(IPM) PROGRAM PROTOCOL

4.1.4. MVZ 3 rd FLOOR RISK ZONES FOR PEST DAMAGE

4.1.5. EXAMPLE OF PEST ACTIVITY IN SPECIMEN CASE

The following pictures illustrate what typical evidence of an infestation in a case looks like. In this instance, the specimens did not appear to be damaged. This evidence was found in one o f t h e O c h o t o n a s p . c a s e s d u ri n g t h e s p r i n g o f 2 0 0 9 . T h e t ra y s i n t h i s c a s e , a s w e l l a s t h e s u rro u n d i n g c a s e s , w e re a l l i n s p e c t e d f o r e v i d e n c e o f p e s t a c t i v i t y . A l l s p e c i m e n s a n d t ra y s i n t h i s c a s e w e re f ro z e n u s i n g a ro l l i n g c a s e . T h e “h o m e c a s e ” w a s s p ra y e d w i t h T e m p o b e f o re t h e s p e c i m e n s w e re re t u rn e d t o t h e i r “h o m e c a s e ”.

I n s e ct fr as s ( a. k. a.

f e c e s ) i s u s u al l y

f o u n d i n pi l e s n e a r s p e ci m e n s or

u n d e r n e a t h t h e m.

C a n y ou s p ot t h e t w o pi l e s of f r a s s in t hi s p ic t ur e ?

4.1.5. EXAMPLE OF PEST ACTIVITY IN SPECIMEN CASE ( c o nt .)

A pi l e of f ra s s

is

a p pr ox i m a t e ly 2mm by 2mm wide.

In d iv id ua l pi e c e s of f r a s s

a r e a f r a c t i on of a m il l i m e t e r

in s iz e .

Th is is t h e c a s i n g of a n O dd

B e e t l e ( T hy l od ri a s c ont ra c t us ) la rv a n e x t t o t h e p il e of f r a s s .

Th e s iz e of c a s i ng s c a n v a ry , but a r e g e n e r a l ly no la rg e r t h a n

3 m m l on g .

4.1.5. EXAMPLE OF PEST ACTIVITY IN SPECIMEN CASE ( c o nt .)

C lo s e - u p of O d d

B e e t l e ( T hy l od ri a s contractus) larva

c a s in g .

Th is pi c t u r e il l us t ra t e s t h e r e l a t iv e s iz e of an OddBeetle

Specimens are of t e n m ov e d a r ou nd in t h e c ol l e c t io ns , s o it ʼ s a g oo d i d e a

t o r e c or d t h e specific specimen nu m b e r( s ) t ha t i s

a s s oc ia t e d w it h a p e s t a c t iv it y e v e nt .

4.2.1. MVZ PEST MONITORING AREAS

4.2.2. MVZ PEST INSPECTION LOG

Th e f o ll o w i n g fo r m i s a n e x a mp le o f a n In s p e c t io n L o g fo r t h e c o ll e c t io n s . I t c a n b e u s e d to mo n i to r s p e c i me n c a s e s , r o o ms w i t h li te r a tu r e /b o o k s , a n d o f fic e s .

C o n s id e r u s in g th e i n fo r m a t io n o n th e n e x t p a g e to c o n s tr u c t a n Ex c e l s h e e t w i th th e s a m e o r s i mi la r in fo r ma t io n . To s a v e p a p e r , a n d s k ip a s t e p , p e r s o n s c h e c k in g th e

c o lle c ti o n s c a n u s e a la p t o p c o m p u t e r to e n te r d a ta d ir e c tly to t h e Ex c e l s h e e t w h ile th e y i n s p e c t a r e a s fo r p e s t a c tiv ity .

Al s o c o n s id e r li s t in g th e r a n g e o f M V Z # s th a t a r e in th e tr a y w h e r e y o u fin d p e s t

a c tiv i ty . Sp e c i me n s a r e o ft e n mo v e d a r o u n d s o i t is i mp o r ta n t to c o n n e c t s p e c i fic s p e c i me n s to p a r tic u la r in c id e n c e s o f p e s t a c tiv ity .

4.2.2. MVZ PEST INSPECTION LOG (cont.)

4.2.2. MVZ PEST INSPECTION LOG (cont.)

4.2.3. MVZ IPM ACCOUNTABILITY CONTRACT

I h a v e b e e n ma d e a w a r e o f t h e M u s e u m o f V e r te b r a te Z o o lo g y ʼs ( M V Z) Integra ted Pes t Ma n a g e me n t ( I P M) p o lic ie s a n d I a g r e e to f o llo w th e w r i t te n p o lic ie s a n d p r o c e d u r e s r e g a r d in g p e s t ma n a g e m e n t w i th in t h e M VZ .

I h a v e a ls o b e e n ma d e a w a r e o f th e c o n s e q u e n c e s i f I d o n o t a b id e b y th e I PM p o lic ie s .

To d a y ʼs Da te :

Pr int e d N a m e

S i gn a t u r e

M VZ Po s it i on / La b G ro u p

4.2.4. FOOD POLICY POSTER

What Can I Do Daily To Help Prevent Infestations

In Our Collections?

Please keep any food that you have in a sealed Tupperware/glass/metal container. Do not leave food in

your work area overnight.

Use the available refrigerators whenever possible.

Please do not leave behind partially eaten food.

If you eat at your work area or in a meeting area after the cleaners have emptied the garbage pails, take your garbage

with you when you leave. You can dispose of it in a garbage pail in the main part of VLSB or take it home with you.

Do not let food sit out overnight.

Keep coffee stations and eating areas spotless— wash your dishes, clean up your crumbs and wipe up spills. If you see

a mess, clean it up.

4.2.5. MUSEUM PEST I.D. POSTER

4.3.1. TABLE: LIMITING AND FATAL FREEZING TEMPERATURES FOR COMMON MUSEUM INSECT PESTS LI MI TI N G A N D F A T A L F R E EZI N G T E M P ER A T U R E S F O R C O M M O N M U S E U M INSECT PESTS

L ET H A L T EM P E R A T U R E S TEMPERATURES THAT LIMIT BREEDING &

LO W T E M P HIGH TEMP S P EC I E S

Black Carpet Beetle (Attagenus unicolor)

10 -24

Casemaking Clothes Moth (Tinea pellionella)

Furniture Carpet Beetle (Anthrenus falvipes)

Varied Carpet Beetle (Anthrenus verbasci)

Webbing Clothes Moth (Tineola bisselliella)

9 -18

SC A V E N G ER S / PA P ER

Booklice (Liposcelis sp.)

Cabinet Beetle (Trogoderma ornatum)

Cockroach, American (Periplaneta americana)

Cockroach, Oriental (Blatta orientalis)

2 -8

Firebrat (Thermobia domestica)

Larder Beetle (Dermestes lardarius)

15 <- 2

Silverfish (Lepisma saccharina)

FU R / F EA TH ER S /H ID E

Brown House Moth (Hofmannophila

pseudospretella) Cigarette Beetle (Lasioderma serricorne)

Drugstore Beetle (Stegobium paniceum)

17 -18

Hide Beetle (Dermestes maculates)

6 -23

Odd Beetle (Thylodrias contractus)

Redlegged Ham Beetle (Necrobia rufipes)

W O O D /F U R N I TU R E

Drywood Termite (Incisitermes sp. or

Kalotermes sp.) Furniture Beetle (Anobium punctatum)

True Powderpost Beetle (Lyctus sp.)

54-58

D a ta fr o m : St r a n g , T.J . K . . 1 9 9 2 . A r e v ie w o f p u b l is h e d te m pe r a tu r e s fo r th e c o n tr o l o f p e s t in s e c ts in m u s e u ms . C o l le c tio n s Fo r u m 8 ( 2 ) : 4 1 - 4 7 .

“ —” : D e n o te s n o d a ta a v a il a b le , y e ll o w h i g h l i g h t in g d e n o te s a c tiv e in fe s ta ti o n o f th i s in s e c t s p e c ie s in M VZ w i th i n t h e p a s t 3 y e a r s .

4.3.2. SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION ON FREEZING ITEMS TO EXTERMINATE PESTS

a t le a s t 3 6 h o u r s ( i f y o u in c lu d e t im e to c o o l d o w n a n d fr e e z e , i t is b e s t to l e a v e t h e m in t h e fr e e z e r f o r a t le a s t 4 d a y s ) . O u r fr e e z e r h a s mu l ti p le u s e s a n d it ʼs fr eque ntly o p e n e d d u r in g th e w e e k s o to fu r th e r s a fe g u a r d a n d to s im p l ify t h e p r o c e s s , w e h a v e

d e s ig n e d a p r o to c o l w h e r e i te ms a r e p la c e d in th e fr e e z e r fo r a t le a s t o n e w e e k , w it h ti me s p a n n i n g o v e r a w e e k e n d w h e n t h e fr e e z e r w i ll m o s t l ik e ly b e u n o p e n e d fo r a t le a s t 4 8 h o u r s .

Fo r te mp e r a tu r e s a b o v e - 2 0 °C ( r e g u l a r fr e e z e r s s e t a t - 1 2 °C o r - 8 °C ) , th e li te r a tu r e s h o w s th a t y o u n e e d a t le a s t 1 4 d a y s o f fr e e z in g , a n d fo r r e g u la r fr e e z e r s y o u n e e d to

c y c le t h e s p e c i me n s th r o u g h th e fr e e z in g p r o c e s s tw ic e ( a n d th is s til l ma y b e in e ff e c t iv e ) . F o r th i s r e a s o n , fr e e z in g o b je c t s in o u r - 2 7 °C w a lk - in fr e e z e r is im p e r a tiv e a n d w e c a n n o t a c c e p t s p e c i me n s fr o m t h e o u ts i d e t h a t h a v e b e e n “ fr o z e n ”

a t u n k n o w n te mp e r a tu r e s b e fo r e e n te r i n g t h e mu s e u m .

Fr e e z i n g it e m s fo r 2 4 h o u r s o r le s s r e q u ir e s a te mp e r a tu r e o f - 4 0 °C o r l o w e r . If w e w o u ld l ik e to m o v e to a fa s t e r fr e e z in g p r o c e s s , w e ma y w a n t to c o n s id e r p u r c h a s in g

a n u l tr a - c o ld fr e e z e r . A t t h e s e t e m p e r a tu r e s th o u g h , w e c a n n o t g u a r a n te e t h e s a fe ty

a n d lo n g - te r m s tr u c tu r a l s ta b il i ty o f th e s p e c i me n it s e l f .

4.3.2. SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION ON FREEZING ITEMS TO EXTERMINATE PESTS (cont.)

“ To p r e v e n t d e s ic c a t io n o f ma te r i a ls , c o n d e n s a t io n , a n d th e e s c a p e o f liv e i n s e c ts , i t is v i ta l th a t a l l it e ms fo r fr e e z in g a r e p a c k e d a n d s e a l e d w i th i n a c o mb in e d v a p o u r a n d in s e c t b a r r ie r .” —L in n ie 1 9 9 9 .

IN SU L AT IN G AN D C O O L IN G I SS U E S

In s e c ts n o t o n ly h a v e t h e a b il ity to s u p e r- c o o l , b u t s o me c a n a ls o a c c li ma te t o th e

c o o le r te mp e r a tu r e , g iv e n ti me . “ C o l d a c c l i ma ti o n c o u l d o c c u r i f in fe s te d m a te r ia l is

e x p o s e d to a c o o l e n v ir o n me n t b e fo r e fr e e z i n g o r i f th e te mp e r a t u r e lo w e r s to o s lo w ly

d u r in g th e fr e e z in g p r o c e s s .” ( Fl o r ia n 1 9 9 0 ) . W e n e e d to m a k e s u r e th a t t h e s p e c i me n s b e in g p la c e d i n t o th e fr e e z e r h a v e n o t ju s t c o me fr o m a n e n v ir o n me n t t h a t is c o o l ( i .e . s o me o n e c o mi n g b a c k fr o m a c o l le c t in g tr ip h ig h in th e Sie r r a s d u r in g th e s p r in g ) . Fo r s p e c i me n s c o m in g fr o m a c o l d e r e n v ir o n m e n t, t h e y mu s t b e g iv e n a t le a s t

2 4 h o u r s to a c c l i ma te t o 7 0 °F b e fo r e b e in g fr o z e n .

Th e a b o v e q u o te s tr e s s e s t h a t i n s e c ts h a v e t h e a b i li ty to a c c li m a t e to c o ld e r te mp e r a t u r e s o v e r t i me , w h ic h me a n s t h a t s p e c i me n s c a n n o t b e w e ll i n s u l a t e d w h i le fr e e z in g , b e c a u s e th is w i ll g iv e th e m mo r e t i me t o s u p e r - c o o l /a c c l i ma te to t h e fr e e z e r te mp e r a t u r e . Th e fa s t e r th e fr e e z in g p r o c e s s o c c u r s , th e h ig h e r t h e in s e c t m o r t a li ty r a te . Th u s , w e s h o u ld b e c o n c e r n e d w i th in s u la tio n o f o u r ma te r i a ls t h a t mi g h t im p e d e th e r a p id c o o li n g o f t h e s p e c i me n s . S p e c i m e n s s h o u l d n o t b e w r a p p e d in la y e r s o f

c o t to n o r p a p e r p r o d u c ts w h e n t h e y a r e fr o z e n . To s e p a r a t e l a y e r s o f s p e c i me n s , tr a y s o r s tr ip s o f c o t to n c a n b e u s e d , b u t t h e y s h o u l d n o t b e t ig h tly p a c k e d in to a b o x . Th e r e s h o u l d b e a ir f lo w a r o u n d e a c h s p e c i me n .

