Review of Previous Studies

CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter deals with the theoretical background of this research. In this chapter, I would like to explain some theories related to this research. The information about the case under study will be deeply reviewed regarding to the theory come from the library research. The main notion of this chapter deals with the theory of writing and teaching it, genre and recount text, character building education and nationalism in curriculum, fieldtrip and Ronggowarsito Museum, and the last, action research.

2.1 Review of Previous Studies

There are many researches which were conducted in the field of writing English texts. They were various in the genre, in the media they used and also varied in the methods used to conduct the research. Here, I provide some results of previous study that considered in line with this research. Firstly, the research conducted by Sutirah 2009, as had been stated in the previous chapter, entitled Diary as a Medium in Recount Writing The Case of the Eighth Year Students of SMPN 1 Kedungreja Cilacap in the Academic Year of 20082009. This research concluded that after the eighth grades students of SMP Negeri 1 Kedungreja Cilacap had been taught by using diary as a teaching medium, the students‟ ability in recount writing was improve. It was proved by the students‟ 10 test results before using diary as a teaching medium in recount writing was 60.76. It was low than the students‟ test results after using diary as a teaching medium was 73.33. However, the students faced some difficulties in mastering the tenses used and the vocabularies. Another one was conducted by Pratiwi 2010 entitled Writing a Letter as a Medium to Improve Writing Recount Ability In the Case of Eight Grader of SMP N 36 Semarang in the Academic Year of 20092010. She indicated the same problem with what Sutirah said that students had some difficulties in writing a recount text especially in using past tense and using proper vocabulary that related to the topic. However, she concluded that after the eighth graders of SMP Negeri 36 Semarang joined the teaching learning process by writing a letter, they could improve their writing recount text ability. It was proved by the students test result before using writing a letter as teaching medium in recount writing is 67.8, it was lower than the students result after using it which reached 75.2. She suggested the teacher especially English teachers; they should find other interesting techniques to improve the student‟s ability in writing recount text since there are many techniques to teach writing. Writing a letter is one of the techniques that improved students writing ability. Referring to those researches, I noticed that they tended to view learning writing recount text in the framework of vocabulary and the tense used. More than that, I found they were missing one essential point; the content of the recount texts their students made. However, I believed that they had used the appropriate criteria in assessing the texts.

2.2 English Curriculum for Junior High School