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of success have been fulfilled, there would be no more cycle to conduct. On the contrary, if the conclusions proved the criteria of success have not been
fulfilled, it needs to move to the next cycle concerning re-planning, re- acting, and re-observing.
D. The Technique of Collecting Data
Before conducting the research, the researcher prepared some instruments. The instruments in this study were observation checklist,
interview, questionnaire sheet, and test pre-test and post-test.
1. Observation Checklist
Observation checklist was a sort of guidelines used to obtain information concerning the activities done by the students during the
teaching and learning process in the class. Observation checklist was used to check whether the students did the scenario they were supposed to do in the
jigsaw technique planned and whether they were enthusiastic, a sign of being highly motivated, in doing activities. The observation checklist was
given to the collaborator who observed and ticked the students’ involvement during the teaching and learning process.
2. Interview
Before implementing CAR the writer asks the teacher to know students’ difficulties in writing skill, students’ condition involving in
writing activity, and the method or kinds of strategies usually adopted by the teacher in teaching writing. The interview also will be carried out after
accomplishing CAR to know the teacher’s response toward the idea of jigsaw technique.
3. Questionnaire
Questionnaire was a written of questions to be answered by the students. This instrument took all students as the respondents. It was applied
both at the preliminary study and at the end of second cycle.
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4. Test
The test used in this study is pre-test and post-test. The pre-test is done before implementing jigsaw
technique. It is to measure students’ ability in writing narrative text at first. Meanwhile, the post-test is
implemented after using jigsaw technique. The test is held on every second action of each cycle
.
E. The Technique of Data Analysis
The techniques of data analysis consists of data from observation, data from interview, data from distributing questionnaire, and data from the
test pre-test and post-test. The analysis qualitative data is used to measure data from observation and interview, while the analysis quantitative data is
used to measure data from questionnaire and tests. In analyzing numerical data, the writer finds out the average of
students’ writing score per action within one cycle. It uses the formula:
6
X
: mean X
i
: individual score n : number of students
Next, to know the class percentage which pass the Minimum Mastery Criterion- Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal KKM 70, the writer uses
the formula:
7
6
Sudjana, Metoda Statistika, Bandung: PT. Tarsito, 2002, p. 67
7
Anas Sudijono, Pengantar Statistika Pendidikan, Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, 2008, p.43
n xi
X
P =
100
N F
