A STUDY OF TEACHING TECHNIQUES USED BY TEACHER IN TEACHING ENGLISH AT SMAN 1 JAYAPURA
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A STUDY OF TEACHING TECHNIQUES USED BY TEACHER IN TEACHING ENGLISH AT SMAN 1 JAYAPURA
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education
DioWinardi 201110100311094
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
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A STUDY OF TEACHING TECHNIQUES USED BY TEACHERS IN TEACHING ENGLISH AT SMAN 1 JAYAPURA
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education
DioWinardi 201110100311094
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
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vi MOTTO
EAT FAILURE AND YOU WILL KNOW THE TASTE OF SUCCESS, THINK AS BIG AS GALAXY!
DEDICATION
To Allah who always gives blessing
To my beloved parents who always give spirit and as my inspiration (Father: Drs. Sujono and Mother: Ninik Nugrahani).
To my beloved brother (Adam Zoulfikar and Yusuf) To my beloved Sister (Wulan Fifiyana Mentari)
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Bismillahirahmanirahim
Alhamdulillah, the writer would like to thank Allah SWT for His blessing and mercy given to him so that he could finish this thesis. He also wants to send shalawat and greeting to his beloved prophet Muhammad SAW as the messenger of Allah SWT.
There were many persons who were involved in the processing of completing this thesis. Therefore, he likes to express his attitude to the following persons:
1. His advisor, Dr. Sudiran, M. Hum as his first advisor, and Drs. Taufiq Burhan,M.Pd as his second advisor, for their suggestions, invaluable guidance and advice during the consultation period, and their comments and corrections during the completion this thesis.
2. His beloved parents, Drs. Sujono and Ninik Nugrahani who always give advice, pray, support to reach the success. To his sister and brother (Wulan and Adam) who give support, prayer, and affection for him.
3. For SMAN1 Jayapura especially the Headmaster, Mr Drs.Ariantokadir, M.Si. Hishelp, guidance and suggestions, the English teacher, Mr. Roland F. Manurung,S.Pd for his help, guidance and suggestions and the students of SMAN1 Jayapura for the cooperation during the data collection.
4. His friends, thanks for your pray and supports especially for his best friends, Fajar Wirawan, S.Pd, Umi Quriatul Ngainiah, S.Pd, Rifki Rachman Safri, S.pd, Mr. Heri Marpaung and Mrs. Heri as his parents in Malang, all of his friends in boarding house gang 15C No.11A, Landungsari and All of his friends at B class of English department 2011 and for his special person who always give support and pray for him. May Allah bless them all’s
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TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER ... i
APPROVAL ... ii
LEGALIZATION ... iii
ORIGINALITY DECLARATION ... iv
ABSTRACT ... v
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ... viii
TABLE OF APPENDIX ... x
CHAPTER IINTRODUCTION ... 1
1.1Background of the Study ... 1
1.2Statement of the Problems... 3
1.3Purpose of the Study ... 4
1.4Significant of the Study ... 4
1.5Scope and Limitation of the Study ... 5
1.6Definition of the Key Terms ... 5
CHAPTER IIREVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ... 6
2.1 Teaching English as Foreign Language ... 6
2.2 Teaching Method ... 7
2.3 Definition of Teaching Technique ... 7
2.4 Method and Techniques at teaching a language ... 8
2.4.1 The Grammar-Translation Method ... 8
2.4.2The Direct Method ... 10
2.4.3The Audio Lingual Method ... 11
2.4.4The Silent Way ... 12
2.4.5Community Language Learning... 13
2.6.6Communicative Language Teaching ... 15
2.5 Description of SMAN 1 Jayapura ... 16
CHAPTER IIIRESEARCH METHODOLOGY ... 17
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3.2Research Subject ... 18
3.3 Research Instrument ... 18
3.3.1 Observation ... 18
3.3.2 Interview... 19
3.3.3Documentation ... 20
2.3.3.1 Personal Documents ... 21
2.3.3.2 Official Document ... 21
3.4 Data collection ... 22
