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CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter is divided into seven parts. They are the research method, the research setting, the research participants, the instrument and the data gathering
technique, the data triangulation, the data analysis technique, and the research procedure.
A. Research Method
In this research, there are two research problems. The first research question is: How is scaffolding implemented for the 8
th
grade students of SMP Joannes Bosco in writing a recount text? Then, the second research question is:
What are the benefits of scaffolding in writing a recount text for the 8
th
grade students of SMP Joannes Bosco Yogyakarta?
To answer the research questions, the researcher conducted descriptive qualitative research. According to Bogdan and Biklen 1998, descriptive
qualitative research data collection is taken in the form of words or pictures rather than numbers. The data includes the interview transcripts, the fielnotes, the
photographs, the videotapes, the personal documents, the memos, and the other official records Bogdan Biklen, 1998. To answer the first research question,
the researcher described how scaffolding was implemented in SMP Joannes Bosco. Then, to answer the second research question, the researcher distributed
33 the questionnaires in order to gather the information about the benefits that the
students get in writing recount texts after the implementation of scaffolding in their class and did the interviews in order to get the further explanation on
information that the students wrote unclearly. The researcher also analyzed the students’ writings as the supplementary data.
B. Research Setting
The research was conducted in SMP Joannes Bosco. It is located at Jalan Melati Wetan no.21, Baciro, Yogyakarta. There were fifteen classes in this school.
Each class consists of twenty seven until thirty students. The 8
th
grade class Happiness was the class to conduct this research. There were twenty eight
students in this class. The researcher chose this class because it was the only class that was available to be researched due to the limited time. The English teacher
also suggested the researcher to choose this class considering that this class had three times meetings each week. Even though class Happiness was the only class
that was available, it could still represent what the researcher needed since there was a need to have a new technique to teach the students.
C. Research Participants
In this research, there were students of SMP Joannes Bosco and English Language Education Study Program ELESP students as the participants. The
ones who scaffolded the students ’ writings were the ELESP students and the ones
who were scaffolded were SMP Joannes Bosco students. The researcher chose
34 one class VIII Happiness in this study. There were twenty eight students in this
class in the academic year 20142015. ELESP students were also the participants in this study. They were from class C batch 2013 class Critical Reading and
Writing CRW II. The researcher chose students of CRW II because they have been majoring English Language Education Study Program ELESP for two
years. It means that they are considered as more capable students as they are the ones who scaffold the SMP J
oannes Bosco students’ writings. There were fourteen students who were at the same level of writing skill. The ELESP
students’ A score on CRW I were the base to choose the fourteen students. Since there were fourteen ELESP students, one student of ELESP got two writings of
class VIII Happiness to be checked. The ELESP students checked the errors in the use of verbs including linking verbs.
D. Instrument and Data Gathering Technique
The researcher used field notes and teacher interview to answer the first research problem. Then, questionnaire, students
’ interview, and students’ writings were used as the instrument to gather the data for answering the second research
problem. 1.
Field notes The researcher took some notes when the researcher interviewed the
English teacher. The researcher wrote some keywords to what the English teacher said.
