what is intended to be measured.
5
Meanwhile reliability test is conducted to know how representative, how consistent, and how
replicable is the measurement, means if we administer the test in the other class and in the other time
we still have the same score’s average.
7. Technique of Data Analysis
In analyzing the data, the writer uses statistical calculating of t-test to find out the difference score of students’ achievement in learning listening
by using descriptive video. Data processing is the step to know the result of both experimental class which is using descriptive video in learning
listening as variable X and controlled class without using descriptive video as variable Y, and their differences.
The writer uses comparative technique. The comparative technique is an analysis technique to evaluate hypothesis concerning the differences
between two variable examined statistically. In comparative technique, the variables are compared to recognize
whether or not the differences are significant. The writer uses t-test formula that adapted from Sudjiono before using t-test formula; the writer
has sought some formula below
6
: a.
Determining Mean Variable I X with formula:
M
1
= the average of variables score
∑
= sum of frequency X of the student’s score
N
1
= number of students b.
Determining Mean Variable II Y:
5
Arthur,Hughes,Testing For Language Teachers Second Edition, Cambridge : Cambridge University press,2003 p.26.
6
Anas Sudijono.Pengantar Statistik Pendidikan, Jakarta: PT GrafindoPersada, 2008, p.315
∑
c. Determining Standard Deviation Score of Variable X:
d. Determining Standard Deviation Score of Variable Y:
e. Determining of standard Error mean variable X with formula:
√ SE M
1
= standard error mean of gained score SD
1
= standard deviation of gained score N
= number of students
f. Determining of standard Error mean variable Y with formula: √
SE M
1
= standard error mean of gained score SD
1
= standard deviation of gained score N
= number of students
g. Determining standard error from mean of variable X and variable Y,
with the formula: √
∑
√ ∑
√ ∑