D a ma g e t o s p e c i m e ns :

D a ma g e c o me s fr o m - d e h y d r a t io n ( d u r in g fr e e z in g p r o c e s s ) - c o n d e n s a tio n ( d u r in g t h e t h a w in g p r o c e s s ) - w a t e r e x p a n s io n a s i t fr e e z e s i n s i d e w e t m a t e r ia l s ( d u r i n g t h e fr e e z in g p r o c e s s )

Flo r ia n ( 1 9 9 0 ) r e p o r te d th a t d a ma g e to mu s e u m s p e c i me n s a n d ma te r ia l s fo llo w in g

e x p o s u r e o f u p to - 2 0 °C s h o u ld n o t o c c u r i f t h e y a r e a d s o r b e n t a n d fr e e o f mo is tu r e . To a v o id d a ma g e fr o m th e fr e e z i n g p r o c e s s , s p e c i me n s mu s t b e s e a l e d in a n o n -

p o r o u s c o n t a in e r / b a g ( p la s t ic o r me ta l) , c o o le d s te a d i ly to - 2 7 °C , a n d th e n t h a w s s lo w ly , r e ma in in g u n o p e n e d in th e ir c o n ta i n e r u n t il th e y a r e r a is e d b a c k to r o o m te mp e r a t u r e ( u s u a lly t a k e s 2 4 h o ur s p o s t- f r e e z e r ) . D o n o t r e mo v e s p e c i me n s fr o m th e ir c o n ta i n e r i f t h e r e i s s t ill c o n d e n s a tio n o n th e o u ts id e .

Ex p o s u r e to s u b - z e r o t e m p e r a tu r e s r a t h e r th a n r a is e d te mp e r a tu r e s a p p e a r s to b e

fa v o r e d b y mu s e u ms a n d r e c o m me n d a ti o n s e x is t fo r t h e tr e a t m e n t o f m a te r i a l p r i o r to

a n d a ft e r tr e a t m e n t to r e d u c e a n y p o s s i b le d a m a g e .

Sin c e t h e 1 9 8 0 s , s e v e r a l mu s e u ms h a v e s w i t c h e d to fr e e z in g a s th e ir p r i n c ip a l me th o d o f e l i min a t in g p e s ts fr o m m a t e r ia ls , a n d th u s fa r n o d e le te r io u s e f fe c ts h a v e b e e n r e p o r te d i n th e li te r a tu r e .

4.3.2. SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION ON FREEZING ITEMS TO EXTERMINATE PESTS (cont.)

1 . Li mi tin g t he da ma gin g ef fec ts o f de hydra ti on of t he spec i men or fros t for ma tio n o n t h e s p e c i me n d u r i n g th e fr e e z e r s ta y , a s w e ll a s c o n d e n s a tio n o f w a te r o n th e s p e c i me n d u r in g t h e t h a w p r o c e s s .

2 . Li mi tin g dehydr a tion o f t he air the i nsec t is exposed t o whi le in the freezer – th e h ig h e r th e r e la tiv e h u m id i ty is in t h e s e a le d b o x , t h e g r e a te r th e p o s s i b il i ty o f ic e c r y s ta ls f o r min g in th e i n s e c ts ʼ b odi es , he nce kil li ng t he m.

Th e u s e o f s e a le d m e t a l c a s e s is a l s o a n o p t io n , a s lo n g a s th e y a r e s e a le d s o th a t n o

a ir e x c h a n g e c a n o c c u r w h ile th e s p e c i me n s a r e f r o z e n o r w h il e th e c a s e i s

a c c li ma t in g to r o o m t e mp e r a tu r e . S e a l e d p l a s t ic b a g s m a y a ls o b e u s e d fo r l a r g e r o b je c ts th a t n e it h e r f i t in p la s tic b o x e s o r me t a l c a s e s .

Pa c k in g s p e c im e n s to b e fr o z e n i n w o o d e n b o x e s , c a r d b o a r d b o x e s , o r a n y o t h e r p o r o u s ma te r i a l i s p r o h ib i te d .

Sp e c i me n s m a y n o t e x p e r ie n c e d a ma g e fr o m b e in g e x p o s e d to th e o p e n a ir in ju s t o n e

c y c le o f fr e e z in g , b u t r e p e a te d e x p o s u r e c a n le a d to s p l i tt in g in s tu d y s k in s a n d mo u n ts . Bo n e s s h o u ld n o t e x p e r ie n c e a n y d a m a g e u n le s s th e y h a v e mo is tu r e tr a p p e d in s i d e b e fo r e fr e e z in g .

Fr e e z i ng w o od pr od uc t s a nd pa p e r pr od uc t s :

Th e b e s t- c a s e s c e n a r io w o u ld b e t h a t a ll o f o u r w o o d e n b o x e s a r e h e a t t r e a te d t o

e li mi n a te th e p o s s ib il ity o f p e s t s ( a s fr e e z i n g i s le s s e f fe c tiv e ) . D o t o o u r la c k o f

h e a tin g f a c i li tie s , a l l b o x e s a n d p a c k a g in g ma te r ia l s mu s t b e fr o z e n fo r t w o w e e k s , in s te a d o f o n e to fu r th e r e n s u r e p e s t d e a t h . To e li m in a te t h e r i s k o f c o n d e n s a tio n

d a m a g e , p la c e th e s e it e m s in s e a le d p la s t ic b a g s o r p la s tic b o x e s b e fo r e fr e e z in g .

Ex p e ri m e n t s o n t e m p e ra t ur e a n d r e la t iv e h u m id it y in ou r - 2 7 ° C w a l k - i n f r e e z e r:

D a ta l o g g e r s w e r e p l a c e d i n o u r fr e e z e r b o th o n a s h e l f a n d in s id e me ta l r o lli n g s p e c i me n c a s e s to r e c o r d te mp e r a tu r e a n d r e la tiv e h u m id i ty ( R H ) c h a n g e s o v e r ti me . Th e r e s u lt s s h o w e d th a t o u r fr e e z e r h a s te mp e r a tu r e c y c le s , w h e r e th e te mp e r a tu r e lo w e r s to - 2 7 °C a n d th e n c y c le s u p to a b o u t 0 °C fo u r t im e s a d a y . T h e s e c y c le s h e l p th e k i ll in g p r o c e s s , b u t e mp h a s iz e t h e n e e d fo r a l l i te ms t o b e p r o p e r ly p la c e d in to p la s tic b o x e s to r e d u c e c o n d e n s a tio n a n d fr o s t- fo r mi n g d a ma g e o n s p e c i me n s .

