2.2. Context
The term context has a great deal in a conversation because it can influence the language that the participants use. Levinson 1983 stated that context refers to the
identity of participants, time, and place in which the conversation happens, as well as other aspects that participants possess in the speech event such as belief,
knowledge, and intention p. 5. Meanwhile, Lyon 1977 said that context is concerned with relevant issues that influence the utterance used by participants in
a particular speech event p. 570-572. Context plays a major role to speech situation. It may even be considered as a
rule that sets how a speaker supposes to produce hisher utterances. In fact, when a speaker is bounded by a particular context, heshe is expected to use a particular
form of utterance over the others Mey, 2001, p. 42. The speaker, in this regard, is forced to produce utterance that is appropriate to the context of situation. Hence,
context can also influence the choice of words and deictic expression used by the speakers. For example, although both ‘Aku’ and ‘Saya’ have the same function as
person deixis in which they are used to point the speaker first person, these expressions are used in a different context. The expression ‘Saya’ is often used in
more formal situation while ‘Aku’ is used in less formal situation.
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
In this chapter, the writer will explain the method of this research. Regarding to this, the writer will explain the type and the data of this research. In addition, she
will also explain the methods and techniques used in collecting and analyzing the data.
3.1. Type of Research
This study, based on its goal, is classified into descriptive research since the writer conducts the study by observing, analyzing and describing phenomenon that
occurs. This is in accordance with what explained by Arikunto 2010 in which the descriptive research aims only to describe an object or a particular
phenomenon without causing the object of analysis or the phenomenon to change p. 3. Hence, instead of trying to affect and change the data, the writer tries to
understand the phenomenon and describes it. Aside from that, based on its analysis, this study is also considered as
qualitative research. This is because as Azwar 2009 stated, the analysis of qualitative research is focused on logic which is used to make a conclusion p. 5.
However, for supporting the analysis, the writer also uses numerical data which is considered as quantitative method in order to strengthen the analysis.
Kategori