thinking that it might offend someone. Moreover Davis defines hatred as “crimes that manifest prejudice based on certain group characteristics”. From all the definition, it can be concluded that hatred is the form of an expression that makes people dislike someone or something.

Hatred is also depicted in hate speech by statement of person, in the same manner said by Walker speech includes "any form of expression deemed offensive to any racial, religious, ethnic or national group". Such a feeling, for sure, can only give more troubles and create difficulties for us. Besides, it is absolutely true that everyone must have this feeling whether little or much. The huge hatred feeling will force someone to commit negative conducts.

Furthermore hatred can cause killing. According to Gordon Witkin and Jeannye Thornton, it happened to a couple in United States, a lady killed and cut open a pregnant woman named Theresa Andrews, and she took her baby and claimed it hers. She did the action caused hatred and jealousy to that woman. She can not accept that her husband impregnated that woman.

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So when a person possesses a strong feeling of hatred, then he/she will tend to do anything necessary to make the one he/she hates suffer. This is the major target. When he/she obtains his/her intention, then she will find satisfaction.

It has always been hard for anyone to part hatred in his/her life as he/she has been gifted with two different contrast feeling, hate and love. People will do anything needed to make anyone being his target suffer and obtain his/her satisfaction

Hamlet’s hatred is found in theme of Hamlet’s play that is vengeance. This vengeance does not only have to do with Hamlet himself but is also illustrated in all important characters of the play. All of these characters are faced with the problem of having to avenge their nemesis who had previously hurt their or their family's name.

From this theme, I can conclude that there is hatred in Hamlet’s play. And because that, why I am interested to analyzing Hamlet.

1.2 Scope of the Study

In analysis the literature especially drama, there are many elements to be discussed. For examples: aspect, theme, plot, setting, and characters. But in this paper, the writer only focused on to the character, especially the hatred of main character Hamlet towards another characters found in this play. This hatred feeling is mirrored in Hamlet’s conduct which is divided into Hamlet’s hatred towards his uncle, Hamlet’s hatred towards his mother, and Hamlet’s hatred towards Ophelia.

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1.3 Purpose of the Study

The purposes of the study are as follows:

1. To describe how the main character shows hatred feeling towards his uncle, his mother, and Ophelia.

2. To find out the effect of Hamlet’s hatred feeling. 3. To describe the consequence towards himself.

1.4 Significance of the Study

1. To increase study of literature especially in the play.

2. The writer hopes that the readers can find the important points from the lesson.

3. The writer want extend to the readers that hatred has something to do with moral lesson as it will influence people to do negative conduct.

4. To give a brief explanation of the bad effects that hatred can create in life. 5. To present a brief description to the readers that it is totally wrong to hate

others.

6. As reference to the readers who want recitation the problem in this play.

1.5 Method of the Study

The method taken in this analysis is based on library research, to get the source of data. Clayton (2001: XII) defines library research as “A terms which encompasses a number of activities related to the development of the library’s collection , including the determination and coordination of selection policy,

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assessment of needs of users and potential user, collection use studies, collection evaluation, identification of collection needs, selection of materials, planning of resource sharing, collection maintenance and weeding”. While, Edward (2000:83) defines data analysis is a method in which the investigator examines information source used and materials produced by the person or study group. The source of data is Hamlet. The source of this analysis is depicted in the play “Hamlet”, written by William Shakespeare.

Method of the study that is used in this analysis consists of some steps.

1. Reading story of the play “Hamlet” repeats. Then, the whole contents or main points of the play “Hamlet” should be really understood.

2. Identifying the characters of the play.

3. Collecting the sentence that depicted Hamlet’s hatred. 4. Classification the data depend Hamlet’s hatred.

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CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 The Theory of the Character

The word character is derived from Greek word, which means to cut into furrows or engrave (inscription) which is created by men.

The definitions of “Character” quoted from the Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English (1995:215) are as following:

1. of a person, community, race, etc. (mental or moral nature, mental or more qualities, that make one person, race different from another)

2. all those qualities that make a thing, place, etc. different from another. 3. person in a novel, play, etc. who is in some ways unusual.

4. description of a person’s abilities, and qualities, esp. in a letter by an employer, that may be used when applying for a position.

Jacobs and Roberts (1980:72) define character as one of the interesting things for personal opinions that the readers want to see how is the other people life and how they effort to pursue the goals. The readers can learn about individual characters from their own words and action, from what other characters said about them and way others act towards them. Roberts and Jacobs (1980: 72) say:

“The author’s way to make the readers understand the personality and image of a characters”

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Moreover according to Harahap (2007:23), character is the aggregate of traits and features that form the nature of some person or animal.

There is a relation between the action and expression of each character with playing the powerful words that are articulated by each character. The words themselves represent full significant that can be appreciated by literary reader while reading it. In relation to this Richard (1981: 62) stated:

“A character is mere construction of words meant to express an idea or view of expression and must be considered in relation of other features of composition, such as setting and action, before its significant can be appreciated.”

