CHAPTER IV RESEACH METHODOLOGY AND FINDINGS
A. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
1. Purpose of Research
In this study, the purpose of the research is to know whether Contextual Teaching Learning Techniques could improve students’ understanding to the
simple present tense.
2. Place and Time of Research
The writer did research at Mts. Al-Husna Lebak Bulus. He conducted this research at that school from October 25, 2009 up to November 17, 2009.
3. Population and Sample of Research
The population of the research is the second grade students of Mts. Al- Husna Lebak-Bulus. The second grade of this school consists of one class with
population 31 students but while research some of them were absent to follow pre- test or post test and only 27 students who attended the class and follow the lesson
completely . Then the writer took the sample of observation is 27 students.
4. Research method
In this research, the writer conducted pre-experimental method by using “pre-test and post test design” to know students’ improvement scores of the
simple present tense after being taught by CTL Approach.
5. Instrument of Research
This pre-experimental method was derived from students’ pre-test score to students’ post-test score to get students’ improvement score. the writer used the
test which is made by himself. The material of the test was taken from the student’s handbook and other resources related English book about simple present
tense. The test was divided into two parts. the pre-test which had been given 29
before the treatment. Furthermore the post-test was given after the treatment to the class. The test consists of 20 items in multiple choice form.
a. Conceptual Definition
The Simple Present is the tense, used when we want to state an action that is fact or habitual action; usually it uses the base of verb expect
for the third person singular, which is added –s or –es. For eaxample: the sun rises from the east.
b. Operational Definition
The Simple Present is a sentence that uses first verbs forms that shown in the present as a fact or habitual action. Three patterns will be
used in this instrument, for eaxmples as follows: 1 Positive: You sit on the chair; She sits on the chair. 2 Negative: You do not sit on the chair;
She does not sit on the chair. 3 Interrogative: Do you sit on the chair? Does she sit on the chair?
c. Specification
1
table 4.1
No Present Tense
No. Item Total
Easy 1, 2
Medium 3, 4
1 Positive Difficult 5,
6 6
Easy 7, 8
Medium 9, 10, 11
2 Negative Difficult 12,
13 7
Easy 14, 15
Medium 16, 17, 18
3 Interrogative Difficult 19,
20 7
50
Appendix 2
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