30 d.
A black-and-white cross with gold border Black and white colour on the cross represents negative and positive things
in this world. The cross is pictured in a vertical and a horizontal line. The vertical line symbolizes a strong relation with God while the horizontal line symbolizes
relation with other people. e.
Gold colour Gold colour represents a goal, science, and feeling to adore. As students of
Saint Dominic, students need to have a goal, need to study with feeling to adore so that they become critical and creative in seeking and finding truthfulness.
f. A red-and-white flag
A red-and-white flag is an Indonesian flag. It symbolizes their identity as Indonesian.
g. A Veritas writing
Veritas is the motto of Dominican school in Indonesia. It means truthfulness.
h. A star
There is a star when Saint Dominic is baptized. It is the sign of his passion to always love truthfulness. The star symbolizes person who love truthfulness.
B. Theoretical Framework
In order to conduct the research, the researcher uses the theories of scaffolding, writing, and recount text. This research is using scaffolding as the
technique to be implemented in the writing lesson, especially writing a recount
31 text. Therefore, the theories of scaffolding by Nothern Illinois University, Faculty
Development and Instructional Design Center n.d. are used to identify what types of scaffolding that the researcher uses. It is also used to analyze how the
scaffolding is implemented in SMP Joannes Bosco. The next one is the theory of the advantages of scaffolding from a study of
Instructional Scaffolding to Improve Learning by Nothern Illinois University, Faculty Development and Instructional Design Center n.d.. It is used to explain
that scaffolding has benefits if it is implemented. The researcher relates the advantages of scaffolding from the theory with the benefits of scaffolding that the
students in SMP Joannes Bosco have been through. The next one is the theory of recount text. The theory of language feature in recount text by Hyland 2003 is
also given to give clearer information about the limitation of this research.
32
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter is divided into seven parts. They are the research method, the research setting, the research participants, the instrument and the data gathering
technique, the data triangulation, the data analysis technique, and the research procedure.
A. Research Method
In this research, there are two research problems. The first research question is: How is scaffolding implemented for the 8
th
grade students of SMP Joannes Bosco in writing a recount text? Then, the second research question is:
What are the benefits of scaffolding in writing a recount text for the 8
th
grade students of SMP Joannes Bosco Yogyakarta?
To answer the research questions, the researcher conducted descriptive qualitative research. According to Bogdan and Biklen 1998, descriptive
qualitative research data collection is taken in the form of words or pictures rather than numbers. The data includes the interview transcripts, the fielnotes, the
photographs, the videotapes, the personal documents, the memos, and the other official records Bogdan Biklen, 1998. To answer the first research question,
the researcher described how scaffolding was implemented in SMP Joannes Bosco. Then, to answer the second research question, the researcher distributed