In this type of fiction creation, the reader will be easier to recognize the emphasize of each character. We can notice and suggest a personality in a novel or play with an exploration about the intelligent, class, or education of each character that are written in a novel or play. With this information, the readers will be able to imagine what are their most favorite characters in a novel or play. As Keith (1998: 47) says:

“A writer’s use of speech for a character can think, feel, or obviously be very important to indicate what the characters believe. Speech can be used to suggest personality as well as intelligent, class, education.”

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2.2 Character of the Play

The definitions of “Character” based on the word character in Shakespeare’s

play (1970: 256) are:

1. the aggregate of qualities that distinguishes one person from another. 2. one such quality or features; a characteristic.

3. moral constitution, as a person or people. 4. good moral constitution or status.

5. reputation or good reputation.

6. an account of qualities or peculiarities of a person or thing. 7. a person.

8. a formal statement from an employer concerning the qualities or habits of a former servant or employee.

9. colloquial an odd person. 10. status or capacity.

11. a person represented in a drama, a play, a story, etc. 12. part of a role…..Theatre.

Shakespeare (2002:243) says that a character is one of the most important aspects in a play. A character can be seen firstly by what someone says, secondly by what he does, thirdly by what another person say about him. It cannot be refuted that play and characters are very closely related. It is considered that it is essential to write down the definition of character on purpose to make us more understand what the character is indeed. A play can be referred to as a tragedy, but

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tragic events in a story are essentially part of the plot, rather than a literary device in them.

Characters in this play are divided in two parts. There are main character and minor character.

2.2.1 Main Character

The main character is usually the main figure that takes a big role in a story

of a novel. We can notice and differentiate between main character and minor character by looking at the numbers of events and incidents that involving directly to which always involved in some events, incidents or conflict means they are the main characters.

The character is affecting the plot, if the story only has a few in characters, there will be more close and simple story. If we don’t know the plot of the story, it will be hard to understand what the story tells about.

As the result, with conclusions above, we can conclude that main characters have a tight relation with the plot. We can conclude and measure that how strength is a plot based on the main characters. Leo and Karl (1994: 244) states:

“If the main characters appear weak, the plots appear stronger; And, conversely, with a strong character, the plots becomes Secondary.”

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Finally, the conclusion is the main characters are having dominant roles in literary story. They handle a big role in the plot from the beginning until the end of the story.

2.2.2 Minor Character

Terri (1980 a story that is not a major character. Many fiction writers of novels and short stories work hard to create their major characters, also known as heroes, protagonists or antagonists, but neglect their minor characters. Minor characters have many important roles in a story. They can move the plot along, provide conflict, or serve as part of the setting. They can be foils for the major characters. A foil serves to highlight the characteristics of protagonists for the reader by comparison and contrast. You do not usually need to develop your minor characters as fully as your major characters, but, depending on how important they are to the progress of the story, you should pay some attention to developing them.

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CHAPTER 3

A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF CHARACTERS IN THE PLAY

3.1 Main Characters

There are some main characters found in the Shakespeare’s play “Hamlet”, as the following:

3.1.1 Prince Hamlet

Prince Hamlet is the Prince of Denmark. He is the son of Queen Gertrude

and the late King Hamlet, and the nephew of the present king, Claudius. He is melancholy, bitter, and cynical, full of hatred for his uncle’s scheming and disgust for his mother’s sexuality. Hamlet is an introspective character. A reflective and thoughtful young man who has studied at the University of Wittenberg, He is often indecisive and hesitant, but at other times prone to rash and impulsive acts. It can be seen from these quotations below:

Hamlet: ...To die; to sleep,

No more, and by a sleep to say we end

The heart-ache, and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to; 'tis a consummation

Devoutly to be wish'd. To die, to sleep; (Hamlet, III.i.60-4)

Sir, in my heart there was a kind of fighting, That would not let me sleep: methought I lay Worse than the mutines in the bilboes. Rashly, And prais'd be rashness for it, let us know, Our indiscretion sometime serves us well When our deep plots do pall, and that should learn us

There's a divinity that shapes our ends, Rough-hew them how we will.

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He hated his mother for marrying Claudius so soon after his father’s death. And he had to decide whether to kill his uncle Claudius and revenge his father’s death. It can be seen from these quotations below:

Hamlet: …Frailty, thy name is woman!

