Theoretical Framework REVIEW OF LITERATURE

There were several steps to complete this study. First, the researcher chose a literary work for this research which is Snow Flower and the Secret Fan. After that, the researcher did close reading with the aim of better understanding the novel in every detail. Then, the researcher chose a topic and determined problem formulation as the focus of analysis. The second step was to find some references that support for the analysis of the topic. The references included theories, criticism, and approach that were relevant to the study. The third step was to answer every question in the problem formulation. In answering the first problem formulation, the researcher should comprehend the theory of Chinese patriarchal culture. The theory of Chinese patriarchal culture was used to find and analyze the difficult conditions that the main characters experienced. In answering the second problem formulation, the researcher used the theory of feminism. After comprehending the theory of feminism and feminist idea about female friendship, the researcher applied the theory to analyze the ways of female friendship can make way for the survival of the main characters living under Chinese patriarchal culture. After all the problems were completely answered, the last step was drawing a conclusion. The conclusion contained the crucial points of this study based on the results of the analysis.

CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS

Because there are two problems formulated, this analysis is divided into two sections. The first part will reveal the difficult conditions of living under Chinese patriarchal culture depicted in the life of the main characters – Lily and Snow Flower. The second part will analyze how the friendship between the main characters contributes to their survival in the difficult condition of living under Chinese patriarchal culture.

A. The Difficult Conditions of Living under Chinese Patriarchal Culture

Depicted through the life of the Main Characters The theory of characters is used to understand the characters which are presented as the persons who even have the moral qualities in a literary work through what they say and what they do. In this novel, Lily and Snow Flower are included in what is meant by M.H. Abrams as characters. The researcher makes an overview of the characters through what they say or they do and their conversations with others. Therefore, through the characters, through what they say and what they act, the researcher finds out that they talk about the difficult conditions of women living under Chinese patriarchal culture. As an example of the dialogue that shows the difficult conditions of women living under Chinese patriarchal culture is found in 22 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI