27
will have a tendency to listen carefully when the speech comes to a close; they will consider what the speaker says at the end of his or her speech is important
and they will remember it. For this reason, the conclusion has three essential functions: to review the thesis, to review your main points, and to provide a
memorable final remark Adler and Rodman, 2006: 366. The last part is Bibliography. It is a list of the books and articles that have been used by the
speaker when writing the speech.
2.3 Theoretical Frame Work
In conducting this study, the writer uses George Yule’s theories in his book entitled Pragmatics published by Oxford University Press in 1996. It provides
theories about pragmatics which includes the theory of speech acts which is directly related to the writer’s study “A Speech Act Analysis of Martin Luther
King, Jr.’s Speech Entitled “I Have a Dream “. Here, the writer will analyze the use of speech acts from the text of Martin Luther King Jr’s speech entitled “I
Have a Dream”. Therefore, the writer uses his theories about speech acts. Yule states that in attempting to express themselves, people will not only
produce utterances with grammatical structure and words, they perform actions through those utterances. If you are working for a very dictatorial boss with a
great deal of power, then your boss says, “You’re fired”, it more than just a statement. That statement also performs the act of ending your employment.
Action performed through utterances generally called speech act.
28
Yule 1996: 53 states that speech acts can be categorized into five classifications which are representative, directive, commissive, expressive, and
declaration. The writer analyzes the use of speech act in Martin Luther King Jr.’s
speech entitled “I Have a Dream” based on those five classification of speech acts.
29
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter deals with research methodology which consists of type of research, object of the study, types of data, role of the researcher, technique of
collecting data, technique of analyzing data, and technique of reporting result.
3.1 Type of Research
This study uses qualitative research since the data engaged are displayed in the form of words. Miles and Huberman state that such data are supposed to be
qualitative data Niken Wahyu Ratih: 2005. Qualitative research doesn’t focus on numerals or statistics but give most attention to how deep the researcher’s
knowledge toward the interaction among concepts, which is being learnt. This consideration leads me to support my study by conducting library
research. I explore some reference source books, jot down important information and ideas from significance authors to support my final project.
3.2 Object of the Study
