and non-human participants, use of modality and modulation, use of logical conjunctive relations, reasoning expressed as verbs and nouns, use of material,
relational, and mental process.
g. Procedure
This factual genre is used to describe how something is accomplished through a sequence of actions or steps. They can be a set of instructions or
directions. Its schematic structure is goal, materials and equipments needed, and steps or sequences of actions. This text type has language features such as: focus
on generalized human agents, use of simple present tense or imperatives, use of technical terms, use of mainly temporal conjunctive relations, and use of mainly
material or action clauses. h. Review
It is used to critique an art work or event for a public audience. This text type has the schematic structure orientation, interpretative recount, evaluation,
evaluative summation. It also has the language features such as: focus on particular participants, direct expression of opinion through use of attitudinal
lexis, use of elaborating and extending clause and group complexes to package the information, and use of metaphorical language.
i. Narrative
This story genre is used to amuse, entertain and to deal with actual or various experience in different ways. Its schematic structure is orientation,
evaluation, complication, resolution, and reorientation. The language features in this text type are focus on specific participants, use of past tense, use of temporal
conjunctions and temporal circumstances, and use of material or action processes. The narrative text type can be folktales wonder tales, fables, cumulative tales,
legend, myth, and realistic tales, mysteries, science fiction, realistic fiction, fantasy, and historical fiction.
j. Spoof
This kind of text type is used to retell an event with a humorous twist. The organization of this text is orientation, events, and twist. The language
features in this text type are focus on individualized participants, use of material processes, use of circumstances of time and places, and use of past tense.
k. Recount
It is used to retell events for the purpose of informing or entertaining. It is also used to tell the readers what happened in the past through a sequence of
events. The schematic structure of this text type is orientation, events or series of events, and reorientation. In orientation, it usually gives the reader or listener the
background information needed to understand the text who was involved, where it happened, when it happened. In events or series of events, tell what happened
in a chronological sequence. And in reorientation, give the conclusion of the experience. It has the language features such as: focus on individualized
participants, use of past tense, focus on a temporal sequence of events, and use of material or action clauses.
l. Anecdote
This story genre is used to share with others an account of an unusual or amusing incident. The organization of the text is abstract, orientation, crisis,
reaction, and coda. This type of text usually has language features such as use of exclamatory, rhetorical questions and intensifiers to point up the significance of
events, use of temporal and continuative conjunctions, use of material or action processes, and use of relational and mental processes to evaluate events.
m. News Item