A little month, or ere those shoes were old With which she follow'd my poor father's body, Like Niobe, all tears:—why she, even she— O, God! a beast, that wants discourse of reason, Would have mourn'd longer—married with my uncle,

My father's brother, but no more like my father Within a month:

Ere yet the salt of most unrighteous tears Had left the flushing in her galled eyes, She married. O, most wicked speed, to post With such dexterity to incestuous sheets! It is not nor it cannot come to good:

But break, my heart; for I must hold my tongue. (Hamlet, I, ii, 146-159)

3.1.2 King Claudius

He is the King of Denmark, Hamlet’s uncle. He is the brother of the late

King of Denmark. The villain of the play, he is a calculating, ambitious politician, driven by his sexual appetites and his lust for power, but he occasionally shows signs of guilt and human feeling—his love for Gertrude, for instance, seems sincere. He murders his brother to seize the throne. It can be seen from these quotations below:

King: My fault is past. But O, what form of prayer

Can serve my turn? "Forgive me my foul murder"? That cannot be, since I am still possess'd

Of those effects for which I did the murder, My crown, mine own ambition, and my queen.

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3.1.3 Queen Gertrude

She is the Queen of Denmark, Hamlet’s mother. She is the widow of the late

King Hamlet, recently married to Claudius. Gertrude loves Hamlet deeply, but she is shallow, weak woman who seeks affection and status more urgently than moral rectitude or truth. She seems unaware that Claudius killed her former husband until Hamlet confronted her directly. However, she also believes that hamlet is mad after he sees the ghost of his father in her presence, a ghost she could not see. It can be seen from these quotations below:

Queen : Alas, he's mad!

Hamlet: Do you not come your tardy son to chide, That, lapsed in time and passion, lets go by The important acting of your dread command? O, say!

How is it with you, lady? Queen : Alas, how is't with you,

That you do bend your eye on vacancy

And with the incorporal air do hold discourse? Forth at your eyes your spirits wildly peep; And, as the sleeping soldiers in the alarm, Your bedded hair, like life in excrements, Starts up, and stands on end. O gentle son, Upon the heat and flame of thy distemper Sprinkle cool patience. Whereon do you look?

Hamlet: On him, on him! Look you, how pale he glares! His form and cause conjoined, preaching to stones, Would make them capable. Do not look upon me;

Queen : To whom do you speak this? Hamlet: Do you see nothing there?

Queen : Nothing at all; yet all that is I see. Hamlet: Nor did you nothing hear?

Queen : No, nothing but ourselves (Hamlet, III, iv, 102-113)

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3.1.4 Ophelia

She is the daughter of Polonius, a beautiful young woman with whom Hamlet has been in love. Ophelia is a sweet and innocent young girl, who obeys her father and her brother, Laertes. “I shall obey, my lord” (Ophelia, I, iii 136).

Her heart is pure, and when she does something dishonest, such as telling Hamlet that her father has gone home when he is really behind the curtain, it is out of genuine fear. Ophelia clings to the memory of Hamlet treating her with respect and tenderness, and she defends him and loves him to the very end despite his brutality. She is incapable of defending herself, but through her timid responses we see clearly her intense suffering:

Hamlet : ...I did love you once.

Ophelia: Indeed, my, lord, you made me believe so.

Hamlet : You should not have believed me...I loved you not. Ophelia: I was the more deceived.

(Hamlet, III, I, 115-118)

3.2 Minor Characters

3.2.1 Polonius

Polonius is a lord Chamberlain of Claudius’s court, a pompous, conniving old man. He is father of Laertes and Ophelia. He is certainly trusted and held in high regard by Claudius, who tells Laertes that his Denmark:

"The head is not more native to the heart The hand more instrumental to the mouth

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Than is the throne of Denmark to thy father." (Hamlet, I, ii, 56-58)

He is the first to believe that Hamlet’s madness is the result of Ophelia rejecting him. He is accidentally killed by Hamlet while eavesdropping on a conversation between Hamlet and Gertrude. It can bee seen from these quotation below:

Hamlet: Mother, mother, mother! Queen : I'll warrant you, fear me not: Withdraw, I hear him coming. [Polonius hides behind the arras.]

Hamlet: Now, mother, what's the matter?

Queen : Hamlet, thou hast thy father much offended

Hamlet: Come, come, and sit you down; you shall not budge; You go not till I set you up a glass

Where you may see the inmost part of you. Queen : What wilt thou do? thou wilt not murder me? Help, ho!

Polonius (Behind): What, ho! Help! Hamlet: (Drawing his sword.)

How now! a rat? Dead, for a ducat, dead! (Stabs through the arras.)

Polonius (Behind): O, I am slain! (Falls and dies.)

(Hamlet, III, iv, 5-25)

3.2.2 Laertes

He is the son of Polonius, a young man who spends much of the play in France. Passionate and quick to action. He retuned to Denmark when he learned that his father had been killed. He fought hamlet in a fencing match at the end, and killed Hamlet by slashing him with a poisoned foil. It can be seen from these quotations below:

Laertes : Come, one for me

Hamlet : I'll be your foil, Laertes: in mine ignorance Your skill shall, like a star I' the darkest night,

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Laertes : You mock me, sir Hamlet : No, by this hand.

