Definition of Terms INTRODUCTION

7 public speaking class, extensive reading class, and the other subjects that use PBL as one of the teaching method.

F. Definition of Terms

1. Perception Gibson 1985 defines perception as the acquisition of specific knowledge about object or events at any particular moment. It occurs whenever stimuli activate the senses. Thus perception involves receiving stimuli, organizing the stimuli, and interpreting the organized stimuli so as to influence behavior and form attitudes. p.60. Meanwhile, Kreitner and Kinicki 1992 define perception as a mental and cognitive process which makes us able to interpret and understand our environment 2. Project-Based Learning Project-based learning is an approach which organizes learning around projects Thomas, 2000. It was introduced in the field of education as an approach to implement student-centered teaching Hedge, 1993 as cited in Beckett, 2006, p.55. It is a possible means to promote language and content learning in EFL English as a foreign language classroom Kobayashi 2006. Jones, Rasmussen Moffitt, 1997; Thomas, Mergendoller, Michaelson, 1999 define project-based learning as complex tasks which typically based on challenging problems or questions, involving students in designing, problem- solving, decision making, or investigating activities. Students are given extended 8 periods of time to work autonomously and expected to produce realistic products or presentation as cited in Thomas, 2000, p.1. 3. Sociolinguistics Class Sociolinguistics class is one of the courses in English Language Education Study Program Sanata Dharma University Yogyakarta. This course implements PBL as the final remark of the course. As Trudgill 1983 says, Sociolinguistics is a part of linguistics dealing with language as a social and cultural phenomenon p.32. This theory is supported by Radford et al. 1999 defining that Sociolinguistics is “The study of the relationship between language use and the structure of the society” p.1. 4. ELESP Sanata Dharma University ELESP stands for English Language Education Study Program. It is a study program majoring English Education. The students of this study program are expected to be a teacher. 9 CHAPTHER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Chapter two presents the discussion of the theories underlining this study. It contains theoretical description and theoretical framework. The theoretical description is to describe the theoretical review of the issues, while theoretical framework presents the theories to formulate the orientation of this study.

A. Theoretical Description