utterances found in ORPHAN movie manuscript, and to describe the reason of the speaker employing directive utterances. The second is object of the research.
The object of this research is directive utterance found in ORPHAN movie manuscript. The third is data and data source. The data in this research are
utterances that containing directive utterances in which belonging to command, request, warning and suggestion which in the form of printed material.
Meanwhile, the data source of this research is taken from ORPHAN movie manuscript. The writer chooses the movie manuscript as the research data or
data sources because the manuscript commonly provide conversations which contain directive utterances in which it primarly asking someone to do act
something. Moreover, this movie also reflect the social life in a family. The fourth is technique of collecting data, such as reading and
understanding deeply ORPHAN movie manuscript towards the source of data, watching ORPHAN movie for further understanding, selecting and underlying
the utterances in which belong to directive utterances found in the ORPHAN movie manuscript, rewriting all the utterances data containing directive
utterances which have selected from the data source into note book, and coding the data which containing directive utterance to make easy confirming to the
data source. The coding of data the writer uses certain system. For example : 001DUR 001 : Number of data, DU: Directive Utterance, R: Request, S:
Suggestion, C: Command, W: Warning. The fifth is technique of analyzing data. The step of analyzing data by
describing and clarifying the intended message or the intentions of the directive utterance engaged in movie manuscript by using speech act theory in which
determinng Locution, Illocution and Prelocution act;Identifying the language forms of directive utterances act whether in word, phrase, clause or sentence
form which found in ORPHAN movie manuscript; Describing and determining the reason of the speaker employing directive utterances used
SPEAKING Formula of Hymes; and drawing conclusion based on the data
analysis of directive utterances found in ORPHAN movie manuscript.
C. Data Analysis and Discussion
This section deals with data analysis and discussion. The writer concerns analysis the meaning of directive utterance using the speech act
theory to find out the speaker’s intention for the begining. Secondly, describing the syntactic forms of directive utterances. Thirdly, the writer
analysis dealing with the reason by applying the Ethnography communication
or SPEAKING theory.
1. Data Analysis
a. Speaker’s Intention of Directive Utterance
1 Command
Command is the act of getting someone to do something. Command is usually a sentence with an imperative verb. The speaker who has high
authority or social class is more effective to use a command. In other words, it is effectively if the speaker has ssome degrees of control over the action of the
hearer.
006DUC EXT. COLEMAN RESIDENCE - DAY
Max is playing basketball in the driveway, but the balls too big for her and the hoops too.high. Every time she tries to shoot, the ball falls short and
BANGS against the house. Kate opens-the door, angrily signing as she speaks:
KATE : Stop banging that against the house Im trying-to work.
The underlined sentence above is command which can be explained based on the locution, illocuton and perlocution.
Locution
: The mother as the speaker said to her daughter as the addressee to stop banging that againts the house.
Illocution : Because it is uttered by a mother to her daughter, so the intention of
the mother in order that Max stoped for playing basket ball because the ball always bang the house and it made noise. While, Kate was
working. So, the sound of that noise disturbed Kate’s work.
Prelocution : Max stops banging that against the house while frightened.
Based on the explanation above, the utterance which is uttered by the speaker Kate is categorized as a command, because the speaker has high
authority than the addresee and because it contains an imperative verb.
2 Request
Request is an expression in which the speaker wants to do or refrain from doing. A request doesn’t assume the speaker’s control over the person
addressed.
008DUR INT. MAXS BEDROOM -- NIGHT
Kate tucks Max into bed. MAX
: READ ME A STORY. KATE
: One story. Then bedtime. Okay? Max nods. happily and picks up a book from her nightstand. Kate
groans inwardly when she sees what it is. It.s called. We were Going To Have A Baby, .But We Had An Angel Instead.
KATE : You want to hear about the baby again?
Max nods. Kate hesitates, then gives Max a sad smile. The underlined sentence above is request which can be explained based
on the locution, illocuton and perlocution.
Locution : Max as the speaker said to her mother, Kate, as the addressee to read
her a story.
Illocution :Because it is uttered by Max to her mother, Kate. So, the intention of
Max is merelly requesting in order to her mother can entertain and accompany her before sleeping.
Prelocution :Kate refuses to read it early because it has been read repeatedly.
But Max really wants it, then Kate read it to Max with promise merely once. Finally, Max slept some minutes later.
Based on the explanation above, the utterance which is uttered by the speaker Kate is categorized as a request, because the speaker has low authority