Laertes : This is too heavy, let me see another.

Hamlet : This likes me well. These foils have all a length? (They prepare to play.)

(Hamlet, V, ii, 254-265)

3.2.3 The Ghost

The Ghost is a character that does not spend much time on stage but has a very meaningful position in the play. During the course of the first act, The Ghost looks very much like Hamlet’s dead father. It can be seen from these quotation below:

“In the same figure like the king that’s dead.” (Hamlet, I, I, 42)

3.2.4 Horatio

He is Hamlet’s close friend, who studied with the prince at the university in Wittenberg. Horatio is loyal and helpful to Hamlet through out the play. After Hamlet’s death, Horatio remains to tell Hamlet’s story. It can be seen from these quotations below:

Horotio: The same, my lord, and your poor servant ever Hamlet: Sir, my good friend; I'll change that name with you: And what make you from Wittenberg, Horatio? Horotio: A truant disposition, good my lord.

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3.2.5 Rosencrantz and Guildenstern

Two slightly bumbling courtiers, former friends of Hamlet from Wittenberg, who are summoned by Claudius and Gertrude to discover the cause of Hamlet’s strange behavior. It can be seen from these quotations below:

Rosencrantz: He does confess he feels himself distracted;

But from what cause 'a will by no means speak.

Guildenstern:Nor do we find him forward to be sounded, But, with a crafty madness, keeps aloof,

When we would bring him on to some confession

Of his true state.

Queen :Did he receive you well? Rosencrantz :Most like a gentleman.

Guildenstern:But with much forcing of his disposition. Queen :Did you assay him

To any pastime?

Rosencrantz: Madam, it so fell out, that certain players

We o'er-raught on the way.Of these we told him; And there did seem in him a kind of joy

To hear of it. They are about the court, And, as I think, they have already order This night to play before him.

King :With all my heart; and it doth much content me

To hear him so inclined.

Good gentlemen, give him a further edge, And drive his purpose into these delights Rosencrantz :We shall, my lord.

(Hamlet, III, I, 5-28)

3.2.6 Marcellus and Bernardo

The officers who first see the ghost walking the ramparts of Elsinore and who summon Horatio to witness it. It can bee seen from these quotation below:

Marcellus: Holla! Barnardo!

Bernardo : Say— What, is Horatio there? Horatio : A piece of him.

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Horatio : What, has this thing appeared again tonight? Bernardo : I have seen nothing.

Last night of all,

When yond same star that's westward from the pole Had made his course to illume that part of heaven Where now it burns, Marcellus and myself,

The bell then beating one— (Enter Ghost)

Marcellus:Peace, break thee off; look, where it comes again!

Bernardo :In the same figure, like the king that's dead. See, it stalks away!

Horatio :Stay! speak, speak! I charge thee, speak! (Exit Ghost)

Marcellus:'Tis gone, and will not answer. (Hamlet, I, i, 18-52)

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CHAPTER 4

ANALYSIS OF HAMLET’S HATRED TOWARDS

SOME OF THE CHARACTERS IN THE PLAY

In this sub-chapter, the writer would analyze the hatred found in the play ‘HAMLET” by William Shakespeare. This analysis will be parted into three parts; they are Hamlet’s hatred towards Claudius (his uncle), Gertrude, and Ophelia.

In our reality, we cannot prevent ourselves of having the feeling of hatred, as each of us must possess it besides the feeling of love. We must be able to prevent hatred as hard as possible, since it can create so much trouble and loss for us. Besides, the feeling of hatred can cause us much trouble and it is certain that it cannot give us happiness. Consequently, it is necessary for us to kill our hatred feeling as best as we can.

4.1 Hamlet’s Hatred to His Uncle.

Claudius is Hamlet uncle. Hamlet hates him so much as he knows that he is the killer of his father for his father position as the king of Denmark and then he gets married to his mother. Hamlet really does hate him as he regards that Claudius is not the right man to replace his father’s position. His uncle is not an honest and honored man like his father, King Hamlet. Moreover, when he finds out that his mother will get married with him. He does not want if his father’s

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position is replaced by Claudius by saying “No more like my father” (Hamlet. I. ii. 152)

The quotation shows us that Hamlet states he does not acutance if Claudius becomes his father. There is so much suspicious feeling in his mind. Hamlet thinks that his uncle is involved for his father’s death to get the crown of Denmark. Then, Hamlet decides to take revenge for it to his uncle, Claudius. He has a big plan to trap Claudius by acting like an actor. Hamlet also makes some changes in the play he is going to act. He does this so that he can figure out soon who exactly the killer of his father is, as seen in the following quotation:

Hamlet. “I have heard that guilty creatures Sitting at the play

Have by the very cunning of the scene

Been struck so the soul that Presently

The have proclaimed malefaction” (Hamlet, II, ii, 566-570)

The quotation above shows us that Hamlet acts like an actor does. He speaks to himself. He hopes that he is able to play with of his heart as a real actor while talking. Hamlet is actually doubted in his confidence to take a revenge for his father’s death. He is confused with his doubtful feeling towards Claudius. He thinks if it is true that his uncle is the killer of his father. He makes a play about a murder exactly the same as what his uncle has done to his father as being told by the ghost of his father. Hamlet hopes Claudius will confess his fault for what he has done to King Hamlet. Hamlet begins to enter the room by saying,

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“To be or not to be; that is the question”. (Hamlet, III, I, 56)

In this case, Hamlet finds some difficulties for what he is supposed to do towards his uncle. He feels that he is disable to take revenge.

Hamlet tries to kill Claudius with his own sword. Hamlet stands right behind him and starts drawing his swords and gets ready to kill Claudius. However, he knows that Claudius is praying for his sins. Consequently, Hamlet decides not to kill him. Hamlet thinks if he kills Claudius when he is praying, it means that he sends his uncle to heaven. Therefore, Hamlet does not want it happen. He wants to send Claudius to hell. For that reason, he cancels his plan. This can be seen from the following quotation:

Hamlet. “A villain kills my father, and for that

I his sole son, do this same villain send to heaven. O this hire and salary, not revenge.

He took my father grossly full of bread;

With all this crimes broad blown, as flush as may; And how his audit stands who knows save heaven?

But, in our circumstances and course of thought, ‘tis heavy with him; and am I then revenged, to take him in the purging of his soul,

when he is fit and season fir his passage? No.

Up, sword; and know thou a more horrid hent; When he is drunk as asleep, or in his rage; At gaming, swearing, or about some act That has no relish of salvation in’t

Then trip him, that his heels may kick at heaven, And hell, where to it goes.”

(Hamlet, III, iii, 75-92)

The quotation above shows us that Hamlet has a very much hatred feeling towards Claudius, his own uncle. He postpones his intention to kill

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Claudius, as he does not want to send his uncle to paradise. Hamlet wants his uncle to stay in hell. By the play entitled “Mousetrap”, Hamlet tries to trap Claudius in that show for solving his problem. Hamlet can only start his action if he has a proof that Claudius is guilty. Hence, he can do his plan as soon as possible. Hamlet thinks that he can act as a leader of a drama and tries to make Claudius confess every mistake he has ever done. He knows that he will face a great danger. As the result, he must go to England.

4.2 Hamlet’s Hatred to His Mother

Gertrude is Hamlet’s own mother. She is the widow of the former king, Hamlet and also the present king, Claudius. Hamlet hates his mother so much as she is married to Claudius, his uncle as soon as his father died. Hamlet does not agree if his mother gets married in every short time after his father death. He finds himself disappointed with the fact that hi mother gets married to Claudius two months after his father died. Hamlet says, “Ophelia most wicked

speed, to post with such dexterity to incestuous sheets!” (Hamlet, I, ii, 155).

Hamlet’s disappointment is also seen when his mother ask him to put off his mourning clothes, but he refuses it as seen in the following quotation:

Queen Gertrude. Good Hamlet, cast thy knighted color off, And let thine eye look like a friend on Denmark.

Do not for ever with thy veiled lids Seek for thy noble father in the dust;

Thou knows 'tis common; all that lives must die,

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(Hamlet, I, ii, 68-73)

Hamlet. Nay it is; I know not "seems."

'tis not alone my inky cloak, good mother, Nor customary suits of solemn black,

(Hamlet, I, ii, 76-78)

The above quotation shows that Queen Gertrude asks Hamlet to put his mourning clothes off, but he refuses it. Hamlet says that this is the most terrible sadness he ever has and will keep staying in this sadness. Hamlet still looks sad in a very bad mourning for his father’s death by telling his mother that she does not have to worry about the clothes, as it is only the symbol for his sadness. He wants to show his mother about Claudius’ plan to marry her two months after his father died, as seen the following quotation:

Hamlet. “Tis an unweeded garden,

that grows to seed; things rank and gross in nature Possess it merely. That it should come to this! But two months dead: nay, not so much, not two”

(Hamlet, I, ii, 136-138)

It is clear for us based on the above quotation that Hamlet hurts so much for his mother’s marriage with Claudius after his father’s death. Besides, Hamlet says that the marriage of his mother with his father’s own brother has hurt his father feeling. He promises that he will bring his mother a mirror so that his mother will wake up who she really is, as seen in the following quotation:

Hamlet. Come Come, come, and sit you down; You shall not budge;

You go not till I set you up a glass

Where you may see the inmost part of you (Hamlet, III, iv, 19-20)

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From the quotation above, we know that Hamlet is arguing with his mother in a terribly horrible way. He says that she has hurt his father’s feeling by maaryintg Claudius, his uncle. He shows his mother that he deeply hurts as well since forgets his lovely father too soon then marrying his father’s own brother who is also the killer of his father. He compares his mother’s former husband with the present one. However, he decides not to kill his mother as well as he will do to Claudius, his uncle. Hamlet intends as well to make his mother admit all mistakes she has ever done. He gives his mother a mirror so that she is frightened and cries for help. Then, Hamlet asks his mother to go to bed quickly, but he forbids her to sleep with Claudius, as seen in the following quotation:

Hamlet. Good night: but go not to mine uncle's bed;

assume a virtue, if you have it not.