4.3.3. RESULTS FROM PAT KELLEY CONSULTATION, 21 APRIL 2008

h ig h ly fu n c tio n i n g a n d o r g a n iz e d u n d e r g r a d ( o r r e c e n tl y g r a d u a te d ? ) . A ft e r th a t , o n c e th e r o u t in e is s e t, w o r k i t in to t h e c u r a to r i a l fu n c t io n in g . W e n e e d th e v ig i la n c e o f s t a f f c u r a t o r s a n d c u r a to r i a l a s s is ta n ts w h o a r e a c tiv e ly w o r k in g w it h t h e c o l le c t io n . • Thi s pe r s on w i ll nee d a ha nd lens , and ac c es s to a d is s ec ti ng s c ope ( l it tl e

ID s t a t io n w i th c o mp u te r fo r d a ta e n tr y ) • Tr ai nin g on pes t ID , ac c es s to r e fer e nc es a n d ti me to r ead u p on the la tes t

in p e s t m a n a g e me n t a n d c o n tr o l ( u s e Mu s e u m p e s ts .n e t w e b s i te , SPN H C r e a d i n g , a n d o th e r p u b lic a ti o n s )

• When ID - i ng pes ts , do nʼ t s pe nd f orev er on a ll b ug s

a . Is i t a museu m pe st? If susp ected , ID bug

b . Is there a l ot o f the par ticular bug ? If s o, the n ID for prob le m solv ing

c . If i tʼ s no t a su spec ted museu m pes t, a nd no t in larg e nu m bers , d o n ot ID to s p e c ie s , j u s t n o te g e n e r a l d e s c r ip t io n ( “ s ma l l fly in g i n s e c t, n o n

b e e t le ” )

2 . Set up a bui ldi ng pes t co m m ittee tha t inc lud es repr esen ta tives fro m eac h ma jor in s ti tu tio n i n th e b u ild in g – U C MP , H e r b a r i a , L ib r a r y , Bu ild in g Ma n a g e r , I B , MC B , Es s ig , U .C . P e s t Ma n a g e me n t – c o u ld j u s t b e a m a il in g li s t t h a t a le r ts k e y me mb e r s o f p e s t is s u e s .

3 . Al l s ticky a nd l igh t trap s ge t m oni tore d on a mo nthly (or every 2-6 mon th s

d e p e n d in g o n o u r s ta ff r e s o u r c e s – n o lo n g e r th a n s ix mo n th s ) b a s is – a r e a s th a t a r e in fe s te d a r e mo n i to r e d e v e r y tw o w e e k s . • St ic k y tr a p pl ac e men t – a t le as t one i n eac h c as e, no need for on es o f fl oor

o r o n to p o f c a s e s in c o l le c t io n . Pu t o u t 1 8 s tic k y tr a p s in d e s i g n a te d a r e a s ( s e e n o ta te d ma p ) . Ex tr a in c a s e s o f s p e c ia l c o n c e r n . A ls o p l a c e s tic k y tr a p s i n f o o d r o o m s a n d o n e in e a c h a r e a o f s tu d e n t o f f ic es ( N E , N W , SE ,

a n d SW p a r t o f th e m u s e u m in r o o ms w i th t h e mo s t fo o d p o te n ti a l) . P la c e s e v e r a l i n G M L . Pla c e in c o r n e r s o f c o l le c tio n r o o ms ( i f h i g h tr a f f ic a r e a , g e t me ta l c o v e r s t o p r o te c t s t ic k y tr a p s ) . D o n o t s e t s tic k y tr a p s in a r e a s t h a t

a r e d if f ic u l t to c h e c k , o r s e t to o ma n y – y o u d o n ʼt wa nt the progr a m to be o v e r w h e l min g o r i mp o s s ib le t o h a n d le .

• K eep trac k o f li gh t and s tic k y tra p loc a ti ons i n a d at ab as e • Pr op er ly ide nt i fy s p ec ies f ound in tr aps ( us e E s s ig Mus eu m of E n to molo gy

fo r r e fe r e n c e i f d i ff ic u l t) • Al l d at a c o llec ted i n the bug da tab as e for r ev iew an d l ong ter m pa t ter n

mo n i to r i n g p u r p o s e s , r e p o r t s ma d e e v e r y s ix mo n th s fo r c u r a t o r s • St ic k y tr a ps r epl ac ed w h en t hey loos e s tic k ines s ( ev er y s ix mo nt hs to a

y e a r ) , lig h t tr a p b u lb s g e t r e p l a c e d e v e r y y e a r

4.3.3. RESULTS FROM PAT KELLEY CONSULTATION, 21 APRIL 2008 (cont.)

• Ev er y t i me a s tic k y tr ap ( or s tic k y pa per in a li gh t tr a p) is s et , t he da te ge ts w r it te n o n i t. An y ti me a b u g is f o u n d , it ʼ s circle d so th a t we k now it ʼs

a lr e a d y b e e n n o te d . In c a s e s o f v e r y h i g h v o lu me s o f b u g s o n s t ic k y tr a p s , to ta l # o f c e r ta in s p e c ie s g o e s o n b a c k w it h d a te ( in s te a d o f c ir c l in g a ll o f th e m) .

4 . Museu m ne eds a gener al vacuu m ing o f rooms every six mon th s – focus on

g e t ti n g d u s t b u n n ie s a n d h a ir o f f o f flo o r a n d o u t o f c o r n e r s i n c o ll e c t io n s

a r e a s . D o n ʼ t worry a bou t of f ices . V acuu m n eeds t o be cle aned ou t a f ter every v a c u u m . T h e ma in c o n c e r n is to a v o id h a ir a c c u mu l a tin g o n f lo o r s , b e c a u s e i t ʼs

a ma jo r f o o d s o u r c e fo r b u g s .

5 . Bo ne Roo m – se t up t wo tra ps , o ne o n e ithe r side o f the en tra nce o n the floor . Mo n i to r te m p e r a tu r e a n d h u mi d i ty mo r e o ft e n .

6 . Mou nts in mus eu m – ch eck the m for pe st iss ues once a year ( inclu des hang in g mo u n ts a n d mo u n ts i n li b r a r y ) .

