99.99 Adaro Energy 2008 Annual Report English
Adaro Energy Annual Report 2008 www.adaro.com
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Corporate Strategy and Growth Targets
Our business model is one of integration of the coal supply chain to improve control and reliability, lower costs and become more eficient. In implementing this model we focus on increasing our
reserves, improving cost eficiency, developing our infrastructure, fostering strong community relations and developing and retaining our long term loyal blue chip customers.
For 2009, Adaro Energy continues to target 42-45 million tonnes of production although the actual number may end up in the lower part of that range. In the beginning of 2009, production was
continuing as planned, despite the wet weather conditions. In the next ive years Adaro Energy plans to increase production capacity to 80 million tonnes
per year. However, given the changing conditions in the global economy, Adaro Energy is making adjustments regarding how to best achieve this growth, with a view to maximizing shareholder
value and minimizing risk. The different options to achieve 80 million tonnes a year include building an overland conveyor over half the original distance, upgrading the existing road, andor building
in-pit conveyors. The planned overland conveyor would signiicantly reduce transportation costs, but is not essential to ramp up annual production to 80 million tonnes.
Further Integration from Pit to Port
An important part of Adaro Energy’s business model is to further increase the vertical and horizontal integration of the operations, so as to further improve control and eficiency. In 2009, Adaro Energy
will likely not make large growth investments. However, as well as making investments to improve the infrastructure and routine investments such as procuring mining equipment and purchasing
land, Adaro Energy will be making investments to further integrate the operations.
Government Regulations and Requirements Price Renegotiations
On December 11, 2008, Adaro Energy announced that Adaro Indonesia had temporarily suspended deliveries and declared force majeure to three customers after negotiations with them failed to
achieve a required new price by December 3, 2008. The repricing negotiations and the deadline were required by the Government of Indonesia. By the end of 2008, Adaro had made progress in
price renegotiations having reached an agreement with two buyers, and the proposed settlement was pending Government’s approval. Adaro is hopeful of achieving a satisfactory outcome. The
outcome of the price renegotiations is not expected to impact on Adaro’s 2009 volume or price guidance.
Impact of the New Mining Law On December 16, 2008, Indonesia passed Law Number 4 of 2009, which is known as the new Mining
Law. The new Mining Law, which came into effect on January 12, 2009 and which supersedes the previous Mining Law, known as Law No. 11 of 1967, contains many provisions, such as those
concerning maximum concession size, royalties and taxes, using afiliated parties and subsidiaries, using foreign contractors, etc. The impact of the new mining law cannot be determined until the
government issues its regulations on how the new mining law will be implemented. Adaro Energy’s legal department, together with external counsel, is reviewing the new Mining Law in regards to
Adaro Energy’s operations and expansion plans.
Customer Service Management Progam
Adaro provides global support to customers through two marketing ofices and an extensive network of representatives. These ofices and representatives provide administrative assistance
on deliveries and a clear communications link between Adaro and its customers.Adaro’s technical support team is available for expert advice on the handling and combustion of Envirocoal. Team
members include a consulting combustion engineer with more than 30 years experience in the utilization of sub-bituminous coals and lignites in power stations and other specialist consultants on
power plant operations. The team makes regular visits to all the plants world wide using envirocoal and provides expert advice on its utilization in power plant and industrial boiler operations. Advice
is also available on an as-required basis to all customers. Adaro sells on either an FOB or CIF
basis as required by the customer. Adaro’s shipping department in its Jakarta ofice is available to provide expert and independent advice on the optimal logistics solution for each customer as freight
markets change. Adaro’s operational staff are expert in the handling and storage of “Envirocoal”. This advice, including on-site visits before and during coal deliveries, is available to all customers.
Legal staff Bima Sinung and Sylvia Trianasari assess the potential
impact of the new mining law.
Contact Us Governing Adaro
Corporate Social Responsibility Financial Report
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Adaro Energy Annual Report 2008 www.adaro.com
Understanding Coal – The Where, What, Who and How
Where it Came From
Coal is a fossil fuel. It is a combustible, sedimentary, organic rock, which is composed mainly of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. It is formed from vegetation, which has been consolidated between
other rock strata and altered by the combined effects of pressure andor heat over millions of years to form coal seams.
