A STUDY ON TEACHING METHOD USED BY ENGLISH TEACHER IN TEACHING WRITING AT SMK NEGERI 4 MALANG

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A STUDY ON TEACHING METHOD USED BY ENGLISH

TEACHER IN TEACHING WRITING AT SMK NEGERI 4

MALANG

THESIS

by:

Agusmiyana Merdekawati

201210100311093

ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING & EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

2016

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A STUDY ON TEACHING METHOD USED BY ENGLISH

TEACHER IN TEACHING WRITING AT SMK NEGERI 4

MALANG

THESIS

This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve

Sarjana Degree in English Language Education

by:

Agusmiyana Merdekawati

201210100311093

ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING & EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

2016

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v MOTTO

Kare a sesu gguh ya sesudah kesulitan itu ada kemudahan. Maka apabila kamu telah selesai (urusan dunia), bersungguh-sungguhlah (dalam beribadah), dan hanya kepada

Tuha ulah ka u berharap. (QS. Al-Insyirah : 5-8)

Great minds discuss ideas, Average minds discuss events, Small minds discuss people.

(Eleanor Roosevelt)

Dedication

The writer dedicates this thesis to:

Her beloved father and mother (Imam Joeari, Sumiasih)

Her beloved brothers and sister in law (Terassoka Rachmadhany and Muntofiah)

Her beloved family

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ABSTRACT

Writing is the non verbal use of language that also can be used to communicate, express the ideas, opinions and feelings to others. Teaching writing will be more effective and efficient if it is established through the methods of the teacher himself. The method helps students understand the materials taught by the teacher. Methods in teaching are needed to make the teaching and learning purpose achieved because the effectiveness of teaching will be successful if the teachers apply good method in the class. The aim of this research are to know: (1) kinds of teaching method used by the teacher in teaching writing at SMK Negeri 4 Malang and (2) the implementation of the teaching method used by the teacher in teaching writing at SMK Negeri 4 Malang.

In this study, the researcher used descriptive qualitative research and the subject of this research was one of the English teacher of SMK Negeri 4 Malang. To collect the data, the researcher conducted some observations and interview with the English teacher.

The result of this research showed that the methods used by the English teacher in teaching writing to tenth-grade students were Grammar Translation Method, Direct Method, Community Language Learning and Silent Way. These methods were applied by the teacher in order to make the students work actively in a group such as brainstorming and discussion.

Key words: Teaching, Method, Writing

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Alhamdulillah, all praise to Allah, the Merciful and Charitable because of his guidance, blessing and affection, the writer can finish this thesis.

The writer would like to express her deepest gratitude to Santi Prasityowati, S.Pd, M.Pd as the first advisor and Dian Arsitades W., S.Pd, M.Pd as her second advisor, for their suggestion, patience, guidance, correction, and advice during the consultation to complete this thesis. The writer feels that words will never be enough to acknowledgement.

Her sincere gratitude and appreciation are extended to the teacher and Headmaster at SMK Negeri 4 Kota Malang who had given her opportunity to conduct this research.

Her deepest gratitude is also addresed to her family who always give her great motivation and both spiritual and financial supports. She also thanks her beloved father, mother and brother, who always give affection, motivation, and prayer to the writer.

Finally, she thanks to her friends, Dewi Damasina Muhammad Wulang and Ega Septiani, and those whom she cannot mention one by one for being her best part to give support and help the writer in doing this research May Allah bless them forever.

Malang, 07 August 2016 The writer,

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Cover ... i

Approval Page ... ii

Approval Page after Defense ... iii

Dedication Page ... iv

Letter of Authenticity ... v

Abstract ... vi

Acknowledgements ... vii

Table of Contents ... viii

List of Appendices ... x

List of Tables ... xi

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ... 1-5 1.1 Background of the Study ... 1

1.2 Statements of Problem ... 3

1.3 Purposes of Study ... 4

1.4 Significance of Study ... 4

1.5 Scope and Limitation ... 4

1.6 Definitions of Key Terms ... 5

CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ... 6-21 2.1 Method and Teaching Method ... 6

