Level of Difficulty H

referred to as reliability and if the results of a study can be reproduced under a similar methodology, then the research instrument is considered to be reliable. Kirk and Miller 1986 identify three types of reliability referred to in quantitative research, which relate to: 1 the degree to which a measurement, given repeatedly, remains the same 2 the stability of a measurement over time; and 3 the similarity of measurements within a given time period pp. 41-42. Charles 1995 adheres to the notions that consistency with which questionnaire [test] items are answered or individual’s scores remain relatively the same can be determined through the test-retest method at two different times. Reability of the pretest and posttest uses the degree to which a measurement, given repeatedly, remains the same. The motivation questionnaire uses rank order correlation. The researcher ranked the result of students’ motivation, whether their results were considered as low, medium or high motivation. After that, they were related to the result of pretest and posttest.

3.9. Hypothesis Testing

In testing the hypothesis that the learning literature facilitated by Quipper School will improve the students’ poetry appreciation significantly, Repeated Measure t- test was used. The hypothesis is also statistically tested by using ANOVA, in which the significance is determined by p 0.05. Therefore, the hypothesis which can be cited is as follows:  H : There is no significant improvement of the students’ poetry appreciation.  H 1 : There is a significant improvement of the students’ appreciation.  H 3 : There is a correlation between ARCS motivation and students’ poetry appreciation.  H 4 : There is no correlation between ARCS motivation and students’ poetry appreciation.  H 5 : The students have positive perception toward the implementation of Quipper School.  H 6 : The students have negative perception toward the implementation of Quipper School.