nugrahanto, 2012:25-28 to analyze the methods of translation used in the cultural words themselves.
The study of Humanika 2012 in his journal entitled Ideologi Penerjemahan Wordplay dalam Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland ke dalam
Bahasa Indonesia, has a similar concept of using technique of translation as a method for analyzing ideology. Humanika showed the relation between ideology
and technique of translation. However, in practice, the research of Humanika has differences with this study because in addition to the source data and different
data, Humanika does not use the techniques of translation proposed by Molina and Albir 2002:509-511. However, this research study is helpful to analyze the
ideology. With the help of the experts’ theories and previous researches, the
researcher uses the theories, which are applied in this thesis they are: definition of translation, translation and culture, cultural terms, technique of translation and
ideology.
2.1 Translation
Generally, the term of translation can be defined as transferring the meaning of a text from source language to the target language. To elaborate the
definition of translation and to have a clear explanation, here, some expert points of view of translation are cited.
Larson in Putrawan 2011:14 explain that translation consist of transferring the meaning of the source text ST to the target text TT, and it is
done by going from the form of the source text to the form of the target text by
way of semantic structure. The meaning which is transferred, it cannot be added or changed; only the surface structure or form can be changed. It is explained that,
the translation of meaning in a language is influenced by one of the linguistic aspects that is semantic structure. The same idea is stated by Bassnett 1998:12
... translation involves the rendering of the SL text into the TL as to ensure that the surface meaning of the two will be approximately Similar and the structure of
the SL will be seriously distorted . This statement explains that there are two things in translation which have to be considered: the meaning of SL that has to
be conveyed in TL and the structures of TL designed as closely as possible to its SL without distorting TL structure. If translator gets wrong to choose the right
form of semantic structure, then the meaning which is contained in language will get a shift. Therefore, translators should be wise in transferring the meaning of the
source text into the target text in order to get the right semantic structure for translation products. The definition is close to what is offered by Newmark
1998:5 argues that translation is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way the author intended the text. From those three opinions, those
can be summarized that the activity of translation involves two languages, the source language SL and target language TL and it is influenced by aspects
linguistic morphological, syntactic, semantic. In contrast to those theories, Nida and Taber 1969:12 states, Translating
consists of reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of
style. The definition explains that translation means reproducing the message in
the source language into the target language. The output of message reproduction in the target language should be equivalent which is appropriate and close to the
source language. The first, equivalence relates to meaning and the second, equivalent relates to style. Catford 1965:20 expressed similar thing where he
states translation is the replacement of textual material in one language by equivalent textual material in another language. In this definition, the most
important thing is equivalent textual material. From the two opinions, in addition to involvement of language in the translation, the translation is also influenced by
the selection of the most appropriate equivalent. According to Nababan in Pardede, 2009:1, equivalence relation, which is often regarded as the most
important aspect of a quality translation, in essence is as problematic because of the differences in aspects of linguistic morphological, syntactic, semantic and
aspect of cultural between SL and TL. This statement confirms that the consideration of the selection of equivalent word by translators in translation than
influenced by aspects of language linguistic differences between SL and TL, but also influenced by differences in culture behind those language.
From the definition above, we can conclude that translation is not only merely transferring something written in the source language into the target
language linguistic aspect. It is also influenced by culture cultural aspect.
2.2 Translation and Culture