7 . Are as of s peci al conc ern • Sign s ar e hun g up in the ar ea s o f s pec ia l c onc ern – no t if ic a tio n o f w ha t t o

d o i f s o me o n e s e e s a b u g , a n d a ls o i n f o o n fo o d s to r a g e , e tc . N o t ic e s fo r r o o m s th a t a r e in fe s t e d “ Ple a s e d o n o t r e m o v e s p e c i m e n s fr o m t h is r o o m w it h o u t c o n ta c ti n g c u r a to r ia l – ma y b e in fe s t e d . A le r t ST A F F C U R A T O R S i f y o u s e e a b u g , d o n o t k i ll i t ! Tr y t o c a tc h i t a n d p la c e in a v i a l .”

• Ei leen ʼs O f fic e :

a . Four l igh t tra ps se t i n there ( 2 in m ain office, 2 in a nte roo m) o n 22 Ap r il 2 0 0 8 ( c h e c k e v e r y w e e k fo r t h e f ir s t m o n th , th e n mo n t h ly )

b . Clean ou t drawer s th at ha d candy in the m (there are so me can dy p ie c e s th a t s h o u ld b e r e mo v e d a n d th e r e a r e t w o d r a w e r s w i th c a n d y

c r u mb s in th e m)

c . Vacuu m up the d ead bugs (i n o ffice an d a nte roo m) and cle an the w in d o w s i ll

• Fur R o o m:

a . Vacuu m flo ors wi th h epa- fil ter vac (e mp ty ou t a fterwar ds)

b . Spray fl oors (u nder s helv ing an d arou nd a l l of the wr ack sup por ts w it h C y f lu t h r i n ) . Ad d a n i n s e c t g r o w th r e g u la to r i n to t h e m ix ( “ N y g u a r d ” ) , s t o p s la r v a e fr o m tu r n i n g in t o a d u lt s ( fo r lo n g te r m p r o b l e m s o lv i n g – ma k e s i t s o in 3 - 5 y e a r s w e w o n ʼ t hav e th e next

g e n e r a t io n ) .

c . Mon i tor te m pera ture a nd hu mi di ty more fr equ ently ( once a mon th ).

d . Fi t do ors w ith bru sh s tr ips to reduce th e i n-flow o f pes ts fro m the

h a l lw a y

e . Pour w ater d own the flo or drai n and the n m in eral oi l to s eal i t.

4.3.3. RESULTS FROM PAT KELLEY CONSULTATION, 21

APRIL 2008 (cont.)

f. Mon i tor si tu ation c arefully wi th Der me stid l a rval mon itors an d s ticky tr a p s ( e v e r y tw o w e e k s ) – b u y mo r e o r m o v e a r o u n d i f y o u ʼre n ot fin d i n g a n y b u g s . I f y o u h a v e n ʼ t go tten a n ythi ng i n the tr aps i n a mo n th , mo v e th e tr a p s o r p u r c h a s e m o r e . I f y o u d o g e t s o me t h i n g ,

g . Pu t sticky tra ps for mic e on ei ther si de of entr ance door . (we do nʼ t w a n t mic e g e tt in g in th e r e ! Ev e n ju s t o n e mo u s e c a n c a u s e a lo t o f

d a m a g e .)

h . Wors t cas e sce nar io ( m any m any th in gs i nfes ted) – r en t a r e fr i g e r a ti o n tr u c k a n d lo a d a l l i te ms i n t h e r e a n d t h e n fu mi g a te tr u c k o f fs i te ( u s e s u lf u r y l f lu o r id e ( 1 d a y n e e d e d ) o r Ph o s p h i n e ( 3 d a y s n e e d e d , c o p p e r c o r r o s iv e ) – w h i le i te ms a r e o u t , s p r a y r o o m w i th

C y flu th r in a ll o v e r th e p la c e , a n d th o r o u g h ly c le a n .

i. Long Ter m Mon it orin g – UV li gh t tr ap ( 1 pe r room) and sticky trap s ( s e t u p in a g r id p a t te r n ) c h e c k e d o n c e a m o n th . V a c u u m r o o m w h e n n e e d e d ( w h e n e v e r h a ir b e g in s to b u i ld u p u n d e r p e l ts ) .

• Libr ar y – pl ac e s tic k y traps i n fie ld not ebo ok c as es an d mon i tor the m a t le a s t o n c e a mo n t h .

• Teac h ing C ol lec tion : 2 s tic k y tr aps o n floo r , on in eac h c as e , lig ht m oni tor in r o o m ( c h e c k o n c e a mo n th ) .

• C as es w i th ex ti nc t s pec ie s or im por tan t r es ear c h s pec i mens – plac e

a d d i ti o n a l tr a p s i n th e s e a n d m o n i to r th e m o n c e a mo n th . • N es ts – th es e s p ec i men s s hou ld be mon i tor e d o n a mo nt hly b as i s . • J im Pa t ton ʼs Area :

a . Vacuu m flo ors wi th h epa- fil ter vac (e mp ty ou t a fterwar ds)

b . Ad d fo ur s ticky trap s on fl oor nex t to w al ls o r next to me ta l cas es for mo n i to r i n g

c . Spray floors (a long the fr on t o f c ases , an d around bor ders of cas es w it h C y f lu t h r i n ) .

d . Star t a rol li ng fr eezi ng pl an – f reeze two cas es of ma teri als a t a t i me , w h il e fr e e z in g m a te r ia ls , s p r a y th e c a s e in te r io r w i th C y flu th r in .

e . Once al l cas es h ave been froz en and their in teri ors s praye d, t he p es t p r o b l e m in t h a t r o o m s h o u ld b e s o lv e d .

f. Contain me nt – preve nt t he s pread o f bug s b y not al low ing spec i mens fr o m th a t r o o m to fr e e ly f lo w t h r o u g h o u t mu s e u m ( n o t b e tr a n s p o r t e d

e ls e w h e r e ) .

8 . Freezi ng Reg im e m ain ta ine d – • C ondens a tio n, fr e ez e- t haw c y c les , d ehy d rat ion , a nd s w ell in g do not s ig n if ic a n t ly a f fe c t c o l le c t io n s i te ms p r o p e r ly p r e p a r e d in s e a l e d p la s tic

b a g s ( ma k e s u r e n o it e m s a r e w e t o r h a v e h ig h mo is tu r e c o n te n t b e fo r e fr e e z in g ) . • Te mper atur e ok t o fluc tua te be tw e en - 17 an d - 26 C a s long as t he fr e ez in g p r o c e s s is fa s t ( g o i n g fr o m r o o m te m p to fr e e z in g in a d a y ) , a n d t h e r e is

a d e q u a te a ir c ir c u la tio n a r o u n d th e it e ms ( n o t to o d e n s e ly p a c k e d ) .

