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In addition, Flexner 2000: 7 states that many slang becomes words and expressions that used frequently in American public nowadays. However, slang
considered inappropriate for formal usage by the majority. Furthermore, American slang words are actually contributed by about thirteen different groups in society. The
thirteen different groups in society that become slang source such as immigrant, labors, armies, musicians, narcotic addicts, college, etc.
3. The types of slang
Allan and Burridge 2006: 69 affirm that there are five different slang types. The explanation of slang type can be seen as follows:
a. Fresh and creative
Fresh and creative mean that slang language has totally new vocabulary, informal variety, cleverness, imagination, and it also can be an up to date words. Some
words which are already familiar with our mind possibly will be slang words as we do not realize it. The reasons why those slang words become familiar in our mind because
those slang words appear in long time ago since slang words are already appeared since 18
th
century as stated by Allan and Burridge ibid: 69. The example is the slang word
daddy
.
Daddy
noun used as a term of address for a man, especially an older man. First appeared is in US, 1928. Dalzell and Victor: 2008, p.183
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b. Flippant
Flippant means that slang language made by two words or more in which the words composed not correlated with the denotative meaning. The example is
break a leg
. The slang word
break a leg
means good luck for an actor. It is theatrical superstition considers a wish of good luck to be tempting fate. This slang word comes
from folk-etymology that offers the example of American actor John Wilkes Booth who assassinated President Abraham Lincoln. The assassin jumped on stage and broke
his leg. Unlikely, it is remembered in use in the 1930s, and is suspected to be of English origin; it is certainly widely used in the UK and USA around 1973 ibid,
p.89. c.
Imitative
Imitative means that slang word imitating the Standard English SE word; using SE words in different meaning or combining two different words. The example
is
wanna
. This slang word is der ived from phrase words “want to”. The slang word
wanna
is also widely used in spoken English Spears: 2000, p.474. d.
Acronym Acronym is type of slang constructed by the result of words from the first
letters of each word in a phrase or this type is made by the initials from a group of words or syllables. The example is LOL, used as Internet shorth
and to mean „laughing out loud’, found in US around 1991 Dalzell and Victor: 2008, p.406.
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e. Clipping
Clipping type is one of variety of slang made by deleting of some parts of longer word become a shorter form in the same meaning. The example is the use of
word “cuz” to mean “because”. The words which commonly used can be clipped into shorter form. In addition, clipping form is not appropriate to use in formal
conversation.
G. Film Theory
