the significance degree α = 0.05. The result of homogeneity test showed that
pre-test and post-test between experimental and controlled class had homogeny distribution and can be tested using t-test.
e. Hypothesis Test
After doing the normality and homogeneity test, the researcher continued to do hypothesis testing. Here, the researcher used comparative technique or
independent sample t-test to test the hypothesis. This was the crucial calculation to answer the problem formulation of this research. The independent t-test was used
to see the significant difference in the post-test score of the experimental and the controlled class after the given treatment.
After getting the data which are the result of students’ writing recount text both of two classes, the researcher analyzed them by using statistic calculation of
the t-test formula as follows:
Table 4.9 The Comparison Score between Students in Experimental Class and
Students in Controlled Class
No X
Y x = X-Mx
y = Y - My x
2
y
2
1 10
4 -6.25
-4.4 39.06
19.36 2
19 5
2.75 -3.4
7.56 11.56
3 14
8 -2.25
-0.4 5.06
0.16 4
38 16
21.75 7.6
473.06 57.76
5 8
7 -8.25
-1.4 68.06
1.96 6
29 10
12.75 1.6
162.56 2.56
7 15
7 -1.25
-1.4 1.56
1.96 8
5 8
-11.25 -0.4
126.56 0.16
9 17
-3 0.75
-11.4 0.56
129.96 10
20 -2
3.75 -10.4
14.06 108.16
11 19
2.75 -8.4
7.56 70.56
12 27
12 10.75
3.6 115.56
12.96 13
30 16
13.75 7.6
189.06 57.76
14 12
12 -4.25
3.6 18.06
12.96 15
13 7
-3.25 -1.4
10.56 1.96
16 7
7 -9.25
-1.4 85.56
1.96
No X
Y x = X-Mx
y = Y - My x
2
y
2
17 9
5 -7.25
-3.4 52.56
11.56 18
14 14
-2.25 5.6
5.06 31.36
19 10
14 -6.25
5.6 39.06
31.36 20
9 21
-7.25 12.6
52.56 158.76
n=20
325 168
1473.75 724.8
Mean 16.25
8.4
Notes:
X
= the difference of the experimental class’ post and pre-test
Y
= the difference of the controlled class’ post and pre-test
X
2
=
the degree of the difference of the experimental class’ post and pre-test
Y
2
= the degree of the difference of the controlled class’ post and pre-test
After that, the researcher calculated the gained score by using t-test formula. The formulation as followed:
1. Determining mean of Variable X: ∑
2. Determining Mean of Variable Y: ∑
3. Determining Standard of Deviation Score of Variable X: √
∑ √
√
4. Determining Standard of Deviation Score of Variable Y: √
∑ √
√
5. Determining Standard Error of Mean of Variable X: √
√
6. Determining Standard Error of Mean of Variable Y: √
√
7. Determining Standard Error of Difference of Mean of Variable X and Y: √
√ √
√
8. Determining with the formula:
Based on the calculation above, it showed that the result of the t-test from the experimental and controlled class is 2.92.
After that, the researcher should find the degree of freedom. It is used to find out the value of the t-test score in the t-table. To get the value of the t-test from the
t-table, the researcher used the value of the significant of 5 and 1. The procedure to get the degree of freedom is as follow:
Based on the calculation above, the degree of freedom df is 38 and the critical value of the df 38 by using the degree of significance 5 is 2.02.
Moreover, the critical value of the df 38 by using the degree of significance 1 is 2.71 and the t
o
is 2.92. It can be said that the result of the comparison between t
o
and t
table
were 2.02 2.92 2.71. It means that there is a significant difference between the score of pre-test and post-test.
The statistical hypothesis of this research could be seen as follows: H
o
: there is no significant difference between students’ achievement in writing
recount text using clustering technique and without using clustering technique. It means that clustering technique is not effective to be used in
writing recount text. H
1
: there is significant difference between students’ achievement in writing
recount text using clustering technique and without using clustering technique. It means that clustering technique is effective to be used in
writing recount text. The assumption of this hypothesis is as follows:
1. If t-test t
o
t-table t
t
in significant degree of 0.05, H
o
null hypothesis is rejected, it means that
there is significant difference between students’ achievement in writing recount text using clustering technique and without
using clustering technique. The using of clustering technique is effective on students’ writing recount text.
2. If t-test t
o
t-table t
t
in significant degree of 0.05, H
o
null hypothesis is accepted. It means that there is no significant difference
between students’ achievement in writing recount text using clustering technique and without
using clustering technique. The using of clustering technique is not effective on students’ writing recount text.
Based on the description of the calculation above, it can be inferred that: a The value of t
table
in the significance 1 is 2.71 and 5 is 2.02 b The value of t
o
is 2.92
c So the result is 2.02 2.92 2.71. It means that t
o
t observation is higher than t
t
t table. Thus, it can be summarized that t
o
t
t
2.02 2.92 2.71 it means that the null hypothesis H
is rejected and the alternative hypothesis is accepted. The research found empirical evidence that clustering technique is effective for the
students to learn writing recount text because there is a significant difference students’ writing recount score after implementing clustering technique.
C. Data Interpretation
