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1. Thesis: pernyataan penulis tentang suatu kasus
2. Argument: intipoin perbincangan dan penjelasan dari poininti
3. Reiteration: penguatan dari pernyataan
2. Hortatory Exposition
a. Penulis memberikan opini dan berusaha membujuk pembaca untuk prokontra.
b. Nama lainnya adalah Persuasive.
c. Generic Structure Struktur Umum:
1. Thesis: pernyataan penulis tentang suatu kasus
2. Argument: alasan tentang adanya kepedulian dan mengarah ke saran
rekomendasi 3.
Recommendation: pernyataan
alasanbagaimana sesuatu
seharusnya dilakukantidak dilakukan
CONTOH SOAL
Text 1: SBMPTN 2013 Kode Soal 613 Passage A
School is necessary because it, i rst, makes communication with diverse people essential, as parents do not choose where their children go, and secondly, homeschooling and
extracurricular activities connected to it cannot bring that diversity, for the attending group is self-selecting, rather than ‘uni ltered mixture’. I believe that none of the two assumptions is
warranted nor true. In the i rst place, parents still select schools for their children on the basis of common values,
cultures and achievements. As such, public schools then of er obvious misrepresentations of the society.
Not only that, I think it’s non-sense that homeschooling should somehow get rid of diversity from socialization in sports teams or other clubs. What members of a basketball team
or a debate club share is not race, religion, nor income bracket: it is the desire to participate.
Passage B
Children can perhaps be best described as beings of potential during their schools years. Each child is in the process of discovering their talents and having them be cared for in an
attempt to best reach self-actualization. Under the homeschooling system parents become much more exclusive mentors to
a child, and this can be problematic. Although parents are generally aware of what their children is capable of, their evaluations are not always precise.
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This could be for a number of reasons. First, it may due to the fact that children are predominantly seen in the home environment, limiting their chances to show of their
potential in other situations. It could also be because parents sometimes assume that their children will share the same talents that they had. Simply stated, it would be unreasonable to
assume parents could see the whole pictures.
1. The common theme underlying both passages above is ….
A. arguments against home school education practices B. evidence of several problems with homeschooling
C. reasons why homeschooling should be eliminated D. failure which is associated with homeschooling
E. formal school and home school education
Pembahasan :
Pada passage A terdapat kalimat yang mengatakan bahwa “… I think it’s non-sense that homeschooling should somehow get rid of diversity from socialization in sports teams or other
clubs.” Begitu pula sebaliknya pada passage B ditemukan tentang berbagai kontra terkait dengan adanya homeschooling dalam bidang pendidikan. Sehingga kalimat yang paling
tepat mencakup kedua passage tersebut adalah jawaban A.
Jawaban: A
2. Which of the following statements rel ects a fact mentioned in either passage above?
A. Joining a social club is a matter of wish to participate. B. Interacting with other individuals is very important.
C. Children are individuals with inborn capacity. D. Sports teams are a form of social unit.
E. Parents play a role as a private guru.
Pembahasan :
Melalui kalimat “What members of a basketball team or a debate club share is not race, religion, nor income bracket: it is the desire to participate.” Pada passage A, dapat dikatakan bahwa
faktanya seringkali bukan hanya sekadar mengikuti sebuah klub atau menjadi bagian dari sebuah tim yang diinginkan seorang anak, namun lebih kepada keinginannya untuk
berpartisipasi dan bersosialisasi dengan lingkungan mereka sendiri. Dan hal tersebutlah yang tercermin pada kedua bacaan di atas.
Jawaban: A
3. The idea in passage B which is dif erent from that in passage A is ….
A. thoughts that schools are a medium for individual to socialize freely B. the need to join social events not diversity that homeschoolers seek
C. parents limited understanding of their children’s potentials and talents
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D. parents personal preference to a certain type of school for their children E. wrong assumptions on both home school education and homeschooling
Pembahasan :
Pada passage B dikatakan bahwa orangtua cenderung memiliki pemahaman yang terbatas terhadap potensi serta bakat yang dimiliki oleh anak-anak mereka. Sehingga, seringkali
apa yang menjadi keinginan orangtua menjadi tidak sejalan dengan bakat yang dimiliki oleh anak-anak mereka. Maka, jawaban yang paling mencerminkan passage B adalah
jawaban C.
Jawaban: C
4. The best summary of both passages is ….
A. ideas of school and home school learning are wrong; yet, school is better B. schools are the right medium for socializing; yet, parents are still selective
C. there is no rational support to believe education at home and at school D. children are going their ways to develop their talents and personality
E. parents and teachers make inaccurate evaluation on children’ s talents
Pembahasan :
Kesimpulan yang paling tepat untuk kedua bacaan di atas, terlepas dari permasalahan homeschooling dan bakat yang cenderung salah diarahkan, adalah sekolah merupakan
media yang paling tepat bagi anak uuntuk bersosialisasi; meskipun tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa orangtua pun masih tetap selektif dalam memilih sekolah yang terbaik bagi
mereka.