4.3.3. RESULTS FROM PAT KELLEY CONSULTATION, 21

APRIL 2008 (cont.)

• It e ms ne ed to re ma in froz en for 1 w eek . Pe l ts , an d s h ip pin g ma ter i als , a nd ite ms w i th a lo t o f in s u la ti o n n e e d to b e fr o z e n fo r 2 w e e k s .

• A ft er freez in g, i te ms are the n tra ns ferred i nt o the w a lk - in fr i dge f or 1 day to s lo w ly w a r m , th e n t o th e Q u a r a n tin e R o o m fo r o n e w e e k ( a l l w h il e s ti ll in p la s tic b i n s /b a g s ) . Ite m s s h o u ld b e c h e c k e d fo r b u g s w h e n b e in g r e m o v e d fr o m t h e Q u a r a n ti n e R o o m .

• It e ms s h ould nev er be pu t in the w alk - in fr i dge be for e fr e ez in g! ! ( th is w il l

g iv e t h e b u g s a c h a n c e to s u p e r - c o o l.) • I mpr ov e m en t: ac quir e 2 c a rts for freez i ng w it h s he lv in g and s o m e k ind o f

s e a le d s y s te m – lo a d th e c a r t u p , s e a l , r o ll it in t h e fr e e z e r , le a v e in fo r a w e e k , t h e n r o ll in to fr id g e , t h e n q u a r a n t in e r o o m – m in im iz e s h a n d l in g o f s p e c i me n s , a n d th e s p e c i me n s c a n r e ma in o n tr a y s th e w h o le ti me .

• I mpr ov e m en t: w he n s tude nt s ar e unp ac k in g loa ns , as t hey i ns p ec t for

d a m a g e , t h e y a ls o i n s p e c t f o r b u g s a n d i f t h e r e a r e a n y s ig n s , s h o w Mo n ic a ,

a n d t h e n c l e a n o f f b e fo r e fr e e z in g .

9 . An oxia Tre atme nt – “ Oxyge n Sc aveng er” Tr eatme nt (use fac t s hee t fro m the Mu s e u m s P e s ts .n e t w e b s i te )

• Thi s i s for s m al ler it em s tha t ar e s o del ic a te y ou do nʼ t w an t to r is k f r eez i ng damage

• Tak es l onge r – 1 m on th

1 0 . Synthe tic Pyre thro ids purc has ed an d used to contain in fes ta tio ns . (M ake sure w e h a v e p r o p e r e q u ip me n t fo r a p p l ic a ti o n . M a r g a r e t f r o m p e s t ma n a g e me n t c a n

h e lp w it h t h is , b u t p e r h a p s Mo n ic a w il l g e t p r o p e r e q u ip me n t t o o .) • Thes e ar e s h or t liv ed ( c om par e d to o ld- ti m e nas ty c he mic als – only l as t

a b o u t 3 mo n t h s ) a n d a r e w a te r o r o i l b a s e d s p r a y s ( y o u mix th e m w i th water). • They hav e low ma m mal ia n tox ic i ty and o nc e dr y , on ly ef fec t peo ple i f they to u c h i t . • C an be us ed to s pr ay f loor s , in s ide s of emp ty c as e s , b or der o f c as es ( a r o u n d s e a ls ) . • Wil l ef fec t iv ely c rea te a barri er for b ug tr av el .

1 1 . Educ ation ma teri als po sted – bug pos ter s put up on Quar an tin e Room , in

C u r a to r ia l Ar e a ( b y b a t h r o o m o n b u l le tin b o a r d ? ) , a n d So me w h e r e e ls e w h e r e p e o p le w i ll s e e it ( G ML ? ) . • E mai ls s e nt ou t w h en w e h av e an i nf es ta tio n • Fly er s pu t in ma ilb ox es of s ta f f a nd s tu de nts ( us e t he Mu s eu ms Pes t .N e t

p o lic y te m p la te a n d a ls o l o o k u n d e r r e s o u r c e s /r e fe r e n c e d o c u me n ts a s mo d e ls ) w h e n o u tb r e a k s h a p p e n o r w h e n ma j o r fo o d o r b u g g y is s u e s a r is e .

• C ur ator Mee t ing up da tes

4.3.3. RESULTS FROM PAT KELLEY CONSULTATION, 21

APRIL 2008 (cont.)

It e m s f or t h e M VZ P e s t Ma na g e m e nt B ud g e t :

- Fi t a ll d o o r s l e a d in g fr o m o u ts i d e in to th e mu s e u m w it h d o o r b r u s h e s ( Pa t K e l le y k n o w s o f s o me v e n d o r s ) [ th e s e w ill h a v e t o b e r e p la c e d in a b o u t 1 0 y e a r s ]

• s ide do ors on n ort h and s ou th s i de o f m us eum o f fic e area s (s oun d r oo m,

h a l lw a y n e a r Bo w ie ʼs o f fice , Kl i tz o f fice , an d door i n a m phi bi aweb s ta tio n = 4 doors)

• door l ead ing in to th e fur a nt e r oo m fr o m ha ll w ay , an d doo r le adi ng in to the fur r o o m ( =2 d o o r s )

- If Ma r g a r e t d o e s n ʼ t have ti me to do the spr aying , look i nto g etti ng prop er e qui pm en t ( g lo v e s – c h e mic a l r e s is ta n t g lo v e s , r e s p ir a t o r fo r p e s tic i d e s a n d o r g a n ic v a p o r s ( $ 5 0 , EH &S) , a n d p u m p s p r a y e r ( g e t o n e fr o m g a r d e n i n g s to r e – w o n ʼ t h ave the am oun t o f

c o n tr o l t h a t w e ʼd p refer, or Mar gare t?) e tc .) for Cy-kick or Tem po (ac tive i ngre die nt i s

- lig h t tr a p s ( d o n ʼt n eed to purch ase more) – bulb s need to be re plac ed on a yea rly

b a s i s , s tic k y s h e e ts e v e r y s ix mo n t h s ( a nn ua l c o s t of bu l bs a nd s t i c k y s h e e t s ?)

- r o u ti n e p u r c h a s e o f s tic k y tr a p s ( c os t ( “ Tra pp e r Mo n it o rs ” $ 5 0 f or c a s e of 1 0 0 / 3 0 0

a t i ns e c t s l i m it e d) ? C ov e r e d b y P e s t M a n a g e m e nt ?)

- g e t tr a y s t h a t fi t in s id e t h e p l a s tic b o x e s fo r s k in s to g o o n , o r s e t u p s o me k in d o f z in c c a s e s y s te m i n s i d e th e fr e e z e r ( w it h g i a n t s e a l a b l e b a g s ? – Pa t h a s a s u p p l ie r fo r th e s e , g i a n t r e - s e a l a b l e b a g s ) … O R – g e t t w o b i g r o lli n g c a r ts t h a t a r e p la s tic a n d s e a l a b le , w it h tr a y in s e r ts . ( c os t of e q u ip m e nt ?)

