strategy besides the score representing students’ achievement in learning simple past tense.
As the indicator of success is achieved, it is complete and the researcher can stop the action because the goal is reached.
2. Acting phase
In the second phase, the writer and the teacher are collaborating to overcome the solution finding. The researcher uses the determined strategy
while the teacher observes the condition of teaching learning activity. Arikunto assumed that the acting phase should be implemented at least two
cycles continuously; and at the time period for each cycle depends on the material needs that existed in the semester or annual program designed by the
teacher.
4
Related to the statement above, the writer and the teacher agreed that the action would be implemented in two cycles. The action in first cycle was
conducted on May, 17
th
and 21
st
2010. Meanwhile, the action in second cycle was conducted on May 24
th
and 31
st
2010.
3. Observing phase
In this phase, the writer gathers data which she will analyze to decide whether the solution was successful or not. In observing the implementation,
there were some consideration aspects such as instrument and technique of collecting data and validity of data.
4. Reflecting phase
This is the last phase in Kurt Lewin’s cycle in which the teacher and the writer discuss about the implementation and data they gathered. If the
4
Suharsimi Arikunto, Penelitian Tindakan Kelas, Jakarta: Bumi Aksara, 2009, p.21-23.
problem is unfinished in the first cycle or still might have found some problems, so they should plan again a second cycle with the same concept as
the first one; re-planning, re- acting, and re- observing. Hence, all the data should be analyzed by the writer.
D. Technique of Collecting Data
Techniques of collecting data in this research are using qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative is derived from observation within the physical
activity in the classroom and interview to be presented for the teacher. On the other side, the quantitative data in this research uses questionnaire and test in
which the test consists of pre- test and post- test. Here are the explanations:
a. Observation
The writer carried out two sessions of the observation. First, when she tried to find and to understand what problem should be solved immediately.
The method of this observation is real- time observation. This means that the observation is observed and analyzed as the teachinglearning actually
happened without using any electronic means of recalling the data. This is done by simply taking notes. Second, the observation is held during the
CAR. The observation covered three categories during the teaching learning process such as the students’ activities, the students’ involvement and the
teacher response. Here, the English teacher becomes the observer and uses unstructured or opened observation.
b. Interview
Before implementing CAR, the writer asks the teacher considering students’ problems in using the simple past tense and the method usually the
teacher uses in teaching the simple past. After conducting the CAR, the writer also carried out the interview to investigate the teacher’s views and
