20 3 Observation
Observation is the activity of collecting data, either qualitative or quantitative data, to identify to what degree result of the actions reaches the objective of the study.
4 Reflection Reflection is the activity of critically evaluating the change of the students, teacher and
class situation after conducting the actions.
2.8 Theoretical Framework
In this study, I focus on teaching reading in fourth grade students of elementary school by using look and say technique. Reading is the skill that children acquire first before
they have not yet learnt to write. Language learning is a hard task, which can sometimes be frustrating. In fact, most of our language learning comes from reading.
So since English is a foreign language for Indonesian children, we must choose appropriate teaching methods which will make them not afraid of English.
According Scott and Ytreberg 1990: 45, young learners are often more enthusiastic and lively in learning something new. They will make an attempt to get
involved in an activity even when they do not quite understand why or how. However, they also lose interest more quickly and they are less able to keep themselves motivated
on tasks they find difficult. Therefore, they need an interesting techniques can be found easily like using song, pictures, and cards. For this study I choose to use cards as an
alternative by using look and say technique in teaching reading. The study is an action research with two cycles. Each cycle consist of teaching
and learning process and a formative test. The difference between these cycles is on the
21 materials used or given. There are four tests in this study: pre-test, formative test of
cycle 1, formative test of cycle 2, and post-test. Students will be given treatments by using look and say as a technique in teaching reading.
The objective of this research is to describe the application of look and say as a technique in teaching reading to fourth grade students of elementary school. And the
subject of this study is fourth grade students of SD Negeri Kambangan 1, Tegal.
22
CHAPTER III METHOD OF INVESTIGATION
This chapter presents method of investigation which is divided into five subsections: subject of the study, research design, instruments of study, procedures of collecting
data, and criterion of assessment.
3.1 Subject of Study
To reach the objective of the study, I conducted an action research at SD Neger i Kambangan 1 Tegal. This elementary school is located at Lebaksiu sub district in
Tegal regency. There were six grades. I decided to choose the fourth grade students because they were in the first year of learning English. Teacher needed to reinforce
their motivation in learning English. In class there were 38 students consisting of 24 boys and 14 girls. I took all the students at the subject.
3.2 Research Design
I conducted two cycles cycle 1 and cycle 2 in this research. Every cycle of this research consists of four phases. They are planning, action, observation and
reflection. The orders of activities during the research were presented more clearly as the table next page.
