CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
Generally, research is divided into three steps, namely collecting data, analyzing data and presenting the result of analysis. Every step has its own method and
every method has its own technique. In this chapter, the writer describes research design or type of the research, data population, sample and sampling technique, as
well as methods and techniques to collect and analyze data.
3.1. Research Design
The topic of the research is person deixis. It can be seen from pragmatics and semantics domains. However, the research tends to be more pragmatic than
semantic. It is because the analysis is not only limited to the meaning of person deixis used by SBY but also includes the use of person deixis based on the
immediate context. The data are downloaded from Youtube, the writer regards the data as actual phenomenon of language use. The actual phenomenon that the
writer analyzes is the use of person deixis in SBY’s speech at Harvard University. In general, language research is descriptive qualitative research, so does
the research. The research is descriptive research because it describes the actual data systematically according to the actual situation. The writer describes types of
person deixis, function of person deixis used by SBY in his speech at Harvard University. In addition, this research also uses qualitative method since the data
that the writer investigates are in the form of words, not number. In the spoken form of SBY’s speech. Language data are actually qualitative data. That is why
the description is mostly in words rather than in number. However, the data can be analyzed quantitatively by changing the data into
number. The writer uses quantitative method to support qualitative method. Quantitative method is used to show the tendency of SBY in choosing certain
person deixis. Each type of deixis is counted to make percentage. Then, the writer compares each type of person deixis according to the percentage, so the writer
knows the tendency and finds out why SBY chooses certain person deixis rather than others.
3.2. Data Population, Samples, Sampling Technique
Since the writer analyzes person deixis in the speech of SBY, the population is all of the utterances spoken by SBY in his speech. The writer does not analyze all
types of deixis namely person deixis, place deixis and time deixis. Instead, she just analyzes person deixis because the dominant deixis used in SBY’s speech are
person deixis while other types are not majorly used. The writer uses purposive sampling technique because the writer chooses
purposively the analyzed data. The writer does not describe all of the person deixis that SBY uses, but she just takes some samples for analysis. In language
research, data samples are not necessary in a large number as long as the sample can represent all of the data population. The writer chooses intentionally some
deixis from every type that can represent each type of deixis in utterance. The samples are taken from every type of person deixis, namely first person, second
person, and third person.
3.3. Method of Data Collection
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