ISSN: 2252-8806
IJPHS Vol. 4, No. 4, December 2015 : 256 – 263 260
combination of metformin at the dose of 45 mgkg bw and purified extract of Andrographis paniculata at the dose of 434.6 mgkg bw combination 1, and the last group was given a half dose of metformin 22.5 mg kg
bw and purified extract of Andrographis paniculata at the dose of 434.6 mgkg bw. All groups administered orally twice a day. The consentrasion of the andrographolide in the extract that was used not less than 15
[14]. The parameter used in the determination of hypoglycemic activity in this study was the expression of GLUT-4 protein in muscle tissue. The more of GLUT-4 protein expression occurred the more glucose was
transported to muscle tissue, so that the blood glucose level will decrease [20].
Combination of metformin and purified extract of Andrographis paniculata dropped the metformin activity significantly p0.05 after 55 days. The decrease of metformin activity was might regarding to the
drop of metformin absorption. This result was found on the first combination and second combination20. Hence, further study on interaction between metformin and purified extract of Andrographis paniculata is
needed to avoid the interaction between metformin and Andrographis paniculata extract.
3.6. Combination of Andrographis paniculata purified extract with other herbal medicine
During the optimization of the DM therapy often used a combination of several herbal medicines. Nugroho et al [21] had done a research on the effects of combination of n-hexane insoluble fraction of
ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata HIFA with other herbal medicines to improve their anti- diabetic effect. In that study, HIFA combined with curcuminoid fraction of Curcuma xanthorriza CFC and
HIFA combined with ethyl acetate soluble fraction of propolis ESP.
Figure 2 is showing the combination of HIFA and CFC provides the best hypoglycemic effect compare to HIFA that given singly or in combination with ESP. While at HIFA combination with ESP shows
a higher decrease in serum glucose levels than HIFA singly, even though the increase is not significantly. Thus this combination HIFA-CFC was potentially developed as the one of chosen therapy using herbal
medicine [21].
Figure 2. Effect of metformin positive control, single treatment of HIFA, combination HIFA-CFC,and
combination HIFA-ESF on blood glucose levels mgdL in high-fructose-fat-fed rats a and the percentage of reduction in blood glucose levels b [21]
Other herbal that can be combined with Andrographis paniculata is Centella asiatica L. Centella asiatica
effectively for anti-diabetic in diabetic rats induced by streptozotosin based on measurement of serum levels of glucose and their hepatic glycogen levels [16]. Alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and
saponins are found in the Centella asiatica which are scattered throughout the plant. Important active compound in Centella asiatica is asiaticoside, a triterpen compound [25].
Andrographolide-enriched extract of Andrograpis paniculata AEEAP combined with asiaticoside- enriched extract of Centella asiatica AEECA gave an anti-diabetic effect on diabetic rats induced by high-
fructose fat fed [22]. Andrographolide-enriched extract of Andrographis paniculata AEEAP was made by using a
several times of fractionation of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol. As well as the preparation of asiaticoside-enriched extract of Centella asiatica AEECA was similar to the preparation of AEEAP. It was
estimated that in the two extracts were andrographolide and asiaticoside with high levels of active constituent, respectively.
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A Review of the Anti-diabetic Activity of Andrographis paniculata Burm. f. Nees based .... Titi Komalasari 261
This study was done by combining AEEAP and AEECA at 3 dose ratio i.e. AEEAP: AEECA = 70:30, 50:50, and 30:70, respectively compared to the single dose of AEEAP, AEECA, and metformin. The
entire test group, either single dose or their combination provide results with significantly lower blood sugar levels P 0.05. The best results were obtained from a combination AEEAP and AEECA at ratio = 70:30 by
decreasing the blood glucose levels to 68.13, higher than the single dose of metformin that only 62.63. In addition, except lowering the blood glucose levels, the combination of AEECA and AEEAP was significantly
decrese the levels of cholesterol, LDL, triglyserides [22].
3.7. Analogue of andrographolide