Coal was formed from the altered remains of prehistoric vegetation that originally accumulated in swamps and peat bogs. The build-up of silt and other sediments, together with movements in the
earth’s crust known as tectonic movements buried these swamps and peat bogs, often to great depths. With burial, the plant material was subjected to high temperatures and pressures. This
caused physical and chemical changes in the vegetation, transforming it into peat and then into coal.
Coal formation began during the Carboniferous Period – known as the irst coal age – which spanned 360 million to 290 million years ago. The quality of each coal deposit is determined by
temperature and pressure and by the length of time in formation, which is referred to as its ‘organic maturity’. Initially the peat is converted into lignite or ‘brown coal’ – these are coaltypes with low
organic maturity. Lignite in its colour can range from dark black to various shades of brown. Over many more millions of years, the continuing effects of temperature and pressure produces
further change in the lignite, progressively increasing its organic maturity and transforming it into the range known as ‘sub-bituminous’ coals. Further chemical and physical changes occur until these
coals became harder and blacker, forming the ‘bituminous’ or ‘hard coals’. Under the right conditions, the progressive increase in the organic maturity can continue, inally forming anthracite.
What are the Types
The degree of change undergone by a coal as it matures from peat to anthracite – known as coaliication – has an important bearing on its physical and chemical properties and is referred
to as the ‘rank’ of the coal. Low rank coals, such as lignite and subbituminous coals are typically friable materials with a dull, earthy appearance. They are characterised by high moisture levels
and low carbon content, and therefore a low energy content. Higher rank coals are generally harder and stronger and often have a black, vitreous lustre. They contain more carbon, have lower
moisture content, and produce more energy. Anthracite is at the top of the rank scale and has a correspondingly higher carbon and energy content and a lower level of moisture
Owning Adaro Adaro in Summary
From Us to You Management Report
Running Adaro Understanding Coal –
The Where, What, Who and How
Adaro Energy Annual Report 2008 www.adaro.com
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How Much is There
Coal reserves are available in almost every country worldwide, with recoverable reserves in around 70 countries. At current production levels, proven coal reserves are estimated to last 133 years. In
contrast, proven oil and gas reserves are equivalent to around 42 to 60 years. Over 67 of oil and 66 of gas reserves are concentrated in the Middle East and Russia.
Coal: Proved Reserves at End 2007 Million tonnes
Anthracite and bituminous
Sub-Bituminous and lignite
Total Share of
Total RP ratio
Total North America 116,592
133,918 250,510
29.6 224
Total S. Cent. America 7,229
9,047 16,276
1.9 118
Total Europe Eurasia 102,042
170,204 272,246
32.1 224
Total Middle East Africa 50,817
174 50,991
6.0 186
Total Asia Paciic
154,216 103,249
257,465 30.4
70
Total World 430,896
416,592 847,488
100.0 133
Where is it Sold and Who Sells it
The world currently consumes over 5,500 Mt of coal. Coal provides 26 of global primary energy needs and generates 41 of the world’s electricity. Coal is used in a variety of sectors including
power generation, iron and steel production, cement manufacturing and as a liquid fuel however the majority of coal is either utilized in power generation, either thermal coal or lignite or in iron and
steel production with coking coal.
Global Energy Consumption by Fuel Million tonnes oil
equivalent 2006
2007 Oil
Coal Others
Total Oil
Coal Others
Total
North America 1,130.2
605.7 1,058.1
2,794.0 1,134.7
613.3 1,090.6
2,838.6 S. Cent. America
239.9 20.9
272.3 533.0
252.0 22.4
278.5 552.9
Europe Eurasia 969.0
532.6 1,508.1
3,009.7 949.4
533.7 1,504.4
2,987.5 Middle East
281.2 8.9
267.2 557.3
293.5 6.1
274.6 574.1
Africa 132.1
101.9 94.2
328.3 138.2
105.9 100.4
344.4 Asia Paciic
1,158.5 1,771.7
690.5 3,620.7
1,185.1 1,896.2
720.4 3,801.8
Total World 3,910.9
3,041.7 3,890.4
10,843.0 3,952.8
3,117.5 3,969.0 11,099.3
Of Total 36.1