3.5 Data analysis ... 23
CHAPTER IVFINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ... 24
4.1 Research Findings ... 24
4.2 Kinds of Teaching Technic in Teaching English ... 24
4.2.1 Techniques in Grammar-Translation Method ... 24
4.2.2 Techniques in Direct Method ... 26
4.2.3 Techniques in The Audio Lingual Method ... 26
4.2.4 Techniques in The Silent Way ... 27
4.2.5 Techniques in Community Language Learning ... 28
4.2.6 Techniques in Communicative Language Teaching ... 28
4.3 The Strengths and the Weaknesses of Teaching Techniques in Teaching English ... 29
4.4 The Weaknesses of Teaching Techniques in Teaching English ... 31
4.5 Discussion ... 33
CHAPTER VCONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ... 35
5.1 Conclusions ... 35
5.2 Suggestions ... 36
5.2.1 Suggestions for English teachers... 36
5.2.2 Suggestions for Further Researchers ... 36
BIBLIOGRAPHY ... 37
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TABLE OF APPENDIX
Appendix I Observation Sheet 1 ... 38
Appendix II Observation Sheet 2 ... 40
Appendix III Observation Sheet 3 ... 42
Appendix IV Observation Sheet 4 ... 44
Appendix V Teacher’s Interview Guide ... 47
Appendix VIStudents’ Interview Guide1... 52
Appendix VIIStudents’ Interview Guide2 ... 54
Appendix VIIIStudents’ Interview Guide3 ... 56
AppendixIXStudents’ Interview Guide4 ... 58
RencanaPelaksanaanPembelajaran 1………..60
RencanaPelaksanaanPembelajaran 2……….……….66
RencanaPelaksanaanPembelajaran 3………...…….…..72
RencanaPelaksanaanPembelajaran 4………..…77
RencanaPelaksanaanPembelajaran 5……….……….80
Documentation ... 83
Permission Letter ... 92
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Ambarwati, Wiwid. 2007. Study on The English Teaching techniques at The First
Grade of SMU Al-Islam Krian. Unpublished Thesis. Malang: UMM
Ary, Donald. 2010. Introduction to Research in Education. Canada: Wadsworth Clerk, De. 2011. Instruments and guidelines for qualitative fieldwork.UA:
European Union 7th framework Programme for Research
Cohen, Louis & Manion, Lawrence 1996. Research methods in education.
London: Routledge
Cothari, C.R. 2004. Research Methodology (Methods and techniques). Jaipur: New Age International (P) Ltd., Publishers
Darningsih. 2005. Peningkatan Penguasaan Kosakata untuk memahami Wacana Bahasa Inggris melalui Penggunaan Media Permainan Scrabble pada
Siswa Kelas I SMP Negeri 2 Ampel Boyolali. 7th March 2015 from
https://www.academia.edu/6123699/Skripsi_bahasa_indo_permainan_srab ble
Kemendiknas. 2012. Senior High School Definition (online). Retrieved on 8th March 2015 from (http://www.kemdiknas.go.id/kemdikbud/peserta-didik-sekolah-menengah-atas: 2012)
Lansen, Freeman.2008. Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching. New York: Oxford University Press
Moleong, Lexi. 2014. Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: Publiser PT.Remaja Rosdakarya
Patel, Jain. 2008. English language teaching (Methods, Tools & Techniques).
Jaipur: Sunrise Publisher and distributors.
Signh, Rajinder. 2006. Teaching of English. New Delhi: Lotus Press.
SMAN 1 Jayapura 2015. SMAN 1 Jayapura website (online). Retrieved on 8th March 2015 from from (http://www.smansakotajayapura.sch.id/, 2015). Suyono and Hariyanto. 2014. Belajar dan pembelajaran. Bandung: PT. Remaja
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1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents background of the study, statement of the problems, purposes of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation, and definition of the key terms.
1.1Background of the Study
Language is a tool that is used to transfer and understand information in a communication. We cannot share and receive anything without language. English plays an important role in society because English is an international language that is widely used around the world. Darningsih (2005:2), stated that today, English is used as an international language. It’s important to master English. English is a language that is widely used in every aspect of life such as science, education, business, and entertainment.
The graduated students, from senior high schools in Indonesia, are required to have good competitiveness and mastering in English. They can continue their study to university or get a job easily if they can master it well. Another important thing to master English is to face ASEAN Economic Community in 2015. It means that the graduated students from developing countries such as Indonesia should master English to face the ASEAN Economic Community. Without mastering English well, they can’t communicate with other people in ASEAN countries and they also cannot participate on competition in working field at the ASEAN Economic Community.
In fact, the recent results of learning and teaching English in Indonesia are unsatisfactory. Ambarwati (2007), in last few Decades, most students had felt
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unsatisfactory with the result of the English teaching. This is because teaching and learning product is not applicable in real life because most of the teaching is centered to text book that is seldom relieved by more exiting activities or more interest readings. The lessons are most frequently lecturers, recitation, questioning, or detailed workbook exercises, and quizzes largely limited to facts and information without much change for students to think, act, react, or enjoy. It is a problem, because teacher must have technics of teaching to make English easy to learn.
Learners are unique individuals and have different interests. There are learners who have auditory; some have visual interests and the other have kinesthetic interests. Teacher should understand the student’s interests and have ability to create creative variations in teaching and learning process, that makes students increase their motivation to learning English and avoid boredom then the result of learning and teaching English is satisfactory. The ability of the teacher to use technics in teaching and learning process is important because the graduated students are expected not only get the knowledge, but also can implement their ability in using English in the real life such as to continue their study at university or find a job in the work field.
In his research, Wardana (2013) investigates the techniques used by the English teacher in teaching English at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Kepanjen-Malang. He found several techniques applied by the teacher in teaching and learning process. They are lecture technique, drilling technique, demonstration technique, question-answer technique, and song technique. Lecture technique was preferred technique because the students enjoyed the lesson and interested in getting more
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lesson from the teacher, while in research that was conducted by Faizin (2009) in Wardana (2013), found out kinds of techniques, namely lecturing, direct experience, demonstration, game and discussion. The different technics that are used by the teacher depend on the student’s needs, student’s interest and the condition of the school. From the statements above, the solution that can be increase the student’s ability and the result in learning and teaching English is the implementation of using techniqes that used by the teacher.
Based on the statement presented above, the researcher conducts this research to find out suitable technique in teaching and learning process. It can help the teacher to find the suitable technique that can be used to teach effectively, especially in SMAN1 Jayapura. This school is chosen because it is one of first senior high schools in Jayapura, which was built on 1st August 1965. This school is also a favorite school. The students are from many ethnics in Indonesia such as Javanese, Sundanese, Papuan, Toraja, Bugis, Ambonese, etc., which has different background. It makes challenge to teach them effectively. The teacher must know and have the ability to apply suitable technique that may arouse student’s attention and avoid boredom in learning English. That is why the researcher need to know more about the English teaching and learning activities in this senior high school. 1.2Statement of the Problems
Based on the background above, problems of this study are stated as follows:
1. What kinds of teaching technique are used in teaching English at SMAN 1 Jayapura?
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2. How does the teacher use the teaching technique in teaching English at SMAN 1 Jayapura?
3. What are the weaknesses of the teaching technique in teaching English at SMAN 1 Jayapura?
4. What are the strengths of the teaching technique in teaching English at SMAN 1 Jayapura?
1.3 Purpose of the Study
1. To describe kinds of teaching technique used by teacher in teaching English at SMAN 1 Jayapura.
2. To describe the teacher use of the teaching technique in teaching English at SMAN 1 Jayapura.
3. To explain the weaknesses of the teaching technique in teaching English at SMAN 1 Jayapura.
4. To explain the strengths of the teaching technique in teaching English at SMAN 1 Jayapura.
1.4Significance of the Study
The result of this study is expected to give contribution for some parties. The first is for English teachers, the result of this research can be used as a reference because these studies contain important points about technique in teaching. The second is for readers who are interested in research about teaching technique. The last is for the students who want to conduct the same research. This study can be used as references to conduct similar research.
