33 of planning, action, observing and reflecting Kemmis and McTaggart 1988:15.
There are four steps to do. It is shown in the classroom action research spiral of plan, action, observation, and reflection. Therefore, by doing this method,
improvements of having critical thinking will be seen and make a better learning process for the students.
According to Watson and Stuart 2001, reflection can be defined as invitation to think deeply about our actions so that we may act with more insight
and effectiveness in the future; processing, analyzing, and integrating your experiences through writing, discussions with friends, art, etc. This last step is
expected to give better problem solution to be applied in the second cycle and the next cycle if it is needed. Therefore, by doing this step, the improvement of
having critical thinking would be achieved and making better learning for students.
3.2 Research Setting
The research setting of this study was SMPN 2 Yogyakarta. This place is located in Jalan Penambahan Senopati, number 28-30, Yogyakarta. However, in
this research, the researcher had prepared this research since July 2014 when the researcher was having a teaching practice in SMPN 2 Yogyakarta and found
problem happened there. Therefore the researcher used it as a chance to develop it as a research.
34
3.3 Research Participant
The participants in this study was 8 G class students of SMPN Yogyakarta. There were 30 students in this class consisting of 12 male and 18
female students. Their characteristics were almost the same. All of the students liked English language course.
In this research, the researcher became the teacher and also the observer. In the classroom the teacher employed online learning media technique. All
students were asked to use media in order to know whether the technique used in this study was
succeeded to improve students’ critical thinking or not.
3.4 Research Instruments
The instruments of this study were journal log, observation sheet, questionnaire, and interview before and after implementing classroom action
research. This research instruments gave feedback on the implementation. Therefore, the feedback would develop their motivation to use Edmodo in the
next session. 3.4.1
Journal-log This Journal-log was from the students. According to David 2000, the
activity of journal-loging or reflecting can engage meaningful thinking. By doing this Journal-log, students were able to give comments on their activities using
Edmodo. The journal-log was employed after the class when they have done using Edmodo. The students told their experience happened in the learning process
using Edmodo in the column provided in the journal-log, and then the teacher
35 gave feedback to support their language learning progress. It could show the
students response about their feeling on the material using Edmodo.
Meeting :
Technique :
1. How was your learning using Edmodo?
2. What have we learned today?
3. What is your plan in the next meeting?
4. Feedback from the teacher.
Figure 3.2 Students’ Journal-Log
3.4.2 Observation sheet. This observation sheet was for the observer who was also as a teacher in
the classroom. It was to help the teacher to make improvement in teaching learning process in the class. It aimed
at knowing the students’ progress in the learning process. Therefore, everything that student had done will be written in
36 this observation sheet. In this study, field notes were used to write or record the
responses, contributions, or participation of the students of 8 G class of SMPN 2 Yogyakarta on the action happened in the classroom while the action was
implemented.
OBSERVATION SHEET Meeting :
Material : Activities
Students’ Responses
Figure 3.3 Students’ Observation Sheet
3.4.3 Interview The interview was conducted before and after implementing CAR. The
interview before implementing CAR was held before the researcher implemented CAR. This interview was conducted on both students and English class teacher. It
functioned to help the researcher to know students problems by giving them question related to their teaching and learning process they did before. The
interview after implementing the CAR was conducted to the students and the English teacher after implementing CAR. It functioned at knowing students and
teacher responses and opinion on the use of Edmodo for students ’ critical
37 thinking. The interview data could be used as foundation n for the researcher to
find a solution and decrease the problem faced by the 8 G class students in SMPN 2 Yogyakarta.
3.4.4 Questionnaire
The Questionnaire was held after the students use online learning media technique using Edmodo. It functioned for the researcher to know their feeling
and respond on the use of Edmodo. It was also to find out the reaction of the students whether it helped them in facilitating their critical thinking aspect or not.
There were 22 questions provided in the questionnaire. It consisted of Yes and No choices. In the questionnaire, the researcher provided some questions
related with the purpose of the research. The researcher wanted to see whether the students had achieved the goal of having critical thinking using Edmodo or
not.
3.5 Data Gathering Technique