That monster, custom, who all sense doth eat, Of habits devil, is angel yet in this,

(Hamlet, III, IV, 159-162)

It is obviously seen that Hamlet forbids his mother to sleep with Claudius, his uncle. Hamlet says to his mother that she is eager to ask for forgiveness from heaven and keeps warning her not to stay with Claudius. Hamlet wants his mother to do everything she is told to.

4.3 Hamlet’s Hatred to Ophelia.

Ophelia is Polonius’ daughter. She is an obedient daughter. She always believes in what her father says. She has top choose between two: those are: to love his father or Hamlet. However, Ophelia chooses to love her father more than

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to Hamlet by saying, I shall obey, my lord (Hamlet, I, ii, 135) Choosing her

father, Ophelia must face her own disaster by her father death.

Actually, Ophelia loves Hamlet so much but she has rejected him as her father has forbidden her to build relationship with him. Hamlet hates her since she becomes a spy und45 her father’s commands. Hamlet finds himself doubted for Ophelia’s loyalty as he is certain that Ophelia is more obedient to her father. Hamlet tells Ophelia not to believe in what father has said and Hamlet also says that he loves Ophelia. Ophelia feels that Hamlet has tricked her, as seen in the following quotation:

Hamlet. “You should not believe me;

For virtue cannot so inoculate our old stock,

But we shall relish of it; I loved you not”

Ophelia. “I was the more deceived” Hamlet. “Get thee to a nunnery;

Why woulds’t thou be a breeder of sinners? (Hamlet, III, I, 118-122)

From the quotation above, Hamlet tells Ophelia that she does not have to believe in whatever he says. Ophelia feels that Hamlet has tricked her. Basically, Hamlet loves this woman so much, but he tries to hurt her by saying, “I

loved you not” as seen in the above quotation. In fact, Hamlet feels offended

when Ophelia rejects him at the time he expresses it. Hamlet, then, tells her that all women are cheaters and he prohibits all men to marry her but those who are fools, as seen in the following quotation:

Hamlet. “If thou dost marry,

I'll give thee this plague for thy dowry: Be thou as chaste as ice, as pure as snow,

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Thou shalt not escape calumny. Get thee to a nunnery, go, farewell

Or, if thou wilt needs marry, marry a fool; For wise men know well.

Enough what monsters you make of them. To a nunnery, go, and quickly too.

(Hamlet, III, I, 135-140)

The above quotation shows us that Hamlet is in a very bad mood, pessimist. Hamlet finds no doubt to sweep Ophelia away because he thinks that he has a right to do it. Hamlet believes that Ophelia has closed her heart for him based on her father’s order. Hamlet tells Ophelia that all women are cheaters and there is no man will marry her but those who are fools. He says as well that he will never get married even with Ophelia. As seen in the following quotation:

Hamlet. “I say, we will have no more marriages; Those that are married already, all but one,

Shall live; the rest shall keep as they are, (Hamlet, III, I, 145-146)

From the quotation above we can see that Hamlet says to Ophelia that he will never get married to any woman as she has refused his love.

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CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

5.1 Conclusion

It is concluded that:

1. Hamlet’s hatred causes death towards his uncle. He kills his uncle as revenge towards his father’s death.

2. Hamlet’s hatred towards his mother in form does not agree marriage. Its effect, he is arguing with his mother in a terribly way.

3. Hatred towards Ophelia cause she has refused Hamlet’s love. And the effect, Hamlet tries to hurt her by say that all women are cheaters and prohibits all men to marry her.

4. In this reality, it is necessary for us to always control our emotion, as it will help us create a peaceful situation and not to hurt others.

5. It is definitely magnificent if we can always control our emotion to be stable and close ourselves to God. By doing this, at least, we can control our emotion and make us able to prevent doing negative behaviors.

5.1 Suggestions

It is suggested that:

1. The readers not own the hatred because it is going to result the bad mistakes in the future.

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2. The readers not live in the hatred because it can make their life full of problems.

3. The readers live with love for another people.

4. The readers consider everything before doing something.

5. The readers run the norms in their life by considering what they are going to do.

6. The readers lose the hatred of feeling because it is not important thing to make this life happy.

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REFERENCES

American. 1975. The Encyclopedia. New York. American Corporation

Berman, Rollan. 1965. A Reader’s Guide to Shakespeare’s Play. New York: Patience Hall Inc.