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1.5Scope and Limitation
The scope of this research covers the English teaching techniques used by the English teacher in teaching English in XI IPA 1 and XI IPA 2. This research is limited to investigation of one English teacher of the second grade.
1.6Definition of the Key Terms
To avoid misunderstanding, the key terms used in this study are defined below:
1. Teaching is that activity which influences learning but interpersonal relationship is an essential situation. (Singh, 2006:100).
2. Teaching technique is the implementation of teaching methods that real ongoing in the class, the trick or tactics to achieve the purpose of learning (Suyono and Hariyanto 2014:23)
3. Senior High school (SMA) is a continuation of primary education (http://www.kemdiknas.go.id/kemdikbud/peserta-didik-sekolah-menengah-atas:2012)
4. SMAN 1 jayapura is a senior high school that located at Biak Street, Abepura District ( 99351) Jayapura, Papua Province
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Ambarwati, Wiwid. 2007. Study on The English Teaching techniques at The First Grade of SMU Al-Islam Krian. Unpublished Thesis. Malang: UMM Ary, Donald. 2010. Introduction to Research in Education. Canada: Wadsworth Clerk, De. 2011. Instruments and guidelines for qualitative fieldwork.UA:
European Union 7th framework Programme for Research
Cohen, Louis & Manion, Lawrence 1996. Research methods in education. London: Routledge
Cothari, C.R. 2004. Research Methodology (Methods and techniques). Jaipur: New Age International (P) Ltd., Publishers
Darningsih. 2005. Peningkatan Penguasaan Kosakata untuk memahami Wacana Bahasa Inggris melalui Penggunaan Media Permainan Scrabble pada Siswa Kelas I SMP Negeri 2 Ampel Boyolali. 7th March 2015 from https://www.academia.edu/6123699/Skripsi_bahasa_indo_permainan_srab ble
Kemendiknas. 2012. Senior High School Definition (online). Retrieved on 8th March 2015 from (http://www.kemdiknas.go.id/kemdikbud/peserta-didik-sekolah-menengah-atas: 2012)
Lansen, Freeman.2008. Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching. New York: Oxford University Press
Moleong, Lexi. 2014. Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: Publiser PT.Remaja Rosdakarya
Patel, Jain. 2008. English language teaching (Methods, Tools & Techniques). Jaipur: Sunrise Publisher and distributors.
Signh, Rajinder. 2006. Teaching of English. New Delhi: Lotus Press.
SMAN 1 Jayapura 2015. SMAN 1 Jayapura website (online). Retrieved on 8th March 2015 from from (http://www.smansakotajayapura.sch.id/, 2015). Suyono and Hariyanto. 2014. Belajar dan pembelajaran. Bandung: PT. Remaja
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This chapter presents background of the study, statement of the problems, purposes of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation, and definition of the key terms.
1.1Background of the Study
Language is a tool that is used to transfer and understand information in a communication. We cannot share and receive anything without language. English plays an important role in society because English is an international language that is widely used around the world. Darningsih (2005:2), stated that today, English is used as an international language. It’s important to master English. English is a language that is widely used in every aspect of life such as science, education, business, and entertainment.
The graduated students, from senior high schools in Indonesia, are required to have good competitiveness and mastering in English. They can continue their study to university or get a job easily if they can master it well. Another important thing to master English is to face ASEAN Economic Community in 2015. It means that the graduated students from developing countries such as Indonesia should master English to face the ASEAN Economic Community. Without mastering English well, they can’t communicate with other people in ASEAN countries and they also cannot participate on competition in working field at the ASEAN Economic Community.
In fact, the recent results of learning and teaching English in Indonesia are unsatisfactory. Ambarwati (2007), in last few Decades, most students had felt
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unsatisfactory with the result of the English teaching. This is because teaching and learning product is not applicable in real life because most of the teaching is centered to text book that is seldom relieved by more exiting activities or more interest readings. The lessons are most frequently lecturers, recitation, questioning, or detailed workbook exercises, and quizzes largely limited to facts and information without much change for students to think, act, react, or enjoy. It is a problem, because teacher must have technics of teaching to make English easy to learn.
Learners are unique individuals and have different interests. There are learners who have auditory; some have visual interests and the other have kinesthetic interests. Teacher should understand the student’s interests and have ability to create creative variations in teaching and learning process, that makes students increase their motivation to learning English and avoid boredom then the result of learning and teaching English is satisfactory. The ability of the teacher to use technics in teaching and learning process is important because the graduated students are expected not only get the knowledge, but also can implement their ability in using English in the real life such as to continue their study at university or find a job in the work field.
In his research, Wardana (2013) investigates the techniques used by the English teacher in teaching English at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Kepanjen-Malang. He found several techniques applied by the teacher in teaching and learning process. They are lecture technique, drilling technique, demonstration technique, question-answer technique, and song technique. Lecture technique was preferred technique because the students enjoyed the lesson and interested in getting more
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lesson from the teacher, while in research that was conducted by Faizin (2009) in Wardana (2013), found out kinds of techniques, namely lecturing, direct experience, demonstration, game and discussion. The different technics that are used by the teacher depend on the student’s needs, student’s interest and the condition of the school. From the statements above, the solution that can be
increase the student’s ability and the result in learning and teaching English is the
implementation of using techniqes that used by the teacher.
Based on the statement presented above, the researcher conducts this research to find out suitable technique in teaching and learning process. It can help the teacher to find the suitable technique that can be used to teach effectively, especially in SMAN1 Jayapura. This school is chosen because it is one of first senior high schools in Jayapura, which was built on 1st August 1965. This school is also a favorite school. The students are from many ethnics in Indonesia such as Javanese, Sundanese, Papuan, Toraja, Bugis, Ambonese, etc., which has different background. It makes challenge to teach them effectively. The teacher must know and have the ability to apply suitable technique that may arouse student’s attention and avoid boredom in learning English. That is why the researcher need to know more about the English teaching and learning activities in this senior high school. 1.2Statement of the Problems
Based on the background above, problems of this study are stated as follows:
1. What kinds of teaching technique are used in teaching English at SMAN 1 Jayapura?
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2. How does the teacher use the teaching technique in teaching English at SMAN 1 Jayapura?
3. What are the weaknesses of the teaching technique in teaching English at SMAN 1 Jayapura?
4. What are the strengths of the teaching technique in teaching English at SMAN 1 Jayapura?
1.3 Purpose of the Study
1. To describe kinds of teaching technique used by teacher in teaching English at SMAN 1 Jayapura.
2. To describe the teacher use of the teaching technique in teaching English at SMAN 1 Jayapura.
3. To explain the weaknesses of the teaching technique in teaching English at SMAN 1 Jayapura.
4. To explain the strengths of the teaching technique in teaching English at SMAN 1 Jayapura.
1.4Significance of the Study
The result of this study is expected to give contribution for some parties. The first is for English teachers, the result of this research can be used as a reference because these studies contain important points about technique in teaching. The second is for readers who are interested in research about teaching technique. The last is for the students who want to conduct the same research. This study can be used as references to conduct similar research.
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1.5Scope and Limitation
The scope of this research covers the English teaching techniques used by the English teacher in teaching English in XI IPA 1 and XI IPA 2. This research is limited to investigation of one English teacher of the second grade.
1.6Definition of the Key Terms
To avoid misunderstanding, the key terms used in this study are defined below:
1. Teaching is that activity which influences learning but interpersonal relationship is an essential situation. (Singh, 2006:100).
2. Teaching technique is the implementation of teaching methods that real ongoing in the class, the trick or tactics to achieve the purpose of learning (Suyono and Hariyanto 2014:23)
3. Senior High school (SMA) is a continuation of primary education (http://www.kemdiknas.go.id/kemdikbud/peserta-didik-sekolah-menengah-atas:2012)
4. SMAN 1 jayapura is a senior high school that located at Biak Street, Abepura District ( 99351) Jayapura, Papua Province