it help them to recognized what activity should or should not be done when they work together as team.
Those characteristics of cooperative learning can be used to create a good environment for the students to pasrticipate in writing. Positive interdependence
made student feel they learn together, and gave motivation to each other. They are asked to be cooperative, not competitive. They share their opinion with another in
group interaction. They think more deeply in order to give contribution for their group in individual accountability. In the social skills they increased their self
confidence, because they know they were not alone. Meanwhile, in the last characteristics of cooperative learning, group processing make the students know how
to work cooperatively. In short, cooperative learning is a variety of teaching strategy in which students work in small group to help another learn academic content.
2.4.2 The Benefits of Cooperative Learning
There are so many benefit which are offered of cooperative learning when it is applied in the calssroom. Arnold 1999:233-234 mentions some benefit of
cooperative learning as follow :
a Reducing Anxiety
In cooperative learnign activity, the students got opportunity to work with one another and to share their opinion with their gropu member. Besides, they also have
more time to think so tahat they feel more comfortable in learning. On this point, Arnold 1999:233 confirms that time to think, opportunities to rehearse and receive
feednack, and the greater of succes reduce anxiety and can resul increased participation and language laerning. The more time to think increased the possibility
for the students to get a correct or acceptable answer. Then they got feedback from others. This condiition increased their pasticipation in learning activity.
b Promoting Interaction
In coopeartive learnign activity, students interacted to each other. In this case each students help other students to develop or increase of their group. So, the
students should work together as team to gain their group succes. Arnold 1999:233 states that in cooperative classroom, students learn to rely on each other and also have
security of knowing that they had several opprtunities to rehearse contribution before they are asked to share it with the larger class. In this way, to make the learning group
effective, students should care to one another‟s differences, support one another, and communicate effectively with one another. In short, students who are involved in
cooperative learning must interact to each other as a team for gaining their learning success.
c Increasing Self-Confidence and Self Esteem
In cooperative learning, positive interdependence is enhanced. This condition made each students have positive interdependence to other member of the team in
learn and finish their work which is become their responsibility, which effort each member to wrk together. In this case, Slavin in Arnold, 1999:234 says that by
encouraging group interdependence, cooperative activities build greater learner‟s confidence and self-esteem. Thus, through the enhancement of ts positive
interdependence, cooperative learning activity increased self confidence and self- esteem
d Increasing Motivation
The students‟ motivation increased in cooperative learning activity. It happen because in cooperative laerning activity the students work in a group. So, they feel
more comfortable in doing the task. They know that everything can be easier if they work together., because they can ask for help to other. Long and Porter in Arnold,
1999:235 state that group work increased students motivation. When students are permitted to work together, they khow that they can get feedback and assistant in
making contribution as clear, relevant and appropriate as possible. This situasion motivate students to continue to try participacing in their team. In short, cooperative
learning increased the students‟ motivation by encourage them to work in group so they have more enjoyable activity.
Thus, it can be seen that cooperative learning environment is appropriate practice writing ability for the students. Through group work interaction, students feel
more comfortable because they share opinion or idea with others. The, when they know they are not alone, their self-confidence increased. They also motivated to write
what they want to write. In this case, students enjoy their writing activities.
2.5 Think Pair Share as the Cooperative Learning Models