Brown, Gilian and Yule, George. 1996. Analisis Wacana. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama

Chambers, EK.1930. William Shakespear’s: A Study of Fact and Problem. New York: Harper Coolins Publisher Inc.

Charles and Mary Lamb. 1970. More Tale’s from Shakespeare. Hongkong: Wings Tai Cheung, Co. Ltd

Clayton, Peter and Gorman G.E. 2001. Managing Information Resources in

Libraries. Cornwall: MPG Books Ltd.

Edward, Evans G. 2000. Developing Library and Information Center Collections. California: University Libranian.

Jump, John. 1968. Shakespeare: Hamlet. London: Macmillan education Ltd. Hudson, WH. 1911. Outline History of English Literature. New York: Colliers

Books.

Hornby, AS. 1974. Learner’s Oxford Advanced Dictionary of Current. English. London: Oxford University press.

Hornby, AS. 1995. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary. New York: Oxford University Press.

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Rocker, Terri. 1980. How to Create a Minor Character in Fiction. www.ehow.com

Sanger, Keith. 1998. The Language of Fiction. London: Routledge.

Shakespeare, William. 2002. The Tempest. New Delhi: Praveen Bhatia UBS Publisher’s Distributors Pvt. Ltd

Stanley, Linda C. 1985. Ways to Writing. New York: Macmillan Publishing. Taylor, Richard. 1981. Understanding that Element of Literature. Hongkong: The

McMillan Company.

Walker, Hate Speech.

Wellek and Werren. 1964. Theory of Literature. London: Oxford University Press.

Witkin and Thornton, Jeannye. Harted Can Cause Kill.

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APPENDICES

Appendix 1: The Summary of the Play

Hamlet was son of the previous king, King Hamlet from Denmark who had passed away before the play was open. After his death, his brother, Claudius, become the king replacing King Hamlet’s position, and got married to the widow of the King Hamlet, Gertrude. Hamlet felt suspicious towards his uncle, Claudius. He believed that Claudius had murdered his father to get the position as the King of Denmark.

Two guards, Marcellus and Bernardo, met Hamlet’s friend. Horatio. They told him that they saw King Hamlet’s ghost. Hearing the news, Horatio told hamlet about it. Then, Hamlet came to see the mentioned ghost that his friend had told. The ghost told Hamlet that Claudius had murdered his father, King Hamlet, by pouring poison into his ear. Hamlet got really annoyed to hear this and this made him set a plan to take a revenge for his father death.

Hamlet started to act as an insane person, so that it made Claudius and Gertrude send Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, hamlet’s two friends, to spy him and find the reason why hamlet did this. Polonius was Laertes’ and Ophelia’s father. He was the first person who found out Hamlet’s madness and sent his daughter soon, Ophelia, to spy Hamlet, since Polonius knew that Hamlet loved his daughter so much.

Claudius fond himself worried if Hamlet would soon kill him. This made him arrange a plan to send Hamlet to England. However, before Hamlet left for England, he performed a drama, which talked about the story that was similar with

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his father’s death. King Hamlet. Hamlet hoped by doing this, King Claudius, wanted to confess that he had murdered his own brother, King Hamlet. However, Claudius got really mad. He did not confess that he was the killer of King Hamlet.

When Hamlet was talking to his mother, Gertrude, he heard a voice besides the wall. He thought that it was Claudius, Hamlet pulled out his sword suddenly and killed him. Polonius fell down and Gertrude screamed horribly for what Hamlet had done. For this reason, Claudius sent Hamlet to England right away. Claudius sent Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to accompany Hamlet and asked them to kill Hamlet as soon as they arrived there.

After Hamlet left for England, Leartes had come back from France. He found that his father had passed away. Claudius, then, persuaded him to get revenge for his father’s death. However, fight could not be presented between Hamlet and Claudius. They fought with their own swords. At the end of the story, Hamlet stabbed King Claudius with the poisoned sword. Then, Hamlet gave his vote to Fortinbras before he died.

Appendix 2: The Biography of Author

William Shakespeare was an English poet, dramatist, and actor, considered by many to be the greatest dramatist of all time. Some of Shakespeare’s plays, such as Hamlet and Romeo and Juliet, are among the most famous literary works of the world. However, his early works did not match the artistic quality of Marlowe’s dramas. Ben Johnson (1572-1637), another contemporary playwright, wrote that Shakespeare’s “wit was in his own power; would the rue of it had been

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so too”. Shakespeare possessed a large vocabulary for his day, having used 29.066 different words in his plays.

William Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, a small country town. Shakespeare was the eldest son of Mary Arden, the daughter of a local landowner, and her husband, john Shakespeare, a glover and wood dealer. In 1568 John was made a mayor of Stratford and a justice of peace. His wool business failed in the 1570s, and in 1580 he was fined £40, with other 140 men, for failing to find surety to keep the peace.