- p u r c h a s e la r g e c le a r p la s t ic b a g s fo r u s e in p e s t is o la tio n ( c o s t ?)

4.3.4. MVZ 3 rd FLOOR LAYOUT WITH CURRENT LOCATIONS OF LIGHT TRAPS

4.3.5. GUIDES TO MUSEUM PEST IDENTIFICATION AND CONTACT INFO FOR MUSEUM PEST SPECIALISTS

Th e r e is a m p le p u b l is h e d a n d o n li n e i n fo r ma ti o n to g u id e y o u in le a r n in g h o w to id e n ti fy mu s e u m p e s t s a n d s ig n s o f i n f e s ta tio n s .

C u r r e n t ly , t h e r e a r e a ls o p o s te r s o f c o m m o n mu s e u m p e s ts in N o r t h A me r ic a p o s t e d th r o u g h o u t t h e 3 rd flo o r Mu s e u m .

Al s o , w e a r e fo r tu n a te e n o u g h t o h a v e a w o n d e r fu l En to mo lo g y mu s e u m in t h e Va lle y L if e Sc ie n c e B u il d in g . Bo th Mo n ic a Alb e a n d I h a v e c o n s u l te d w i th th e C o l le c tio n Ma n a g e r , C h e r y l Ba r r , fo r p e s t id e n ti fic a t io n a n d s h e h a s a lw a y s b e e n v e r y fr i e n d ly ,

h e lp fu l a n d i n f o r ma tiv e .

O n l in e :

P e s t Ma na g e m e nt W o r k in g G r o u p: h t t p : / / m u s e u m p e s ts .n e t

B ug G u i d e : h tt p :/ /b u g g u i d e .n e t

ht t p: / / in s e c t s l i m it e d .c o m .

D u r in g t h e s p r in g o f 2 0 0 8 , th e G e n e r a l M a n a g e r o f In s e c t s L i mi te d , Pa t K e ll e y , w a s h i r e d a s a c o n s u l ta n t to d e te r m in e t h e b e s t s o lu tio n fo r a n

a c tiv e in fe s ta t io n .

S PN H C : S o c ie ty f o r th e Pr e s e r v a ti o n o f N a tu r a l H is to r y C o lle c tio n s ht t p: / /1 4 0 .2 4 7 . 9 8 .8 7 / ?q = in d e x . ht m l

W e b s it e h a s o p t io n to s i g n u p fo r t h e ir l is ts e r v e .

Pu b lis h e d :

A G u id e to Mu s e u m Pe s t Pr o to c o l b y L y n d a A. Zy c h e r ma n a n d J . R ic h a r d Sc h r o c k . Pa g e s 5 3 - 8 1 .

O n C a mp u s :

U .C . B e r k e l e y P h y s ic a l Pla n t- C a m p u s Se r v ic e s ( Pe s t Ma n a g e me n t) Ma r g a r e t H u r l b u r t :

Ph o n e : 5 1 0 - 6 4 2 - 0 8 7 8

E ma i l : h u r l b u r t @ b e r k e le y .e d u

Es s ig Mu s e u m o f E n t o m o lo g y st

1 F lo o r VL S B

R o s e m a r y G il le s p ie , D ir e c to r

Ph o n e : 5 1 0 - 6 4 2 - 3 4 4 5

E ma i l : g i lle s p i @ n a tu r e .b e r k e le y .e d u

C h e r y l Ba r r , Sr . M u s e u m Sc i e n tis t /C o l le c tio n Ma n a g e r

Ph o n e : 5 1 0 - 6 4 3 - 0 8 0 4

E ma i l : c b a r r @ n a tu r e .b e r k e le y .e d u

4.3.5. GUIDES TO MUSEUM PEST IDENTIFICATION AND CONTACT INFO FOR MUSEUM PEST SPECIALISTS (cont.)

Ex a mp le o f I n fo r m a t io n Fo u n d O n lin e :

4.3.6. MVZ IPM PROGRAM MANUAL REFERENCES

O n C a m p us

1 Pe s t in fe s t a t io n in fo r ma tio n p r o v id e d b y Ma r g a r e t H u r l b u r t o f U .C . Be r k e l e y Pe s t Ma n a g e me n t Se r v ic e s a s w e l l a s fr o m s ta f f me mb e r s o f t h e Bi o s c ie n c e a n d N a tu r a l

R e s o u r c e s L i b r a r y i n V L S B , t h e H e r b a r iu m a n d th e Mu s e u m o f Pa l e o n to l o g y .

W e bs it e s / W e b D o c u m e nt s

Bu g G u id e : h t tp :/ / b u g g u id e .n e t

In s e c ts L i mi te d ( v e n d o r /c o n s u l ti n g /e d u c a t io n ) : h tt p : / /w w w . in s e c t s li m it e d .c o m

Mu s e u m C o n s e r v a ti o n In s ti tu te : h t t p : / /w w w . s i .e d u / mc i /

2 MSD S s h e e ts fo r p e s tic id e s th a t h a v e b e e n c o m mo n ly u s e d in mu s e u ms ( a r s e n ic , me r c u r ic c h l o r id e , th y mo l, D D T , e t h y le n e o x id e , d ic h l o r v o s [ Va p o n a , D D V P] ,

n a p h th a le n e , p a r a d ic h lo r o b e n z e n e [ PD B ]) w e r e r e fe r e n c e d . MSD S s h e e ts a r e

a v a i la b le o n lin e .

3 N a t io n a l Pa r k Se r v ic e Mu s e u m H a n d b o o k , p a r t 1 , Mu s e u m C o ll e c t io n s . C h a p te r 5 :

B io lo g ic a l I n f e s t a tio n s ( p a r t D ) . O n l in e v e r s io n :

h t tp : // w w w .n p s .g o v /h is to r y / mu s e u m /p u b lic a t i o n s / MH I / mu s h b k l .h t ml .

N a t io n a l Pa r k Se r v ic e Mu s e u m H a n d b o o k , p a r t 1 , Mu s e u m C o lle c ti o n s . C h a p te r 4 : Mu s e u m C o lle c ti o n s En v ir o n me n t . O n li n e v e r s io n :

h t tp : // w w w .n p s .g o v /h is to r y / mu s e u m /p u b lic a t i o n s / MH I / mu s h b k l .h t ml .