Jawaban: B
5. If a child’s parents are not able to identify the child’s talents comprehensively, a home
school child’s basketball talent will …. A. never be revealed until the right expert can reveal the child’s talent
B. grow normally because somebody’s talent is not afected by anyone else C. grow little and later it may stop growing at all as there is a little stimulation
D. remain undeveloped because none is able to reveal the child’s potential E. still grow in so far heshe has the need to partake in a basketball team
Pembahasan :
Jika orangtua tidak mampu mengenali bakat dan talenta yang dimiliki dengan baik, maka bakat tersebut akan menjadi hal yang sia-sia dan tidak dapat berkembang karena tidak
ada yang mampu mengembangkan bakat yang dimiliki selain individu itu sendiri.
Jawaban: D
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Text 2: SBMPTN 2013-TKDU Kode Soal 325 Passage A
For those of you now eyeing your cell-phones suspiciously, it is worth nothing that both the National Cancer Institute NCI and the World Health Organization WHO say there
is no evidence to support the assertion that cell-phones are a public health threat. But a number of scientists are worried that has been a dangerous rush to declare cell-phones
safe, using studies they feel are inadequate and too often weighted towards the wireless industry interests. An analysis published by University of Washington neurologist Henry Lai
determined that far more independent studies than industry—funded studies have found at least some type of biological efects from cell-phone exposure.
A strong link between mobiles and cancer could have major public-health implications. As cell-phones make and take calls, they emit low-level-radio-frequency RF radiation.
Stronger than FM radio signals, these RF waves are still a billionth the intensity of known carcinogenic radiation like x-ray. www.time.com
Passage B
A study published in the journal Bioelectromagnetics reported that no statistically signiicant change in the incidence of brain cancers in men and women in England between
1998 and 2007, a time when cell-phones use increased dramatically. But now, new work published this week in the Journal of the American Medical Association
says there is an identiiable efect of cell-phones use in the brain, but it is too early to tell what, if anything, that efect means health-wise.
There has been a lot of controversy of whether cell-phones could increase the temperature of the brain, which in turn could afect energy requirements.
Based on our study, we really cannot infer whether this is a bad or could even have potentially good applications so that—our inding doesn’t illuminate or enlighten that very
important question or whether cell-phone exposure could have detrimental efects. www. npr.org
6. Which of the following relects opinions mentioned in the both passages?
A. There was no increase of brain cancer patients in men and women between 1998- 2007.
B. Statements by NCI and WHO on safe use of cell phones have led to a dangerous rush.
C. There is some type of biological efects from mobile phone exposure. D. Radiation emitted by X-rays is carcinogenic.
E. Mobile phones emit deadly radiation.
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Pembahasan :
Pada kedua bacaan tersebut sama-sama memiliki keterkaitan yakni keduanya menyatakan bahwa terdapat beberapa efek biologis akibat terkena paparan radiasi dari penggunaan
telepon selular yang berlangsung terus-menerus.
Jawaban: C
7. Information in both passages may lead to a hypothesis that ….
A. uncontrolled use of mobile phones will increase carcinogenic stuf in user’s brain B. regular use of mobile cell-phones will increase biological defects not just in the brain
C. the increasing use of mobile phones will result in detrimental efects of their users. D. careless use of mobile phones will increase levels of brains energy consumptions.
E. frequent use of mobile phones will increase the radiation accumulation in the brain.
Pembahasan :
Hypothesis adalah suatu prediksi atau perkiraan atas sesuatu yang sedang diamati saat ini. Dalam hal ini, penggunaan telepon selular secara terus-menerus tanpa disadari, cepat
ataupun lambat, akan memberikan dampak yang sangat besar bagi kesehatan terutama pada otak. Radiasi yang timbul akibat penggunaan telepon selular secara berkala akan
mengakibatkan kerusakan pada otak, syaraf, atau bahkan kanker otak.
Jawaban: E
8. The topic discussed in both passages above is ….
A. the increase in the brain cancer incidences by the mobile phones radiations B. inconclusive empirical indings on the impact of the use of mobile phones
C. recent research indings on radiation by mobile phones on brain damage D. arguments against frequent uses of mobile phones for health reasons
E. issues on the impact of using mobile phones on one state’s health
Pembahasan :
Topik yang terdapat pada kedua bacaan di atas adalah tentang hasil penelitian yang dilakukan baru-baru ini yang mana hasilnya cukup mencengangkan yakni betapa besar
bahaya penggunaan telepon selular bagi otak, bahkan dapat menyebabkan kanker dan penyakit lainnya.
Jawaban: C
9. Both passages are similar in content in terms of addressing ….
A. relation between mobile phones and health B. recent research evidence on cell-phones uses
C. mobile phones potential efects of mobile phone use on users’ brain D. mobile phone use in triggering the brain cancer
E. inding the research on the use of mobile phones
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Pembahasan :
Kedua paragraf di atas memiliki persamaan yakni membahas efek yang ditimbulkan oleh telepon selular terhadap otak penggunanya.
Jawaban: C
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Set 5 Present Tense
Present Tense adalah tenses yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan kejadian yang berlangsung pada saat ini, baik yang sedang terjadi maupun yang telah selesai dan masih
dilakukan hingga saat ini. Secara umum, Present Tense terbagi menjadi empat bagian, yakni:
A. SIMPLE PRESENT
