The first-orde logarithmic p

A vo A eq B A Th fo co re B in

2.1.2 Li

pСarma proport fact tСa parame one sТm tСerape Тnvolved order k A The one-com olume V 1 , whi A 1 , which is eq qual to the plas B Semi-logarith A The two-com he volumes V or the central ompartment is edistribution R B The two-co travenous adm inear and N Most of acokТnetТcs, Тonal wТtС t at all proce eters are co NonlТnearТty mple fТrst-o eutТc drug c d Тn ADME kТnetТcs. S Figure 2. 1 mpartment mo ich is equals to qual to the am sma concentra hmic plot of Cp Figure 2. 2 mpartment mod V , amounts A and periphe equal to the p R are k 12 and k 2 ompartment m ministration. Non Linear drugs us tСe plasm Сe concent esses Тn d nstant and y Тn tСe pСa order kТnetТc concentratТo . In saturat Saturable The one-com odel consists o o the drugs vo mount of drug ation Cp. The p against time 2 The two-com del consists of , and concent eral compartm plasma conce 21 respectively models semi- r Pharmaco sed clТnТca ma concen tratТon follo drug nature do not cСan armacokТne cs. NonlТne ons are СТg tТon, tСe pr metabolТsm 5 mpartment m only of a cent olume of distrib in the body A first-order rate obtained after mpartment m f the central c ration C in e ment respectiv ntration Cp.

y. The first-orde logarithmic p

okinetics ally follow ntratТon of ows fТst-ord e are fТrst nge wТtС tСe etТcs arТses earТty Тn pС gС enougС t rocess take m also ref odel Rosenb tral compartme bution Vd ; th Ab ; and the d e constant for e intravenous a odel Rosenb compartment a ach compartm vely. Drug co The rate cons er rate constan plot of Cp ag w lТnear p a drug Т er kТnetТcs order and e dose Ros wСen a pro СarmacokТne to saturate s place at ferred as baum, 2011 ent. It is chara e amount of dr drug concentra elimination E dministration. baum, 2011 and peripheral ment are qualifi oncentration in stant for distrib nt for eliminatio gainst time o pСarmacok Тs cСanged . TСe term or tСat tСe senbaum, 2 ocess Тn AD etТcs arТses an enzym a constant capacТty-lТ acterised by a rug it contains ation, which is is k . compartment. ied by 1 and 2 n the central bution D and on E is k 10 . obtained after ТnetТcs. In d exponen lТnear Тs b e pСarmaco 2011. DME Сas m s mostly w e or otСer rate follow mТted met a s s 2 r n lТnear tТally or ased on okТnetТcs ore tСan wСen tСe proteТns ws zero- abolТsm, 6 bТotransformatТon or elТmТnatТon Тs tСe most example of nonlТnear pСarmacokТnetТc observed clТnТcally. PСenytoТn Тs an example of drug tСat sСows tСТs pСarmacokТnetТcs Rosenbaum, 2011. Figure 2. 3 The three-compartment model Rosenbaum, 2011 A The two-compartment model consists of the central, peripheral and deep tissue compartment. The volumes V , amounts A , and concentration C in each compartment are qualified by 1 , 2 and 3 for the central, peripheral and deep tissue compartment respectively. Drug concentration in the central compartment is equal to the plasma concentration Cp. The rate constant for distribution D and redistribution R to the peripheral compartment are k 12 and k 21 respectively. The rate constant for distribution D and redistribution R to the deep tissue compartment are k 13 and k 31 respectively The first-order rate constant for elimination E is k 10 . B The three-compartment models semi-logarithmic plot of Cp against time obtained after intravenous administration of.

2.2 Test Drugs