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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter shows the methodology that has been conducted by the researcher. They are research method, research participants, research setting,
research instruments, data analysis technique, and research procedure. The methodology helps the researcher to solve two problems formulated in this
research.
A. Research Method
The researcher used a qualitative approach to answer two research questions. According to Merriam 2002, the key of qualitative research comes
with the idea that meaning is constructed by individuals in interaction with their world. The researcher investigated the features of constructivist pedagogy which
were built in Bahasa Inggris I Class B by observing the class for one semester. According to Peterson 1992, this observation offered the researcher a useful
form of a “real life” experience in a highly focused and flexible form of learning.
A qualitative approach was chosen in this study because it could provide a deeper understanding of social phenomena than would be obtained from purely
quantitative data Silverman, 2005. There were some types of qualitative research and the researcher employed
a case study in this research. A case study is an intensive description and analysis of a phenomenon or social unit such as an individual, group, or community
31 Merriam Associates, 2002. Yin 2009 states that a case study retains the
meaningful characteristics of individual life cycles, small group behavior, organizational and managerial processes, or school performances. Yusuf 2014
purposes four characteristics of a case study. Firstly, a case study explores a particular unit deeply. Secondly, case study also focuses on every important
aspect in the unit. Therefore, detailed and complete results can be obtained from a case study. Thirdly, it takes a long time and process to discover a case. Fourthly,
case study is descriptive. Fifthly, a case study has heuristic characteristic because a case study can explain the reason of a case what, why, and how. Sixly, the
differences of researchers’ backgrounds will bring different goals of the study. In this study, the researcher analyzed the process of constructivist learning
in the class based on the data collections which were obtained from multiple source information. The researcher conducted classroom observations for one
semester and interviews for all students in Bahasa Inggris I Class B at the end of the semester.
According to Merriam 2002, there are four strategies for promoting validity and reliability in a qualitative research. Those strategies ensure for
adequate treatment in a qualitative inquiry. It can shore up the findings of a study. The researcher employed those four strategies namely:
1. Triangulation
The researcher used triangulation to confirm emerging findings. A qualitative inquiry establishes multiple data collection methods commonly
Merriam, 2002. The researcher collected data through a combination of PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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