Shakespeare is assumed to have been educated at Statford grammar School, and he may have spent the years 1580-82 as a teacher for the Roman Catholic Houghton family in Lancashire. At the age of 18, Shakespeare married a local girl, Anne Hathaway, who was eight years older. Their first child, Susannah, was born within six months, and twins Hamnet and Judith were born in 1585. Hamnet, Shakespeare’s only son, died in 1896, at the age of 11.

Hamlet was first printed in 1603. it is Shakespeare’s largest drama, based

on a lost play known as the Ur-Hamlet.

3. His Literary Works A. Histories

1. The First Part of King Henry VI 1590-1 2. The Second of King Henry IV 1590-1 3. The Third of King Henry VI 1590-1 4. The Tragedy of King Richard III 1592-3 5. The Tragedy of King Richard II 1595-6

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6. The Life and Death of King John 1596-7 7. The First Paet of King Henry IV 1597-8 8. The Second Part of King Henry IV 1597-8 9. The Life of King Henry VI 1598-1600

10.King Henry The Eight 1612-13

B. Comedies

1. The Comedy of Errors 1592-3 2. The taming of the Shrew 1593-4 3. The Two Gentlemen of Verona 1594-5

4. Love’s Labor’s lost 1594-5

5. A Midsummer Night’s Dream 1595-6 6. The Merchant of Venice 1596-7 7. Much Ado About Nothing 1598-1600

8. As You Like It 1598-1600

9. Twelfth Night, or What You Will 1598-1600 10. All’s Well That Ends Well 1601-2 11. The Marry of Windson 1600-1

12. Measure for Measure 1604-5

C. Tragedies

1. Titus Andrromius 1593-4

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3. Julius Caesar 1598-1600 4. Hamlet, Prince of Denmark 1600-1

5. Troilou and Cressida 1600-1

6. Othelio, The moor of Venice 1601-2

7. King Lear 1604-5

8. Machbeth 1605-6

9. Anthony and Cleopatra 1605-6

10. Coriolanus 1607-8

11. Timon of Athens 1607-8

D. Romance

1. Pericles, Prince of Tyre 1608

2. Cymbeline 1609

3. The Winter’s Tale 1610-11

4. The Tempest 1611

5. The Two Nogle Kinsmen 1634

E. Non-Dramatic Poetry

1. Venus and Adois 1952

2. A Lover’s Complaint 1592

3. The rape of Lucrece 1593

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5. The phoenic and Turyle 1600-1

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APPENDICES

Appendix 1: The Summary of the Play

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Appendix 2: The Biography of Author

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so too”. Shakespeare possessed a large vocabulary for his day, having used 29.066 different words in his plays.

Hamlet was first printed in 1603. it is Shakespeare’s largest drama, based

on a lost play known as the Ur-Hamlet.

3. His Literary Works A. Histories

1. The First Part of King Henry VI 1590-1

2. The Second of King Henry IV 1590-1

3. The Third of King Henry VI 1590-1

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6. The Life and Death of King John 1596-7 7. The First Paet of King Henry IV 1597-8 8. The Second Part of King Henry IV 1597-8

9. The Life of King Henry VI 1598-1600

10.King Henry The Eight 1612-13

B. Comedies

1. The Comedy of Errors 1592-3

2. The taming of the Shrew 1593-4

3. The Two Gentlemen of Verona 1594-5

4. Love’s Labor’s lost 1594-5

5. A Midsummer Night’s Dream 1595-6

6. The Merchant of Venice 1596-7

7. Much Ado About Nothing 1598-1600

8. As You Like It 1598-1600

9. Twelfth Night, or What You Will 1598-1600

10. All’s Well That Ends Well 1601-2

11. The Marry of Windson 1600-1

12. Measure for Measure 1604-5

C. Tragedies

1. Titus Andrromius 1593-4

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3. Julius Caesar 1598-1600

4. Hamlet, Prince of Denmark 1600-1

5. Troilou and Cressida 1600-1

6. Othelio, The moor of Venice 1601-2

7. King Lear 1604-5

8. Machbeth 1605-6

9. Anthony and Cleopatra 1605-6

10. Coriolanus 1607-8

11. Timon of Athens 1607-8

D. Romance

1. Pericles, Prince of Tyre 1608

2. Cymbeline 1609

3. The Winter’s Tale 1610-11

4. The Tempest 1611

5. The Two Nogle Kinsmen 1634

E. Non-Dramatic Poetry

1. Venus and Adois 1952

2. A Lover’s Complaint 1592

3. The rape of Lucrece 1593

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5. The phoenic and Turyle 1600-1

A Study Of Hamlet’s Hatred Towards Some Of Characters Depicted In Shakespeare’s Play “Hamlet