Pe s t Ma n a g e me n t W o r k in g G r o u p : h t tp :/ /w w w . mu s e u mp e s ts .n e t

Pe s t Pr o d u c ts Ve n d o r : h t tp : / /w w w . p e s tp r o d u c ts o n li n e .c o m

St ic k y Tr a p s Ve n d o r : h t tp : // w w w .c a tc h m a s te r .c o m

Pu b li s h e d Li t e r a t u r e

Ap p e l b a u m , B. . 1 9 9 1 . G u i d e to En v ir o n me n ta l Pr o te c tio n o f C o lle c t io n s . So u n d Vie w Pr e s s .

Be r g h , J . E . e t . a l. . 2 0 0 6 . A c o n tr i b u t io n to s t a n d a r d s fo r fr e e z in g a s a p e s t c o n tr o l me th o d fo r mu s e u m s . C o lle c ti o n Fo r u m 2 1 ( 1 - 2 ) : 1 1 7

C a r r le e , E. . 2 0 0 3 . D o e s lo w - t e mp e r a tu r e p e s t ma n a g e me n t c a u s e d a ma g e ? L it e r a tu r e r e v ie w a n d o b s e r v a tio n a l s tu d y o f e th n o g r a p h ic a l a r ti f a c ts . J o u r n a l o f t h e A me r ic a n In s ti tu te fo r C o n s e r v a tio n 4 2 : 1 4 1 - 1 6 6

4 D o v e , C . 1 9 9 5 . Ev a lu a tio n o f a n in te g r a te d p e s t ma n a g e me n t p r o g r a m, D iv is io n o f

B ir d s , U .S . N a tio n a l Mu s e u m o f N a tu r a l H is to r y . C o l le c t io n Fo r u m 1 1 ( 1 ) : 2 8

4.3.6. MVZ IPM PROGRAM MANUAL REFERENCES (cont.)

i n t e r n a ti o n a l c o n fe r e n c e J u ly 4 - 7 1 9 9 5 . B a n g k o k , Th a il a n d . Pg . 334.

Pi n n i g e r , D . B . . 2 0 0 1 . Pe s t ma n a g e me n t in m u s e u m s , a r c h iv e s a n d h is to r ic h o u s e s . Ar c h e ty p e P u b l ic a tio n s .

5 Pi n n i g e r , D . . 2 0 0 3 . Sa v i n g o u r tr e a s u r e s - c o n tr o ll in g mu s e u m p e s ts w i th te m p e r a tu r e

e x tr e me s . Pe s tic id e O u t lo o k 1 4 : 1 0 - 1 1 .

Po o l, M . . 1 9 9 7 . Pr e li mi n a r y a n a ly s is o f t h e e f fe c ts o f c o ld s to r a g e o n fu r g a r me n ts a n d ma m ma l s k in s . C o lle c ti o n F o r u m 1 3 ( 1 ) : 2 5

R a je n d r a n , S . a n d Pa r v e e n , K . M.H . . 2 0 0 5 . I n s e c t i n f e s ta tio n in s to r e d a n i ma l p r o d u c ts . J o u r n a l o f Sto r e d Pr o d u c ts R e s e a r c h 4 1 : 1 - 3 0

R o s s o l , M . e t . a l . . 1 9 9 6 . N o ma g ic b u lle ts : Sa fe a n d e t h ic a l p e s t ma n a g e me n t s tr a te g ie s . J o u r n a l o f Mu s e u m Ma n a g e me n t a n d C u r a t o r s h ip 1 5 ( 2 ) : 1 4 5

So c ie ty f o r th e Pr e s e r v a ti o n o f N a tu r a l H is t o r y C o l le c tio n s . 1 9 9 4 . G u id e lin e s f o r th e c a r e o f n a tu r a l h is to r y c o l le c tio n s . C o lle c tio n Fo r u m 1 0 ( 1 ) : 3 2 - 4 0

7 S tr a n g , T . . 1 9 9 2 . A r e v ie w o f p u b lis h e d te m p e r a tu r e s fo r t h e c o n tr o l o f p e s t in s e c ts in mu s e u ms . C o l le c t io n Fo r u m 8 ( 2 ) : 4 1

Str a n g , T . . 1 9 9 5 . Th e e f fe c t o f th e r m a l me th o d s o f p e s t c o n tr o l o n mu s e u m

c o lle c ti o n s . Pr e p r in ts o f th e 3 rd

I n t e r n a ti o n a l C o n fe r e n c e o n B io d e te r io r a ti o n o f

C u ltu r a l Pr o p e r ty : 1 9 9 - 2 1 2

6 S tr a n g , T . a n d K ig a w a , R . . 2 0 0 6 . L e v e ls o f I P M c o n tr o l : Ma tc h in g c o n d i ti o n s to p e r f o r m a n c e a n d e ff o r t . C o l le c tio n Fo r u m 2 1 ( 1 - 2 ) : 9 6

4.3.6. MVZ IPM PROGRAM MANUAL REFERENCES (cont.)

v a n D a m, A . e t . a l. . 2 0 0 0 . T h e w a r p in g a n d c r a c k in g o f p le x ig la s s s p e c i me n

c o n t a in e r s . C o lle c t io n F o r u m 1 4 ( 1 - 2 ) : 4 7

W il li a m , S . e t. a l .. 1 9 9 0 . Mo d if ic a ti o n o f s to r a g e d e s i g n t o m it ig a te i n s e c t p r o b le ms .

C o lle c ti o n Fo r u m 6 ( 1 ) : 2 7

W il li a m s , S . e t . a l . . 1 9 9 3 . E ff e c t o f r e l a tiv e h u mi d i ty o n c r a n ia l d i me n s io n s o f ma m ma ls . C o ll e c t io n Fo r u m 9 ( 1 ) : 4 0

W e b b , E . e t . a l . . 1 9 8 9 . I n te g r a te d p e s t m a n a g e m e n t a t th e D e n v e r M u s e u m o f N a t u r a l

H is t o r y . C o lle c ti o n F o r u m 5 ( 2 ) : 5 2

W o l f , S. e t . a l . . 2 0 0 1 . P h y s ic a l p r o p e r tie s a n d h e a l th e f fe c ts o f p e s tic id e s u s e d o n N a t io n a l P a r k Se r v ic e c o l le c t io n s . C o n s e r v e O G r a m 2 /1 7

Zy c h e r ma n , L . A . a n d Sc h r o c k , J .R . . 1 9 8 8 . A g u id e to mu s e u m p e s t c o n tr o l . Fo u n d a tio n o f t h e A me r ic a n I n s ti tu te fo r C o n s e r v a t io n a n d Ar tis t ic W o r k s a n d As s o c ia tio n o f Sy s t e m a t ic s C o l le c tio n s .

4.3.7. MVZ CASE STUDIES