31 focused on the use of song in teaching English vocabulary for the third grade students
of SMKN 2 Depok Sleman Yogyakarta and it took place in July 2006 until May 2007.
Research participants in this study were the third grade students of SMKN 2 Depok Sleman Yogyakarta. The grade was classified into four grades, i.e. grade one
until grade four. Each grade had many kinds of study programmes, i.e. Bangunan Gedung, Teknik Elektro, Teknik Mesin, Kimia, Geologi Pertambangan, Otomotif, and
Bangunan Air. The researcher focused this study on the third graders of class III Otomotif and class III Analisis Kimia whose ages were seventeen to eighteen. In this
respect, SMKN 2 Depok Sleman Yogyakarta still applied CBC Curriculum Based Competences as the fundamental learning thus it still used the third grade students.
The researcher observed all students of the two classes but for the interview there were twenty students as the representatives. There was one vocational school
that was observed in this study. In selecting the participants, the researcher selected the participants based on purposive reason. Indeed, the researcher used purposive
participant selection method since the researcher observed the class who had highest level and medium level of achievement. In addition, it was appropriate to use
participant selection method since it was useful and appropriate in observing the attitudes and opinion of the participants as well as knowing the characteristics of the
participants. By using purposive participant selection method, the researcher was able to observe and identify the participants’ characteristics that became the representative
in the group Ary, Jacobs, and Razavieh, 2002: 161-170. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
32
C. Research Instruments
This sub-chapter answered the questions concerned with kind of data gathered to answer the research questions and the instruments necessary to gather them. Since
the data needed in this study deal with the students’ perceptions towards the use of song in teaching and learning English, the data gathering instruments employed were
observation, and interviews. “Observation, as the first instrument in this study, is commonly used in
education as a tool to support understanding and development” Nunan, 1992: 17-20. Observation was the most common type of research instrument used both in
quantitative and qualitative researches. It was a complete description of behavior in a specific natural setting and in particular time. In this study, observation is used to
answer the first research question. Nevertheless, the researcher also used observation to find additional information to answer the second research question. In this
observation researcher did not take part in activities they were studying. In observing the participants, the observer observed the students, the activities in class, also the
teacher. The researcher observed some aspects that dealt with the teaching learning
process in using songs to improve their vocabulary mastery. First was the students. The researcher wanted to observe the students’ attitude and behavior during the
learning process using songs to improve their vocabulary mastery and also their ability in doing the teacher’s instruction. The researcher also wanted to know the
influences in learning vocabulary using songs for the students. Second was the teacher. The teacher was observed based on her ability to handle the class and her
33 ability in implementing songs in order to improve their English vocabulary mastery.
Third was the lesson plan focused on activity and arts. Here, the researcher investigated how to use the song in introducing the vocabulary and related it with the
lesson plan, whether the song could help the students’ language development in vocabulary or not. Forth was the class. The researcher observed whether the class
supported the teaching learning process or not. The fifth was the activities. At this point, the researcher tried to see whether the activities were appropriate for the
students’ interest or not, whether the activities were workable in gaining the objectives or not. The last aspect was whether there were other factors that influenced
the teaching learning process. This observation was to found out the descriptions of how songs are
implemented in learning English using songs for the third grade students of SMKN 2 Depok Sleman Yogyakarta in the attempt to improve the students’ vocabulary
mastery. Through observation the researcher also observed the students’ attitudes and behaviors during the learning process using song in learning English, and also their
improvement on English vocabulary. There were two kinds of observation. The first
was ”participant observation” and the second was “nonparticipant observation”
Wolcott, 1992:20. The researcher used nonparticipant observation, it means that the observer did not participate in the activities observed so that the data would be
accurate. The second instrument was interview as the most common data gathering
technique. The interview was intended to find out what were the participants’ opinions and feelings of using songs in teaching-learning process. Thus, interview
