15
digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id
Those definitions can be
concluded that authentic materials are any materials produced for non-pedagogical purpose and used in a
classroom
activity to
show
the reality of English use.
Authentic materials, included authentic texts, can provide meaningful exposure to language as it is typically used and help the
learners to prepare for the reality of language use.
18
D. Kinds of Authentic Materials
Teaching materials are very important aspect to learn foreign language. Sources of teaching materials are widely provided in this modern era and one of
the most accessible sources are internet.
19
Rashid Majid quoted from Genhard, stated that authentic materials are classified into three categories as the
following:
20
1. Authentic listening materials, such as radio news, cartoons, songs, etc.
2. Authentic visual materials, such as street signs, magazines and
newspapers pictures, post cards, etc. 3.
Authentic printed materials, such as sports reports, newspapers, restaurant menus, train tickets, etc.
18
Tom Hutchinson ………. p.68
19
Rashid Haned Al Azri Majid Hilal Al- Rashdi, “The Effect of ………. “
20
Rashid Haned Al Azri Majid Hilal Al- Rashdi, “The Effect of ………. “
16
digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id
Based on the Fact Sheet published by California Department of Education, there are two main categories of authentic materials; print and auditory.
21
1. Authentic print materials include utility bills, packing slips, order forms,
websites, traffic tickets, greeting cards, calendars, report cards, TV guides, food labels, magazines, newspapers, etc.
2. Authentic auditory materials include phone messages, radio broadcasts,
podcasts, e-books, movies, videos and DVDs, television programs, etc.
The categories published by California Department of Education are used by the researcher to analyze the kinds of authentic materials used by the English
teacher as the research subject. Using these categories, the researcher would be easier in categorizing the authentic materials because there are only two
categories; those are print and auditory material.
E. Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Authentic Materials
There
are many advantages of using authentic materials in learning process, especially in ESP classroom. Harmer, as quoted by Rashid Majid
stated that authentic material have positive effects on learners; 1 helps learners to produce better language, 2 helps learners to acquire the language faster, and
21
Fact Sheet No.1, Developed by the California Adult Literacy Professional Development Project CALPRO, September 2007
17
digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id
3 makes learners more confident to deal with real life situations.
22
Kilickya also mentioned the main advantages of using authentic materials are: 1 they have a
positive effect on learner motivation, 2 they provide authentic cultural information, 3 they provide exposure to real language, 4 they relate more
closely to learners’ needs, and 5 they support a more creative approach to teaching.
23
The other advantages are stated by Alejandro G. Martinez that there are several advantages in using authentic materials for teaching English such as
exposing to real discourse for the learner, informing the learner what is happening in the real world, producing a sense of achievement, being able to be used under
different circumstances, being ideal to teach or practice skimming and scanning for reading texts, containing a wide variety of text types, and being able to
encourage reading for pleasure because they contain interesting topics to the learners.
24
Those are some advantages argued by some writers about using authentic materials. From those ideas, it can be concluded that using authentic materials in
English language teaching, especially in ESP classroom, are so much useful for the learners. Those advantages may not be found in conventional non-authentic
22
Rashid Haned Al Azri Majid Hilal Al- Rashdi, “The Effect of ………. “
23
Ferit Kilickaya, “Authentic materials and cultural content in EFL classrooms”, The Internet TESL Journal 10 7, 2004, from
http:iteslj.orgTechniquesKilickaya-AutenticMaterial.html , accessed on
11
th
April 2016 at 12.03 PM
24
Alejandro G. Martinez, “Authentic Materials: An Overvie”, Karens Linguistics Issues, 2002, from http:www.metu.edu.tr~kilickay
, accessed on 11
th
April 2016 at 12.25 PM
18
digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id
teaching materials. However, using authentic materials also have some disadvantages.
Kilickaya claimed that authentic materials add a burden on teachers, as they may contain difficult vocabulary and complex language structures which
need more effort to be simplified and explained, in order to make them appropriate for the learners.
25
Alejandro G. Martinez also mentioned the disadvantage of using authentic materials for teaching English. He stated that
authentic materials might be too culturally biased, might be irrelevant to the students immediate needs in the vocabulary, were too many mixed structures
which make lower levels have a hard time decoding the texts, needed special preparation which spent much time, were too many different accents in listening,
and became outdated easily like news.
26
Although there are some disadvantages, the learners will feel better with authentic materials that help them involve in the real language as long as the
teachers provide them with pedagogical support. In addition, as mentioned by Rashid and Majid, the results of the study carried out by Baniabdelrahman had
proved that using authentic materials in teaching English to EFL learners is more effective than using non-authentic materials.
27
25
Ferit Kilickaya, “Authentic materials and ……….”
26
Alejandro G. Martinez, “Authentic Materials: ……….”
27
Rashid Haned Al Azri Majid Hilal Al- Rashdi, “The Effect of ………. “
19
digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id
F. Selecting Authentic Materials for ESP Classroom
