Previous Research on Related Field

CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY

This chapter tries to present the methods of the study. This chapter also provides the explanations for the kind of the data, data gathering instruments, data collection, and data analysis and interpretations required for the study. This chapter is organized into six sections. They are: 1 method, 2 research participants, 3 research instruments, 4 data gathering techniques, 5 data analysis techniques, and 6 research procedures.

A. Method

Qualitative study is interpretive and inductive in nature. It means that this research is to investigate the subject of the study in depth; it is to gain insight into the processes of students’ language learning by understanding the background and language development of the theory about the phenomena being observed Strauss and Corbin, 1998: 426 .The results of the research are attempted to investigate and it would be used as a primary data of the study. Therefore, the aim of qualitative inquiry is not to test a hypothesis, as in this study, but rather to generate one, which can be tested in a more rigorous empirical study. The reason to conduct qualitative research is of course its advantages are more numerous than its drawbacks. Qualitative study is strong in reality and is able to provide insights and interpretations into other similar situations; this implicitly marks as the transferability and generalizability of qualitative study research Ary, Jacobs, and Razavieh, 2002: 426-457. 29 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 30 One of the important aspects of qualitative study is its concern for context. It assumes that human-behavior is context-bound: human behaves in a certain way because of the result of their surrounding, social, historical, and cultural behavior. Therefore, inquiry is always bounded by particular setting. This leads to be holistic in its nature for a researcher may gain the whole picture as the result of his or her research Janesick, 1994: 212. Another aspect is that qualitative research investigates human experience. Some qualities of this research are it employs the use of fieldwork methods such as interviews, and document analysis as the main tools of data collection. Based on the definitions above, this research uses qualitative research since it tries to see the implementation of using song to teach vocabulary in listening class and its influences. Here, the researcher wants to investigate the students’ attitude, feeling, behavior, and progress towards the use of song to improve the students’ vocabulary mastery and also the teachers’ perception, belief, feeling and attitude in applying songs to teach vocabulary in listening class. This research also deals with descriptive analysis rather than with numbers and statistics. In order that a researcher obtains such data, he or she must conduct face-to-face, personal, immediate interactions with the participants. However, since human behaviors are constantly changing due to various factors, qualitative research is often said to be on going, i.e. the research is simultaneously trace the behavior investigation.

B. Research Participants

This research was conducted at SMKN 2 Depok Sleman Yogyakarta. It PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 31 focused on the use of song in teaching English vocabulary for the third grade students of SMKN 2 Depok Sleman Yogyakarta and it took place in July 2006 until May 2007. Research participants in this study were the third grade students of SMKN 2 Depok Sleman Yogyakarta. The grade was classified into four grades, i.e. grade one until grade four. Each grade had many kinds of study programmes, i.e. Bangunan Gedung, Teknik Elektro, Teknik Mesin, Kimia, Geologi Pertambangan, Otomotif, and Bangunan Air. The researcher focused this study on the third graders of class III Otomotif and class III Analisis Kimia whose ages were seventeen to eighteen. In this respect, SMKN 2 Depok Sleman Yogyakarta still applied CBC Curriculum Based Competences as the fundamental learning thus it still used the third grade students. The researcher observed all students of the two classes but for the interview there were twenty students as the representatives. There was one vocational school that was observed in this study. In selecting the participants, the researcher selected the participants based on purposive reason. Indeed, the researcher used purposive participant selection method since the researcher observed the class who had highest level and medium level of achievement. In addition, it was appropriate to use participant selection method since it was useful and appropriate in observing the attitudes and opinion of the participants as well as knowing the characteristics of the participants. By using purposive participant selection method, the researcher was able to observe and identify the participants’ characteristics that became the representative in the group Ary, Jacobs, and Razavieh, 2002: 161-170. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI