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2.7 Experimental Research
In this research, I used a kind of experimental research. As cited in Best 1995:133,
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This study limited the theory to make it simply. The theory of puppet was chosen to conduct the study. Because of we can see so many puppets out of there that
can be used to deliver the material in teaching easier, this study just focuses on the use of hand puppet in teaching English. Hand puppet is a kind of puppet that that is
controlled by our hand. In other word, we can put our hand inside it to control it. The hand puppet can be a sock that has been modified or it can be a doll.
For the kind of communicative activities, this study focused on picture describing, role-play and a story retelling for the activities in the classroom. The
students are divided into pairs with her or his friend next to her or him, he or she should work together to perform a role-play based on the situation given. Sometime
they also had to describe a picture in pairs. This study used a kind of experimental design, quasi experimental research
named Pre-test Post-test Non Equivalent Control Group Design. There are two group included, experimental group and control group.
In this study, I used a rating scale as proposed by Harris and Brown 2004 with a little changing to score the students
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CHAPTER III
METHOD OF INVESTIGATION
This chapter discusses the subject of the study, population and sample, research design, procedure of the experiment, instruments of the study, scoring
system, and technique of data analysis.
3.1 Research Design
In this study, I used a kind of quantitative research, quantitative research is explaining phenomena by collecting numerical data that are analyzed using
mathematically based methods in particular statistics Aliaga and Gunderson: 2002 in Muijs. In this term, quantitative data refer to the use of statistical analysis to
calculate the numeral data that are gathered and to analyze them by the use of correlation analysis. These data are expressed in the mathematics and must be
evaluated and interpreted by means of appropriate statistical procedure. Because of the design of the study was quantitative, so I used experimental
research study. Experimental research is the way to find the causal relationship between two factors which are raised by the researcher. In doing an experimental
research usually two groups are involved and compared to find the influence of a treatment. As cited in Marczky 2005:3,
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In this study, I used the quasi experimental design named Pre-test Post-test Nonequivalent-Group Design. This study used pre-test and post-test to obtain the
data. According to Best 1995: 151 the design of the experiment can be describes as follows:
Experimental group O
1
X
1
O
2
Control Group O
1
X
2
O
2
As can be seen from the diagram above, there was two groups employed in this design; one group was the experimental group, it received a treatment X
1
while second group was the control group, it received another treatment X
2
. Here, both of the groups received pre-test O
1
to obtain first data. Then, the experimental group was given treatment of using hand puppet and picture X
1
while the control group was using conventional teaching with picture X
2
. Finally, both of the groups were given post-test O
2
to obtain second data. The effectiveness of hand puppet and the relative improvement of the two groups could be seen from the gain score that is the
post-test minus the pre-test score of the two groups.
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3.2 Subject of the Study
Kategori