2.2 Kinds of Method in Teaching Writing ... 7

2.2.1 Grammar Translation Method ... 8

2.2.2 Direct Method ... 9

2.2.3 Communicative Language Teaching... 13

2.2.4 Silent Way ... 15

2.2.5 Audio-Lingual Method ... 16

2.2.6 Community Language Learning ... 19

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CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHOD ... 22-27

3.1 Research Design ... 22

3.2 Research Subject ... 23

3.3 Research Instrument ... 23

3.3.1 Field Notes ... 24

3.3.2 Interview Guide ... 24

3.4 Data Collection ... 24

3.5 Data Analysis ... 26

CHAPTER 4 FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ... 28-37 4.1 Findings ... 28

4.1.1 The Teaching Methods Used by Teacher in Teaching Writing ... 28

4.1.2 The Implementation of Teaching Methods Used by the Teacher in Teaching Writing ... 31

4.2 Discussion ... 35

CHAPTER 5 FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ... 38-40 5.1 Conclusion ... 38

5.2 Suggestions ... 39 REFERENCES ... 41-43 APPENDICES ... 44-73

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LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDICES ... 44-

Appendix 1 – Field Notes 1 ... 44

Appendix 2 – Field Notes 2 ... 46

Appendix 3 – Field Notes 3 ... 48

Appendix 4 – Picture 1 ... 50

Appendix 5 – Picture 2 ... 54

Appendix 6 – Picture 3 ... 56

Appendix 7 – Interview Result (Bahasa Indonesia Version) ... 60

Appendix 8 – Interview Result (English Version) ... 62

Appendix 9 – Lesson Plan ... 63

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xii

List of Tables

TABLE ... 26 Table 3.2 Data Analysis ... 26

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REFERENCES

Agustina, Mira. (2013) The Eligibility of the Content of English Textbook Used by First Grade of Tourism Department at Vocational High School 3

Malang. Unpublished Thesis. Faculty of Teacher Training and

Education. English Department. University of Muhammadiyah

Malang. [Online]. Digital Library.

http://ta.umm.ac.id/gdl.php?mod=browse&op=read&id=jiptummpp-gdl-miraagusti-32392&q=miraagustina. Accessed on September 22nd 2015.

Arikunto, Suharsimi. (2006) Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktik.

Jakarta: PT. Rineka Cipta. [Online].

http://www.digilib.ump.ac.id/download.php?id=2129. Accessed on March 16th 2015.

Ary, Donald, et al. (2010) Introduction to Research in Education 5th Edition.

Wadsworth, Cengage Learning. [Online].

http://www.odu.edu/~jritz/attachment/itrie.pdf. Accessed on September 22nd 2015.

Bogdan, Robert C. & Biklen, Sari Knopp. (2007) Qualitative Research for Education: An Introduction to Theories and Methods. New York:

Pearson Education Inc.

[Online].https://apps.lis.illinois.edu/wiki/download/attachments/43660 00/Field+notes.pdf?version=1. Accessed on March 3rd 2015.

Brown, H Douglas, et al. (2007) Principles of Language Learning and Teaching,

5th Edition. New York: Pearson Education Inc. [Online].

https://blackwellpublishing.com/content/BPL_Images/Content_store/S ample_chapter/9780632052844/001-025%5b1&5d.pdf. Accessed on September 22nd 2015.

Creswell, John W. (2012) Educational Research Planning 4th Edition. New York: Pearson Education Inc. [Online]. https://shop.acer.edu.au/acer-shop/shop-images/products/reading_writing_diff_sample.pdf.

Accessed on September 22nd 2015.

Enriketa Sogutlu. (2012) Review on the Changing Role of Grammar Teaching in Second Language Instruction. BJES English Language and Literature Department Lecturer of Hena e Plote Beder University. 4(1). [Online]. http://bjes.beder.edu.al/uploads/arch-201405071109094249.pdf. Accessed on September 22nd 2015.

Ernawati, Atiek. (2014) An Analysis on Grammatical Error in Writing Made by the Tenth Grade of Multimedia Class in SMK Muhammadiyah 2

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Malang. Unpublished Thesis. Faculty of Teacher Training and Education. English Department. University of Muhammadiyah

Malang. [Online]. Digital Library.

http://ta.umm.ac.id/gdl.php?mod=browse&op=read&id=jiptummpp-gdl-atiekernaw-35672&q=ernawatiatiek. Accessed on September 22nd 2015.

Harmer, Jeremy. (2004) How to Teach Writing. New York: Pearson Education

Inc. [Online].

http://academia.edu/5665956/The_Practice_of_English_Language_Te aching_-_Jeremy_Harmer.pdf. Accessed on Septeber 22nd 2015. Kennedy Ph.d, O. O. (2008) Philosophical and Sociological Overview of

Vocational Technical Education in Ngeria. College Student Journal of Department of Technical Education and Business Education, Delta State University. [Online]. http://hrmars.com/admin/pics/101.pdf. Accessed on September 22nd 2015.

Larsen, Diane & Freeman. (2000) Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press. [Online].

https://let590.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/larsen-freeman-techniques-and-principles-in-language-teaching.pdf. Accessed on September 22nd 2015.

Lisda, Nor. (2008) The Method of Teaching Grammar at SMK PGRI 3 Malang.

Unpublished Thesis. Faculty of Teacher Training and Education. English Department. University of Muhammadiyah Malang. [Online].

Digital Library.

http://ta.umm.ac.id/gdl.php?mod=browse&op=read&id=jiptummpp-gdl-s1-2008-norlisda00-13561&q=norlisda. Accessed on September 22nd 2015.

Liu & Shi. (2007) An Analysis of Language Teaching Approaches and Methods Effectiveness and Weakness. US-China Education Review. 4(1). [Online]. http://files.eric.ed.gov.fulltext/ED497389.pdf. Accessed on September 22nd 2015.

Lucas, B., Spencer, E., & Claxton, G. (2012) How to Teach Vocational

Education: A Theory of Vocational Pedagogy. City Guilds Centre for

Skill & Development, University of Winchester. [Online].

http://skillsdevelopment.org/PDF/How-to-teach-vocational-education.pdf. Accessed on September 22nd 2015.

McMillan, James H. (1996) Educational Research Fundamentals For The Consumer 2nd Edition. New York: Harper Collins Publisher Inc. [Online].

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tore/Sample_chapter/9780632052844/001-025%5B1%5D.pdf. Accessed on January 22nd 2016.

Nurholela, Siti. (2013) Strategies Used in Teaching Writing at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Malang. Unpublished Thesis. Faculty of Teacher Training and Education. English Department. University of Muhammadiyah Malang. [Online]. Digital Library. http://ta.umm.ac.id/gdl.php?mod=browse&op=read&id=jiptummpp-gdl-sitinurhol-32965&q=nurholelasiti. Accessed on September 22nd 2015.

Rini, Linda R. (2014) An Analysis on Teaching Method Used by Teacher in

Teaching Writing at SMP Muhammadiyah 8 Batu. Unpublished

Thesis. Faculty of Teacher Training and Education. English

Department. University of Muhammadiyah Malang. [Online]. Digital Library.

http://ta.umm.ac.id/gdl.php?mod=browse&op=read&id=jiptummpp-gdl-lindarusvi-38608&q=lindarini. Accessed on September 22nd 2015. Richards, Jack C. & Rodgers, Theodore S. (2001) Approaches and Methods in

Language Teaching, Second Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge

University Press. [Online].

http://www.unochapeco.edu.br/saa/correio/2015/05/14328459366581 80/approaches-and-methods-in-language-teaching.pdf. Accessed on September 22nd 2015.

Wardana, Kusuma. (2013) The Techniques Used by the English Teacher in Teaching English at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Kepanjen, Malang.

Unpublished Thesis. Faculty of Teacher Training and Education. English Department. University of Muhammadiyah Malang. [Online].

Digital Library.

http://ta.umm.ac.id/gdl.php?mod=browse&op=read&id=jiptummpp-gdl-kusumaward-34001&q=kusumawardana. Accessed on September 22nd 2015.

Westwood, Peter. (2008). What Teachers Need to Know About Teaching Methods.

Victorisa, Australia: ACER Press. [Online].

https://shop.acer.edu.au/acer-shop/shop-images/products/reading_writing_diff_sample.pdf. Accessed on September 22ND 2015.

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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

This chapter presents background of study, statement of problem, purpose of study, significance of study, scope and limitation and definition of key terms.

1.1Background of the Study

Vocational school is a school which is presented to enhance the students’ practical skills directly to prepare their career in the future, it was not designed to prepare students for college. Vocational school is an educational institution which is responsible for creating and producing human resources who have the academic ability as well as special expertise in accordance with the expertise of each program. Some of the programs and practical skills presented in vocational school usually deal with English such as in Computer and Informatic Engineering Department.

Marsigit (2008) in his contribution opined that vocational education, sometimes called Career and Technical Education (CTE) or SMK (Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan) has its aim to prepare learners for careers that are based in manual or practical activities, occupation or vocation, hence the term, in which the learner participates.

In the process of teaching, teacher must have a good way of teaching. Teaching English will be more effective and efficient if it is established through

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the methods of the teacher himself. The method helps students understand the materials taught by the teacher. Methods in teaching are needed to make the teaching and learning purpose achieved because the effectiveness of teaching will be successful if the teachers apply good method in the class. Besides, it helps the teacher organizes the learning process and teacher will be easier to transfer the idea, information and materials, select the source and define the roles of students. It is supported by Brown (2011:209) mentions that if teacher can demonstrate the good classroom management skill, then learning language can be effective, teaching learning process will not work optimally even fail if the material application without using method.

Vocational school as preparation for careers need writing skill to support their job later on, which is writing skill will apply in their career to transfer or presented their idea, thinking, or opinion, have relation with client or the first thing is the ability to write their resume that grammatically correct before applied it to the company and also writing skill in English become the first consideration for the employer to decide whether he or she is going to accept the applicant or not. Besides, writing skill is a predictor of academic success and a basic requirement for participation in the global economy.

If the students do not involve their skill of writing in the communication, they cut themselves off from a community. Harmer (2007:13) mentions that writing involves planning what we are going to write. Writing can be a great application to help them know more about what the way they think. It can solidify

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ideas and thoughts and allow them to reflect on them better than if the ideas remained evolving in their head.

Based on the reasons above, the researcher is interested in observing the methods applied by the English teacher in teaching writing at SMK Negeri 4 Malang. This research is conducted at SMK Negeri 4 Malang because English become the compulsory subject in that school although the purpose of the vocational high school is more specific in practical their major itself.

1.2 Statements of Problem

In accordance with the background, the researcher intends to investigate the method of teaching writing at SMK Negeri 4 Malang. The problems of the study are formulated as follows:

1. What kinds of teaching method are used by the teacher in teaching writing at SMK Negeri 4 Malang?

2. How does the teacher apply the teaching method in teaching writing at SMK Negeri 4 Malang?

1.3 Purposes of Study

The aims of the study are to investigate the following items:

1. To know the kinds of teaching method used by English teacher in teaching writing at SMK Negeri 4 Malang.

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2. To describe how the English teacher apply the teaching method in teaching writing at SMK Negeri 4 Malang.

1.4 Significance of Study

Practically, the result of the study is expected to give contribution to teachers who teach English, especially in teaching writing subject. The results of this study hopefully provide them information regarding the kinds of teaching method when they teach writing. Moreover, it is expected to help the English teachers improve their quality in their teaching and learning process. It can also be used as an evaluation for further teaching and learning process. Besides, the teacher will be easier to transfer the information to the students.

Technically, for the students at University of Muhammadiyah Malang, the result of this study will help them increase their experience in shaping writing skill and more interested in learning English. For the future researchers who want to conduct a similar research, the result of this study can be used as a reference.

1.5 Scope and Limitation

Based on the statement of problem above, the researcher considers making the scope and limitation. The scope of this study is teaching methods in English subject and limitation are describing and identifying the method of teaching writing kinds of text focus on narrative text on second semester of tenth grade of

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1.6 Definitions of Key Terms

To make more clearly in recognizing this thesis it is necessary for the researcher to give some definitions related to the title of study.

a. Teaching is showing or helping someone to learn how to do something, giving instructions, guiding in the study of something, providing with knowledge, causing to know or understand (Brown, 2000:7)

b. Teaching method is characterized by a set of principles, procedures or strategies to be implemented by teachers to achieve desired learning in students (Liu & Shi, 2007 in Westwood 2008:v)

c. Teaching writing is the activity to showing or helping someone to learn in writing, especially in SMK Negeri 4 Malang on second semester of tenth grade of Persiapan Grafika (Graphic Preparation) class is teaching kind of texts. In this case teaching writing refers to activity of conveys idea in the written form of narrative text.

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tore/Sample_chapter/9780632052844/001-025%5B1%5D.pdf. Accessed on January 22nd 2016.

Rini, Linda R. (2014) An Analysis on Teaching Method Used by Teacher in Teaching Writing at SMP Muhammadiyah 8 Batu. Unpublished Thesis. Faculty of Teacher Training and Education. English

Department. University of Muhammadiyah Malang. [Online]. Digital Library.

Language Teaching, Second Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [Online].

http://www.unochapeco.edu.br/saa/correio/2015/05/14328459366581 80/approaches-and-methods-in-language-teaching.pdf. Accessed on September 22nd 2015.

Wardana, Kusuma. (2013) The Techniques Used by the English Teacher in Teaching English at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Kepanjen, Malang.

Unpublished Thesis. Faculty of Teacher Training and Education. English Department. University of Muhammadiyah Malang. [Online].

Digital Library.

http://ta.umm.ac.id/gdl.php?mod=browse&op=read&id=jiptummpp-gdl-kusumaward-34001&q=kusumawardana. Accessed on September 22nd 2015.

Westwood, Peter. (2008). What Teachers Need to Know About Teaching Methods.

Victorisa, Australia: ACER Press. [Online].

https://shop.acer.edu.au/acer-shop/shop-images/products/reading_writing_diff_sample.pdf. Accessed on September 22ND 2015.

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This chapter presents background of study, statement of problem, purpose of study, significance of study, scope and limitation and definition of key terms.

1.1Background of the Study

In the process of teaching, teacher must have a good way of teaching. Teaching English will be more effective and efficient if it is established through

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ideas and thoughts and allow them to reflect on them better than if the ideas remained evolving in their head.

1.2 Statements of Problem

In accordance with the background, the researcher intends to investigate the method of teaching writing at SMK Negeri 4 Malang. The problems of the study are formulated as follows:

1. What kinds of teaching method are used by the teacher in teaching writing at SMK Negeri 4 Malang?

2. How does the teacher apply the teaching method in teaching writing at SMK Negeri 4 Malang?

1.3 Purposes of Study

The aims of the study are to investigate the following items:

1. To know the kinds of teaching method used by English teacher in teaching writing at SMK Negeri 4 Malang.

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2. To describe how the English teacher apply the teaching method in teaching writing at SMK Negeri 4 Malang.

1.4 Significance of Study

1.5 Scope and Limitation

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1.6 Definitions of Key Terms

To make more clearly in recognizing this thesis it is necessary for the researcher to give some definitions related to the title of study.

a. Teaching is showing or helping someone to learn how to do something, giving instructions, guiding in the study of something, providing with knowledge, causing to know or understand (Brown, 2000:7)

b. Teaching method is characterized by a set of principles, procedures or strategies to be implemented by teachers to achieve desired learning in students (Liu & Shi, 2007 in Westwood 2008:v)

A STUDY ON TEACHING METHOD USED BY ENGLISH TEACHER IN TEACHING WRITING AT SMK NEGERI 4 MALANG

A STUDY ON TEACHING METHOD USED BY ENGLISH

TEACHER IN TEACHING WRITING AT SMK NEGERI 4

MALANG

THESIS

by:

Agusmiyana Merdekawati

201210100311093

ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING & EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

2016

A STUDY ON TEACHING METHOD USED BY ENGLISH

TEACHER IN TEACHING WRITING AT SMK NEGERI 4

MALANG

THESIS

This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve

Sarjana Degree in English Language Education

by:

Agusmiyana Merdekawati

201210100311093

ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING & EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

2016

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF APPENDICES

List of Tables

Parts

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