Temulawak Extract Jamu Gendong

5 Rice are composed by starch, protein, and other elements such as fat, crude fiber, minerals, vitamins, and water. The main carbohydrate in rice are 85-90 starch and only a fraction from 2,0 to 2,5 of pentosan, cellulose, hemicellulose, and 0,6 to 1,4 of sugar. Protein as the second largest constituent of starch. Highest lipid content of rice grains contained in the embryo and the aleurone layer gathered in lipid granules Argasasmita 2008. Other ingredients added in beras kencur extract are sugar, salt and in some cases, several jamu gendong producers may add cinnamon, kedawung seed, ginger, tamarind, turmeric, lime and nutmeg. Although its composition is not the same for every jamu gendong producers bacause of financial matters, according to Sina 2012, the composition of beras kencur extract that are generally vendored are rice that are roasted for 5-10 minutes, 15 kg of kencur, 7,5 kg of ginger, 2,5 kg of cinnamon, 50 gr of palm sugar, 10 kg of salt, 0,5 gr of cloves, 2 kg curcumin and 50 lt of water. 2.1.3 Jamu Gendong Processing Jamu gendong processing can generally be divided into two methods depending on the product, one which applies thermal and the other does not Pratiwi 2005 and Zulaikhah 2005. There are certain jamu gendong products that do not undergo heating, such as beras kencur and temulawak extract because of their high starch content while other jamu gendong products does. Starch content in temulawak rhizome varied between 48 to 54 Susanti 2009, rice starch content ranged from 76-82 Argasasmita 2008 while kencur rhizomes contain starch content ranging from 51,09 – 79,71 Rostiana 2011. Due to the nature of their methods of preparation which involve extensive handling, they are prone to contamination from soil, water, air environment and human activities. Jamu gendong processing flow chart with and without boiling are shown on Figure 1 and 2. 6 Figure 1 Jamu gendong processing flow chart through boiling Figure 2 Jamu gendong processing flow chart without boiling First, raw materials go through sortation and washing. After being washed, raw materials go through mashing in a wooden traditional pestle. This process