According to Wiadnyana 2012 nowadays almost every movie uses taboo words in the dialogue because the use of taboo words in the dialog makes the
characters of the film look natural to express their emotion. Taboo words support the representation of a real life in the plot of the story.
In Easy A and The Change-Up movie, there are taboo words found in the conversations. The use of taboo words in this movie are: as a dirty joke, shocked
feeling, and the emotions. This unique phenomenon becomes the reason of this study to analyze the types and functions of taboo words, also to see the dominant use of
taboo words used in Easy Aand The Change-Up movie. This study analyzes by the scenes of the movies, making the data valid.
1.2 Problems of the Study
The problems of the study can be formulated as follows: 1. What types of taboo words are used in “Easy A and The Change-Up” movie?
2. What functions of taboo words are found in the dialog of “Easy A and The Change-Up” movie?
3. What is the dominant type of taboo words used in “Easy A and The Change-Up” movie?
1.3 Aims of the Study
The aims of this study are: 1.
To find out the types of taboo words used in Easy A and The Change-up movie;
2. To explain the function of taboo words used in Easy A and The Change-Up
movie; 3.
To present the dominant use of taboo words type used in Easy A and The Change-Up movie
1.3.1 General Objective
Generally, the objective of the study is to analyze and develop the research of taboo words that are used in general even in movie scripts. By analyzing and
developing taboo words, people will understand why taboo words still use even if they are not allowed universally.
1.3.2 Specific Objective
Specifically, the objectives of the study are to describe the types of taboo words and analyze the functions of taboo words, and find the dominant use of taboo
words in Easy A and The Change-Up movie.
1.4 Scope of Discussion
This study focuses on the function and analysis of taboo words that occur in Easy A and The Change-Up movie. There are three problems in the scope of
discussion; they are the analysis of the various types of taboo words in the movie “Easy A and “The Change-Up”, the functions of taboo words in the movie “Easy
Aand “The Change-Up”, and the dominant use of taboo words in the movie “Easy A and “The Change-Up”.
1.5 Research Method
The research method can be divided into three. They are: data source, method and technique of collecting data, and method and technique of analyzing data.
1.5.1 Data Source
The data of this study were taken from the movies entitled Easy A and The Change-Up. Easy A is written by Bert V. Royal, directed by Will Gluck, and starred
by Emma Stone. This movie was released on September 11
th
, 2010. The second data is The Change-Up. This movie is written by Jon Lucas and Scott Moore, directed by
David Dobkin, and starred by Ryan Reynolds. The Change-Up was released on August 5
th
, 2011.
Easy A and The Change-Up movies were chosen as the data sources because the dialogues of the movies use natural daily conversation and contain a lot of taboo
words. Also these movies have many variations of taboo words. Easy A is an American teen romantic comedy film that tells about Olive
Penderghast, a teenage girl living in Ojai, California, who feels anonymous in the high school where she studies. Rhiannon is Olive’s best friend who wants to be
popular in their school, she is proud of herself because she loses her virginity. Besides, she wants Olive to be like her. Rhiannon invites Olive to spend weekend
with her parents in her house, but Olive refused it and she lied to Rhiannon. She said that she had to go with a guy. On the following day, Rhiannon enforced Olive to say
that she losed her virginity. Olive lied again, she said yes that she lost her virginity. The rumors spread at school and she welcomes the attention. When she agrees to help
out a bullied gay friend by pretending to sleep with him, her image reputation degrades and her world begins to spin out of control. As she helps more and more of
her classmates and her lies continue to escalate, Olive must find a way to save face before the school religious fanatic Marianne gets her expelled.
The Change-Up is an American romantic comedy film that tells about best friends Dave and Mitch who are jealous of the others’ lifestyles. Dave is a lawyer that
expects to be promoted to be a partner of the law firm; he has been married to Jamie for ten years and has three children. Unlike his best friend, Mitch is an untrained
struggling actor. He usually stoned or in bed with his female sex partners. But, Mitch
and Dave are unhappy with their lives because they are bored with the routine. They wish they could switch places. Accidentally, their wishes come true; they magically
switched into the other’s body when they peed on the fountain.
1.5.2 Method and Technique of Collecting Data
The data were collected through observation method and documentation method. Observation is the first step method to collect the data before documentation
method. Documentation method is the supporting method of this study. There were two steps in collecting the data. First, downloading the movies
from http:www.ganool.comeasy-a-movies-2010.html
and http:www.ganool.comthe-change-up-movies-2011.html then watching every scene
in detail and using English subtitle. Second, note taking the taboo words showed in the movies for every scene while watching the movies, the utterances which are
considered appropriate data were noted. There are 20 scenes from Easy A and 25 scenes from The Change-Up movie. But there are 10 scenes selected from Easy A
and 12 scenes were selected from The Change-Up.
1.5.3 Method and Techniques of Analyzing Data
A descriptive qualitative method was used to analyze the function and types of taboo words. After all the data collected, the data were classified based on the
types according to Jay 1992 and the function of taboo words according to Holmes 1992. The data were analyzed and selected to a certain number needed for the type
of data presentation with the purpose of describing the various types of taboo words and the function of taboo words in the dialog. After the data were analyzed, the next
step was counting the types of taboo words to see dominant types of taboo words in movies.
1.5.4 Method and Technique of Presenting Data
This study used the descriptive method in presenting the data related to the subject of this study. The data were categorized, depending on each scene.
Furthermore, each scene was presented descriptively. The selected data from both movies were presented based on the selected movie scenes. There are 10 selected
scenes of Easy A movie and 12 selected scenes of The Change-Up movie. From 22 data which were analyzed, the dominant types of taboo words can be seen.
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW, CONCEPT, AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 Literature Review
This chapter consists of literature review, concept, and theoretical framework. There are some sources which are reviewed to write this thesis; those are from thesis
and international journals. The thesis was written by Kusuma 2013, Wiadnyana 2012, and Aditia 2013. The international journals were written by Pilloti 2012
and Fakuade 2013. Those studies are related to this study, the topics of those studies have the similar character.
The thesis entitled “The Function of Taboo Words and Their Expressions in Bad Boys Movie
” was written by Kusuma 2013. He used the theory of taboo words proposed by Jay 1999 about Taboo word which were produced to show disgust,
embracement, and violate social norms and Andersson’s theory 1985 to analyze taboo expressions. The method of collecting data he used was the documentation
method. After collecting data he searched the script of the movie first, after that he read the script carefully while watching the movie. Then, the words that were found
in the script were collected. The writer used qualitative and quantitative method to analyze the data. The difference between this study and his study is that his study
focused on the expression of taboo words of the main characters in the movie and his study also used the theory proposed by Andersson. This study analyzes the types,
function, and the dominant use of taboo words in the movie. This study also analyzes the main characters and supporting characters in the movies. It can enrich the result
of the research. Another thesis was
written by Wiadnyana 2012, in his work “Taboo words in Hollywood movie Bad Teacher” , in which analyzed the types of taboo words and
the use of taboo language in woman’s, men’s, and mixed gender conversations in the movie Bad Teacher. The writer listened to the conversation of all the characters in the
movie to collect the data, after that the note-taking data was divided based on each category. The writer classified the data by arranging them in the table to analyze the
data; there were three steps used to analyze the data: they are categorizing, classifying, and analyzing the collected data. The theory that he used are the theory
proposed by Jay 1992 which was used to analyze taboo words and the theory proposed by Lakoff 1975 which was used to analyze the gender difference of taboo
words. The data were categorized based on their types. The difference between his study and this study is that this one does not give the difference to analyze about the
use of taboo words in woman’s, men’s or mixed gender. This study analyzes the types and functions of taboo words in the movies in the wome
n’s or men’s dialogues. Aditia 2011, in his work “An Analysis of Taboo Word and Swear Word in
Dustin Lee Abraham’s How High Movie” analyzed the types of taboo words and the factors which caused the characters to use the taboo words and swear words in the
movie. His study used the Michael Swan’s theory. He found four types of taboo
words in How High movie and two types of swear words in How High movie. This study has the same topic as that of his study. But the difference is that this study
focuses on taboo words; their types, functions, and the dominant use of the film. His study combined swear words. Therefore, the theory that was used in his study is
different from that used in this present study. The international journal written by Pilotti 2012 entitled
“Taboo Words in Expressive Language: Do Sex and Primary Language Matter?” in “American
International Journal of Contemporary Research”Vol.2 No.2 published by School of Arts and Sciences, New Mexico Highlands University United States of America on
2012 analyzed the sex matter of taboo words use. Because there are differences in the number of taboo words that women and men use to refer to others either of the same
sex or of adifferent sex. Her study used the quantitative method to get the result of taboo words used by different sex. The theories used in her study are by proposed by
Jay 2009 and Mehl Pennebaker 2003 to analyze the sociolinguistic of taboo words, also the sex differences reported in the literature by Foote Woodward
1973. The result of her study is that the male respondents emerged as more likely to produce taboo words than females.
The topic of this study is similar to that of her study and her study also used Jay’s theory to analyze the sociolinguistics of taboo words. But the differences are
that her study focused on taboo words used by males or female, and the method is also different because her study used questionnaire to count the result of taboo words
used by different sexes. The explanation formula of analyzing questionnaire in the journal is not clear; it makes the explanation random and hard to understand.
Another journal was by Fakuade 2013 entitled “Linguistic Taboo in The IGBO Investigation: Sociolinguistic Investigation” in the journal “Department of
Linguistics Univers ity of Ilorin” published by University of Ilorin, Nigeria in 2013.
IGBO is one of the three major Nigerian languages spoken in the eastern part of Nigeria. This journal investigated the linguistic prejudice towards taboo expressions
in the Igbo society and its implications on the teaching of the Igbo language both as a first and second language. He used the quantitative method to get the result and he
made 50 copies of questionnaire. This journal used the theory proposed by Jay 1996 and Qanbar 2011. The result of this journal is that the taboo words exist in the Igbo
language. The journal is different from this present study because the journal analyzed
taboo words that exist in Igbo language; the journal used a different method of collecting data with this study. The quantitative method was the method used in the
journal. This journal only mentioned the theory he used but did not mention the main theory, it made the result of the journal not arranged with the number of the
problems.
2.2 Concepts 2.2.1 Taboo
