Human body and ice protection models

17.3 Human body and ice protection models

The human body model used for simulation is shown in Fig. (17.1). The main sizes of the body which are important for the discussion of results are presented in the table 17.1.

Commonly the human body is represented as a set of geometric elements ac- cording to the original idea proposed by Stolwijk [36]. The body is assumed to be slender with domination of the heat transfer in horizontal planes. On the contrary to common models the horizontal cross section of the human body is represented in our model as a nearly elliptical section with the dis- placed center. The cross section of the body is subdivided into the five layers [33]: skin, fat layer, muscles and two core layers (see Fig. (17.2)). The core represents all human organs and blood vessels. The cross section of the human body is then represented as a set of sectors subdivided along the radius into five layers with constant thermal properties (see Fig. 17.2). The

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Table 17.1: Sizes of the body used in simulations

Element Size in meter

radii of each sector R can be found from the table 17.2. The upper elliptical cylinder is from the neck to the waist, whereas the lower one from the waist

the radius R divided by 60:25 [33]. The sizes of different layers inside of the cross section are presented in the table 17.3. At the high temperatures the main part of the heat production occurs in certain organs. The knowledge about the heat distribution inside the body allows one to choose the most efficient design of the ice protection which typical construction is shown in Fig. 17.3. In the mathematical model the ice and the clothes layer are mod- elled by additional layers covering the human body (Fig. 17.2). The human body model was developed on the base of data taken from [36], [37], [38] and [39].