20 target language.
2. Vocabulary knowledge and fundamental processes means that learners are
able to memorize the words and pronounce them appropriately. It deals with how to receive and produce the language.
3. Metacognitive strategies for vocabulary use means that learners are able to use
the words in communication.
3. Learning through Song
Song can be an active or passive activity; it depends on how one uses it. It can also be productive and reproductive. It can be considered reproductive when
the students reproduce words or rhythm that are made by someone else or when he or she dances following the music like what has been thought about. On the
other hand, if a student creates his or her own song or even makes the rhythm by himself, it is called productive Gardner, 1983: 15-17.
Singing is the most common musical expression. Betsy B. Lee, the author of Learning Abilities Books, states that by singing a song someone can develop
their ability to learn something and also at the same time can build their creativity. In the field of psycholinguistics, songs bring positive contribution in affecting
students to learn words involved in a song. Teenagers usually like to learn something through songs. They like a simple song to be learned. They can reveal
what it is about in a simple song. A complicated song is not interesting for the students because it is too difficult for them. They generally like any kind of song
as long as it is not difficult for them to reveal. One advantage that they can get
21 from listening to songs is that they can listen to a song while they are studying.
Many students state that they can learn something better through songs www.songsforteaching.comleevocab.htm, accessed on August 15 2006.
The explanation above indicates that song is a big contribution for the students’ learning development. Song is a kind of entertainment that becomes an
important source of knowledge for children. Through songs, students can learn a set of vocabularies and how to pronounce or read it correctly, so that they can use
it to communicate with others. To be able to enjoy the music, a student is encouraged to focus on the song itself, read the lyrics, and also comprehends it by
grasping and knowing the difficult words. Through this way, it can help them to develop their skills that can lead to the development of their own intelligences.
a. The Development of Song
A song is a common element in teaching the students. It enables the students to recognize and learn some vocabulary, improve their listening, reading
and speaking skills, as well as practice their pronunciation. Song is a part of musical intelligence in which musical intelligence is
included as one of the seven intelligences that are known by “Multiple Intelligences”. In theory of Multiple Intelligences, song is a part of music where is
defined as “One of the oldest art forms, utilizing the human voice and body as natural instruments and means of self-expression” Gardner, 1983: 133. In
another definition, song is “the manifestation of the human spirit, similar to language” Kodaly, 1996: 131. Song is also defined as “the most natural form of
