Background of the Study

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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

This chapter contains introduction that consists of background of the study, statement of the problems, purpose of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation, and definition of the key terms.

1.1 Background of the Study

In the world of globalization era, English has become ordinary for many people in the world. Since it is ordinary, people use English as a tools to communicate moreover for teaching and learning process. As a foreign language, English is learned thoroughly for communication in international world. If someone has an ability to use English language, it means that he has an opportunity to communicate with people in the world. In teaching and learning process, English is thought widely at formal school starting from elementary up to universities, even at informal school. There are four English skills to learn namely speaking, reading, writing, and listening skills. Khamkhien 2010 says that speaking is seems to be the most important in learning English. It means that speaking skill provides students to produce English orally. Moreover, by mastering English speaking students are able to use language to communicate effectively and appropriately for all lifes ’ requirements both social and academic. 2 Children or young learners are usually described as learners aged between six to ten or eleven years old. Young learners are natural learners because they are curious about the world around them and they learn by doing, active, and very curious explained by Halimi 2010. Linse 2005 says that, for children, it would be better if teacher teach speaking skill first to the students than other skills. Practically, speaking is not as easy as we think. Many students get difficult when they face speaking subject. It is because they do not brave enough to share their idea in English. In teaching English for young learners, teacher becomes the most influential person in the classroom because shehe has to create a conductive classroom athmosphere. Moreover, English teacher is expected to use appropriate methods, systems, and techniques to make teaching and learning English more effective. Harmer 2007 concludes that in the process of teaching and learning, teachers should use appropriate media and techniques bas ed on the students’ ability. It means that, by using appropriate techniques teacher can improve students speaking skill and catch students’ attention. Prasetyowati 2008 who conducted a research on the techniques used by the teacher in teaching speaking at Daffodils Course, Pare – Kediri, found that the techniques were speeches, role play, small group and audio taped. The teacher uses those various techniques to make the students speak English. Speaking skill is also taught in SDN Junrejo 1 Kota Batu. In this situation, speaking is considered to be one subject which is have to be learnt since English is an international language. Based on the interview with the English teacher of SDN 3 Junrejo 1 Kota Batu, she said that she found some difficulties in teaching speaking to young learners. The students felt difficult in writing and spelling. The teacher try hard to teach the students by using some techniques in order to make them speak English. Moreover, there were also some non-linguistics problems. For instance, they did not participate the class well and walked around the class so that it distributed the teaching and learning process. Therefore, the English teacher should have some briliant teaching techniques to deliver the material and solve the problem in class. In short, teaching speaking techniques is important because it deals with how the teacher encourage the students to speak. Moreover, the success of teaching speaking is influenced by the techniques which are used by the teacher. For the reason above, the researcher is interested in observing the teaching speaking techniques used by teacher at SDN Junrejo 1 Kota Batu.

1.2 Statement of the Problems