F. Definition of Terms
In order to avoid misconceptions and give the clearer boundaries in the research, some terms are defined below.
1. Designing
According to Hutchinson and Waters 1987: 65, designing is defined as the process of creating a new set of materials that fits the learning objectives and
specifies subject area of particular learners. In this study, designing refers to the development of reading instructional materials to help the learners achieve
particular goals in learning English. 2.
Instructional Materials Instructional materials are a set of clear and coherent units which will
guide teachers and learners through various activities in the teaching-learning process Hutchinson and Waters, 1987: 107. In other words, it can be the
guidelines for the teacher to organize the teaching-learning process. Therefore, in this study, instructional materials are a set of materials which facilitate the
teaching-learning process so that it can help the student gain reading comprehension skills.
3. Reading
According to Nunan 2003: 68, reading is a fluent process of readers combining information from a text and their own background knowledge to build
meaning. In this study, reading is one of the four English skills that should be
mastered by the students. Reading skill, then, include the skill to understand the written texts in order to access the information.
4. Content-Based Instruction
According to Krahnke 1987, Content-Based Instruction is the teaching of content or information in the language being learned with little or no direct or
explicit effort to teach the language itself separately from the content being taught. In this study, Content-Based Instruction is an English teaching method
which is conducted through acquiring the information. In other words, teaching English is conducted indirectly.
5. Tenth Grade Students
Tenth grade students are the students in their first year in senior high school level. The average age of the tenth grade students is about 15-16.
According to Hurlock 1980, they are in a transition period between puberty and adult.
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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE