A STUDY ON THE TEACHING SPEAKING METHOD USED BY THE TEACHER IN ENGLISH FIRST COURSE (EF)

A STUDY ON THE TEACHING SPEAKING METHOD USED BY
THE TEACHER IN ENGLISH FIRST COURSE (EF)

THESIS

By:
UMMI QALSUM ARIF
201110100311166

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
AUGUST 2015

A STUDY ON THE TEACHING SPEAKING METHOD USED BY
THE TEACHER IN ENGLISH FIRST COURSE (EF)

THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve sarjana
degree in English education


By:
UMMI QALSUM ARIF
201110100311166

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
AUGUST 2015

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Bismillahirrahmanirrahim
First of all, praise to Allah S.W.T. the merciful and almighty for the
guidance and blessing be on Muhammad S.A.W. the last prophet in the world.
In this accession, the writer also would like to express her faithful
gratitude to:
1. Erly Wahyuni, M.Si as the first advisor and Sudiran, M.Hum as the second
advisor, who have given the patience guidance, encouragement, advice,
correction, and suggestion for the completion of this thesis
2. The head master of English Department and all of the lecturers of English

Department, who have given knowledge during their study in this white
campus
3. The EF institution who have given me chance to do the research in there.
4. My beloved parents Ramli Arif and Nini Tela Suryani, who have
supported me, showed all of their care, complete understanding and their
silent prayer.
5. My older sister Fatimah Arif thank you for your advice to make me spirit
during write this thesis even we contacted by phone and My young sister
Maharani Arif thank you so much for accompanied me every time in our
boarding house when I wrote this thesis
6. My beloved one Yasser Arafat, who always be there for me and gives me
spirit, support, pray, and love.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL .................................................................................................

i

LEGALIZATION .........................................................................................


ii

MOTTO & DEDICATION ...........................................................................

iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..........................................................................

iv

ABSTRACT .................................................................................................

v

TABLE OF CONTENTS ..............................................................................

vi

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study ...........................................................


1

1.2 Statement of the Problem ..........................................................

5

1.3 Objective of the Study ...............................................................

5

1.4 Significance of the Study ...........................................................

6

1.5 Scope and Limitation .................................................................

6

1.6 Definition of Key Terms ............................................................


6

CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Teaching and Learning..............................................................

8

2.2 Methods in Teaching English ....................................................

8

2.3 Teaching Speaking .....................................................................

9

2.3.1 The Importance of Teaching Speaking .............................

11


2.3.2 Elements in Teaching Speaking .......................................

12

2.4 Methods of Teaching Speaking .................................................

14

2,4.1 Role Play .........................................................................

14

2.4.2 Discussion .......................................................................

17

2.4.3 Brainstorming ..................................................................

18


2.4.4 Storytelling ......................................................................

19

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design .........................................................................

21

3.2 Research Subject........................................................................

22

3.3 Research Instrument .................................................................

22

3.3.1 Observation .....................................................................

22


3.3.2 Interview .........................................................................

23

3.4 Data Collection...........................................................................

24

3.5 Data Analysis .............................................................................

25

CHAPTER IV: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Finding .......................................................................................

26

4.1.1 The Method of Teaching Speaking Used by the Teacher in
English First Course (EF) ............................................


26

4.1.1.1 Discussion Method ...........................................

26

4.1.1.2 Brainstorming Method .....................................

27

4.1.2 The Implementation of the Methods in Teaching Speaking 27
4.1.2.1 Discussion Method ...........................................

27

4.1.2.2 Brainstorming Method .....................................

30


4.2 Discussion ...................................................................................

32

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTION
5.1 Conclusion..................................................................................

36

5.2 Suggestions .................................................................................

37

REFERENCES
APPENDICES
APPENDIX 1
APPENDIX II
APENDIX III
APPENDIX IV
APPENDIX V


REFERENCES
Angga O.P. Fambudi and Bayu H. Wicaksono.2014. A Study on the Teaching
Method of Speaking English by Using Debate as Used by Debate Coach at
Ilf of the University of Muhammadiyah Malang. Celtic Journal, Volume 1,
No. 1, June 2014. ISSN: 2356-4010 : 16-28.
Ary, Donald. 2010. Introduction to Research in Education (Eight Edition). Wad
Sworth Cengage Learning.
Anonim 2011. Brainstorming, (Online). (http;//en
Brainstorming, accssed on April 30, 2015)

Wikipedia.org/wiki/

Brown, H.D. 2000. Principles of Language Learning and Teaching 4th Edition.
San Fransisco Addison Wesley Longman. Inc.
Brown, H. Douglas. 2007. Principles of Language Learning and Teaching. USA:
Pearson Education.
Bailey, Kathleen M. 2006. Issues in Teaching Speaking Skills to Adult ESOL
Learners. (Online), (http://www/ncsall.net/?id=858, accessed on Mei 16,
2015)
Budden, Joanna. 2006. Role Play. UK, London: BBC.
Fulcher, Green. 2003. Testing Second Language Speaking. New York: Longman
Group.
Fraenkel, Jack R. 2009. How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education.
America: Mc Graw-Hill.
Gintings, Abdorrakhman.2008. Esensi Praktis Belajar dan Pembelajaran.
Bandung: Humaniora.
Harmer, J. 2007. The Practice of English Language Teaching 3 rd Edition.
Cambridge, Longman, Inc.
Harliana, Septyanita.2007. Problems of Teaching Speaking for Private SMAs in
Malang. Skripsi ini tidak diterbitkan Malang: Universitas Muhammadiyah
Malang
Halimi S. Sisilia, et al 2010. Becoming a Creative Teacher : A Manual for
Teaching English to Indonesian Elementary School. Jakarta: Regional
English Language Office (RELO)

Huang, Irene Y. Role Play for ESL/EFL. Children in the English Classroom. The
Internet TESL Journal, Vol XIV, No. 2, February 2000
Kayi, H. 2006. Teaching Speaking: Activities to Promote Speaking in A Second
Language. Nevada: University of Nevada.
Kimble, Garmezy. 1963. Principles of General Psychology. New York: Ronald
Press.
Larsen, Diane and Freeman, 2000. Techniques and Principles in Language
Teaching Second Edition. UK. Oxford University Press.
Larsen. Freeman. 2000. Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching. New
York: Oxford.
Nunan, David. 1991. Language Teaching Methodology. Prentice Hall.
Nunan, David. 2003. Practical English Language Teaching. McGraw-Hill.
Richard, Jack C. 2001. Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching. New
York. Cambridge University Press.
Schreiber, James. And Asner - Self Kimberly. 2011. Educational Research. Wiley
Global Education.
Wijayanti, Dyan Novia. 2008. The Methods of Teaching English Used by the
Teacher in Eight Semester of the English Department of Universitas
Muhammadiyah Malang at SMAN 2 BATU. Skripsi tidak diterbitkan
Malang: Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.
Yamin, Martinis. 2008. Paradigma Pendidikan Kontructivistik. Jakarta: Gaung
Persada Press.
Yamin, Martinis dan Ansari Bansu. 2009. Taktik Mengembangkan Kemampuan
Individual Siswa. Jakarta: Gaung Persada Press.

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

This chapter explains about background of the study, statement of the
problems, objective of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation,
and definition of the key terms. All of them will be explained below :
1.1 Background of the study
English is an international language has an important role to make
communication esier between people around the world. It means that English is
useful to build international communication between different cultures and
languages in society. Because English is very important language, so, it is taught
from elementary school, junior high school, senior high school, and even
university level especially in Indonesia. There are four skills of English in
teaching learning English,. They are listening, speaking, reading, and writing.
Among these skills, speaking is the most basic skill to be capable of since it is
used to communicate each other.
Speaking is the important point in language teaching. According to
Richards (2008), the mastery of speaking skill in English is a priorty for many
second-language or foreign-language learners. It means that someone who can
speek English as well, they will get success in learning English. in every skill
subjects of English really need the ability in speaking because it makes the
students more esier to understand about the material. Not only that, the
studentswill get esier to ask something in English when they get confuse. In this
case the student have to learn hard about speaking.

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The student have to learn about four skills in English, but to get success in
learn English the student must be mastered in speaking. According to Fulcher
(2003), speaking is the verbal use of language to communicate with others. While
Brown (2001) stated that speaking is an interactive proccess of constructing
meaning that involves producing, receiving and proccessing information. The goal
of language is communication and the aim of speaking in a languge context is to
promote communicative efficiency. Most of English teachers want to their student
can speek English as correctly as possible and with a purpose. But in fact,
students always value speaking is more difficult then other skills like reading,
writing, and listening.
According to Ur ( in Harliana, 2007), “the learning proccess of speaking
still faces many problems such us inhibition, nothing to say, low unven
participation, mother – tongue use”. Those problems are often found in teaching
learning English. Sometimes, the students feel difficult when they want to try to
speek in English. So that is way those problems have to observed in order to reach
the success of teaching speaking.
In teaching speaking, teachers need to know what are the problems that
may occur in teaching learning proccess. According to Magriby (2012) stated
some problems come from the internal factors and others come from external
factors. It means that speaking is not easy to be taught because the problems in
teaching speaking are complex. They are not only come from internal factors but
also from external factors. The factors that is faced by the students in internal
factors are like native language, age, exposure, innate phonetic ability, motivation,

2

and concentration in the classroom to make a good speaking. But those problems
are related with student’s condition. Besides, the external factors is also become
big problem for student in learn speaking. The students do not have enough time
to learn English in the school beacause English lesson is only given four hours in
a week for every school level. That case make the students have limited time to
improve their ability in English. They just practice to speek English when they
learn in the school. But after they comeback to home, they have to learn about
another lesson or doing another acivity. It means that the student do not have
enough time to practice speaking outside of the classroom.
In addition, the teaching learning process can be succesfull if there are
some components that support it. Such as teachers, students, methods, approach,
strategy, technique, media and environment. To create the learning process of
teaching speaking become effective and efficient, the teachers must implement the
appropriate method for students.
Teaching method is very important aspect in teaching English. it can make
teaching and learning activities to be targeted, so that the learning objectives will
be easily achieved. According to Richards (2001 : 19), “Method is the level at
which theory is put into practice and at which choices are made about the
particular skills to be taught, the content to be taught, and the order in which the
content will be presented.” So, teaching method is a way or strategy that is apllied
by the teacher when they want to teach English. The teachers usually apply the
method based on the theory in teaching and learning proccess to achieve the
learning objectives.

3

Actually, there are eight teaching methods that are commonly used in
teaching English language (Freeman-Larsen, 2000). They are grammar-translation
method, the direct method, the audio-lingual method, total physical response
method, suggestopedia, community language learning, silent way, and
communicative approach. From those methods, not all of them can suitable for all
English skills. Such as reading, writing, listening and speaking. Some of them
more suitable for some English skills. For example, the grammar translation
method more suitable to teach reading and writing because both of them more
foccuss in grammar. Meanwhile, in speaking the teacher can apply some methods
like direct methods, audio-lingual methods, and commnicative language teaching
because from those methods there are some techniques appropriate for teaching
speaking such us dialog memorization, chain drill, role play, conversation
practice, etc. (Larsen-Freeman, 2000).
In a previous research, Wijayanti (2008), found that the methods used by
the teacher in teaching English at SMAN 2 Batu were audio-lingual mehod, direct
method, grammar translation, and STAD (cooperative learning method).
Meanwhile, Kurniawati (2006) found out that the Cooperative Learning Method
used in a speaking subject in ESP class of University of Muhammadiyah Malang
was successful applied in heterogeneus groups. The teachers need to select the
method for teaching learning proccess in the classroomn if they want to reach the
success of teaching speaking. Not only in formal school like senior high school or
university level but the teacher must also use the appropriate method that used in
non formal school like English course. They must develop the method become

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interesting method for increase student’s desire in learning speaking subject even
in formal or non formal school.
Based on the explanation above, the writer is interested in conducting a
research entitled “ A STUDY ON THE TEACHING SPEAKING METHOD
USED BY THE TEACHER IN ENGLISH FIRST COURSE (EF)”. The writer
choose English First course (EF) because most of students in EF get success in
practice their speaking ability. The writer has studied over there, so she gets good
progress in her speaking ability. It is assumed that the methods applied by the
teachers in EF are appropriate for the students, especially to improve their
speaking ability This case make the writer really want to know about the methods
applied by teachers in English First Course (EF).

1.2 Statement of the Problem
Based on the previous background of the study, this study is trying to
answer the following problems :
1. What are the methods of teaching speaking used by the teacher in “
English First Course? “
2. How does the teacher apply those methods in teaching speaking?

1.3 Objective of the Study
Based on the statement of the problem above, the objectives of the study
are :
1. To know the methods used by the teacher in teaching speaking at English
First Course (EF)

5

2. To describe how the teacher applies those methods of teaching speaking in
English First Course (EF).

1.4 Significance of the Study
The result of this present study will be useful for English teacher, the
English department students, and the further researchers. For teacher, the result of
this study make the English teachers will be able to choose and determine the
appropriate method to teach speaking for their students. For English department
students, the result of this study can be useful for them to know how the methods
of teaching speaking are. For the further researchers, it is hoped that the result of
this study will give additional important information about the methods in
teaching speaking if they are interested in conduct similar studies.

1.5 Scope and Limitation
The scope of this study foccusses on teaching method in speaking used by
the teacher at English First Course (EF). Meanwhile, this study is limited to the
teacher especially for conversation class in English First Course (EF).

1.6 Definition of Key Terms
1. Teaching is showing or helping someone to learn how to do something,
giving instruction, guiding in the study of something, providing with
knowledge causing to know or understand (Brown, 2000).
2. Method is the level at which theory is put into practice and at which
choices are made about the particular skills to be taught, the content to be

6

taught, and the order in which the content will be presented. (Richard and
Rodgers, 2001 : 19).
3. Speaking refers to an ability of the students to express the ideas, feeling,
and opinion orally in simple utterances and in a suitable context (Brown,
2000).
4. Teaching speaking is showing or helping someone to learn how to speak
or communicate orraly, giving instruction, guiding in the study of speaking
or how to speak using verbal language (Kimble & Garmezy, 1963).
5. Problem is dealing with difficult choices and a state of difficulty that needs
to be resolved. This study explain that problem is a case that is commonly
found by the teacher in teaching speaking.
6. Solution is a means of solving a problem or dealing with a difficult
situation. This study explain that solution is a way used by teacher to solve
the problems in teaching speaking.
7. English First Course is the name of English course in Malang. EF is one of
the best English course in Malang.

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