CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY
This chapter deals with the theory in which the writer employs in analyzing the Tom Tykwer’s Perfume: The Story of Murderer Movie, namely Psychology. The
theory of psychoanalysis, which is used by the writer is to describe the psychoanalysis aspects, the psychoanalysis proposed by Sigmund Freud. The usage
of this theory is based the assumption that psychoanalysis has a close relationship with literature.
A. Notion of Psychoanalysis
Psychoanalysis is the branch of psychological study that focuses on the personality of human being. According to Freud in Pervin, 1984:21
“Psychoanalysis reflected changing value in the society and plays a role in the changing of values”. Furthermore, psychoanalysis exemplifies a psychodynamic
theory in that it gives a prominent role to the complex interplay among forces in human behavior.
Sigismund Schlomo Freud was well-known as Sigmund Freud. He is best known for his theories of the unconscious mind. He was born on May 6, 1856 and
died in September 23, 1939. He was a Czech Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist who founded the psychoanalytic school of psychology. Freud,
Sigmund in http: en.wikipedia. orgwiki Sigmund_Freud.
Psychoanalysis is “a technique to investigate an individual’s unconscious thought and feelings.” Hjelle and Ziegler, 1992: 86. This statement also support
by Freudian, which explain that psychoanalysis is a specific type of treatment. It is describes the taught includes dream, fantasies which causes unconscious
feeling. http:en.wikipedia.orgwiki Psychoanalysis. Sigmund Freuds Theory is quite complex and although his writings on psychosexual development set the
groundwork for how our personalities developed, it was only one of five parts to his overall theory of personality. He also believed that different driving forces
develop during these stages which play an important role in how we interact with the world.
According to Freud in Feist, 1985: 22, the unconscious is the only explanation for the meaning behind dreams slips of the tongue, neurotic
symptoms, and certain kinds of forgetting called repression. For example, a child has a dream to become a president. When he is adult, he can memorize that
conscious feeling of mind: the conscious is a level to enter the conscious. Sexual and aggressive tendencies were often become unconscious through the process of
repression. Repression is the forcing of unwanted, anxiety-ridden experiences into the unconscious in order to defend the person against the pain of that anxiety
Feist, 1985: 22. Unconscious is divided into three concepts, the descriptive unconscious,
the dynamic unconscious and the system unconscious. The descriptive
unconscious contains of all the characteristic of mental life. The dynamic unconscious is more specific construct it refers to mental processes and contents
to survive from consciousness as the result of conflicting attitudes. The system unconscious denoted the idea that when mental processes are repressed it
different from those of the conscious mind, such as condensation and displacement. Boesky D. in http: en.wikipedia.org wiki Psychoanalysis.
B. Structure of Personality
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