Previous Research THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

13 created for a work of fiction. 14 The story will not work without any figure on it, because the story must tells about somebody, or something. It means that a character’s presence plays a big role in the story. Character in the story must have some habits or attitude that made us interested in analyzing them. In the movie, if we are interested with the characters, means that there are possibilities that we will interest to watch the movie until the end, that is why character plays a big role in the story. According to Barsam 15 , character divided into three; 1 Round and Flat character, 2 Major and Minor marginal character, and 3 Protagonist and Antagonist character. Round character are complex and three dimensional character, they are unpredictable. Their attitude is different from the beginning of the story until the end. They can surprise us in convincing way. Otherwise, flat character is one dimensional character. Their action and motivation is predictable and their attitude does not change until the end of the story. Major character is the most important character in the plot because he or she makes the most things happen or most things happen to them in the story. Major character can be either a protagonist or antagonist. Protagonist is the central figure in the story and sometimes referred as a hero, but the hero can be good or bad. It depends on who heshe struggles with. Besides, minor character plays a less important role in the overall movie. His function is only to make the movie’s plot going forward or to fleshing out the motivations of the major characters. 14 Jane Bachman Gordon and Karen Kuehner, Fiction The Elements of the Short Story, Columbus: Mc. Graw Hill, 1999, p. 95 15 Barsam, pp. 134-138 14 The protagonist character can be a hero, and those heroes can be either good or bad. It depends on what they oppose or what oppose them. The protagonist should have clear convictions and well motivated action in doing what he did. They also are able to change and evolve in response to events and other character. In the other hand, the antagonist is the opposite of protagonist. He is the one who provokes the protagonist’s action or reaction. Some story will just tell about the hero protagonist versus villain antagonist, but sometimes it will more complicated than that. The antagonist is not always one person. It can be a group of character, political party, and others.

2. Characterization

Characterization is the process of the actors interpreting a character in a movie. 16 In other words, characterization is the way character shows or describes their characteristics in the movie. In literary work, characterization can be seen through direct and indirect characterization 17 , but in analyzing a movie we need more than that. According to Boggs, 18 characterization in movie can be divided into eight ways, they are: a Characterization Through Appearance Appearance hold the big role in the characterization because most of film actors project certain qualities of character the minute they appear on the screen. People can see actors outfit, the way they walk, facial expression, their clothes, physical build, mannerism, their nature, and that make a 16 Ibid, p. 137 17 Gordon and Kuehner, p. 98 18 Joseph M. Boggs and Dennis W. Petrie. The Art of Watching Films Seventh Edition. New York: Mc. Graw Hill. 2008, p. 60