The Technique of Data Analysis Checking of Data Validity

As object of a preposition 13 10 5.6 As direct object of certain verbs 15 17 9.5 As object of a preposition 19 5 2.8 2 Infinitive As direct object of certain verbs 2 3 1.7 Adjectives followed by infinitives 4 8 4.5 Adjectives followed by infinitives 7 3 1.7 As direct object of certain verbs 9 6 3.4 Adjectives followed by infinitives 12 17 9.5 As direct object of certain verbs 14 2 1.1 Infinitive as subjective complement 16 22 12.3 Infinitive as subjective complement 17 16 9 As direct object of certain verbs 18 9 5 Infinitive as subjective complement 20 8 4.5 TOTAL 20 178 100 Based on the table above, it could be seen that the number of errors made by the students in using gerund and to infinitive was 178 errors. After calculating the number of errors, then the writer would like to describe in details about types of errors committed by the students in using gerund and to infinitive. The classification of types of errors will be shown in the following table: Table 4.2 Description of Students Error in Omission Item Number Students Error Recognition Error Classification Correction 6 5 Bob finished studing at midnight Omission of spelling y Bob finished studying at midnight 20 8 15 11 They discussed geting a new house Omission of spelling t They discussed getting a new house 17 14 Her dream is win the match Omission of spelling to Her dream is to win the match 12 24 Maria always speeds on the expressway. Shes certain get stopped by the police Omission of spelling to Maria always speeds on the expressway. Shes certain to get stopped by the police Based on the table 4.2 above, the most errors committed by the students is in number 6 gerund as direct object of certain verbs with 3 students. It happened because the students did not know the rules in changing gerund form, so they just added –ing after the verb “study”. The same case also happened in item number 15, the word “get” is added –ing without paying attention to the rules how to change base word into gerund form. In the next item number 17 and 12, the students‟ also omit “to” in changing the verbs into “to infinitive”. That type of errors is known as omission. Table 4.3 Description of Students Error in Addition Item Number Students Error Recognition Error Classification Correction 1 27 Rideing horses is fun Addition of spelling e Riding horses is fun 30 Based on the table 4.3 above, there are only two errors committed by the students in types of errors addition in number 1 gerund as a subject of a sentence. It happened because the students confused whether he or she should omit spelling e in “ride” or not when it is changed into gerund form. Table 4.4 Description of Students Error in Misformation Item Number Students Error Identification Error Classification Error Correction 1 Student 10 to ride horses is fun Riding horses is fun Student 23 Misformation Student 29 2 Student 7 Tom offered lending me some money Misformation Tom offered to lend me some money Student 22 Student 11 Tom offered to lent me some money 3 Student 1 Bill apologized for to interrupt me Misformation Bill apologized for interrupting me Student 3 Student 5 Student 6 Student 7 Student 13 Student 15 Student 16 Student 17 Student 18 Student 19 Student 23