data in order to be understood better while inferential statistics was conducted to test the hypothesis. At first, the data will be presented in the forms of descriptive
statistics and then followed by the inferential statistics.
a. Data from Listening Comprehension Tests 1 The Pre-test Result
The data obtained from the pre-test given to control class Appendix 10 shows that the minimum score is 40 and the maximum score is 80. Moreover, the
mean value is 62.2, the mode is 70, the median is 65, and the standard deviation is 9.8. The results of the data analysis presented in the table of descriptive analysis
as shown below.
Table 4.1 Descriptive Analysis of the Pre-Test Score on Listening Comprehension of the Control Class
N Minimum
Maximum Mean
Mode Median
Std. Deviation 30
40.00 80.00
62.1667 70.00
65.0000 9.79825
In addition to the table above, the pre-test data from the control class are presented on the score criteria to describe the students listening comprehension
before the research is conducted. There are five categories to classify the scores such as very good, fair, poor and very poor.
Table 4.2Frequency Distribution of the Pre-Test Scores on Listening Comprehension of the Control Class
No. Score
Frequency Category
Absolute Relative
Percentage Cumulative
Percentage
1 88-100
Very Good 2
76-87 1
3 3
Good 3
64-75 15
50 53
Fair 4
52-63 9
30 83
Poor 5
0-51 5
17 100
Very Poor Total
30 100
In reference to the pre-test score of the control class, the categorization of the students listening comprehension is presented in Table 4.2. There are 5
students 17 who are classified into very poorcategory, then 9students30 are classified into poor category, 15students50 are classified into fair
category, 1student is classified into good category and no student is cassified into very good
category. The data of the pre-test results above show that most of the students in control class, before the treatment, were in very poor to fair category.
In addition, the pretest was also given to experimental class. The data from the experimental class Appendix 10 show that the minimum score is 40 and the
maximum score is 80. Moreover, the mean value is 63.8, the mode is 65, the median is 65, and the standard deviation is 10.3. The results of the data analysis
presented in the table of descriptive analysis as shown below.
Table 4.3Descriptive Analysis of the Pre-Test Score on Listening Comprehension of the Experimental Class
N Minimum
Maximum Mean
Mode Median
Std. Deviation 30
40.00 80.00
63.8333 65.00
65.0000 10.31264
Moreover, in reference to the pre-test score of the experimental class, the categorization of the students listening comprehension is presented in the
following table below.
Table 4.4Frequency Distribution of the Pre-Test Scores on Listening Comprehension of the Experimental Class
No. Score
Frequency Category
Absolute Relative
Percentage Cumulative
Percentage
1 88 - 100
Very Good 2
76 - 87 2
7 7
Good 3
64 - 75 16
53 60
Fair 4
52 - 63 8
27 87
Poor 5
0 - 51 4
13 100
Very Poor Total
30 100
Table 4.4 shows that there are 4 repondents 13 classified into very poor category. Then, 8students 27 are classified into poor category, 16 students
53 are in fair category, 2 students 7 are in good category and no student is classified into very good category. It means that most of the students in
experimental group were in very poor to fair category. To make the result of the pre-test clearer, the descriptive statistics of the
pre-test of control and experimental class are also compared. The comparison can be seen in the table below.
Table 4.5The Comparison of Descriptive Analysis of the Pre-Test Scores between Experimental and Control Class
Class Minimum
Maximum Mean
Mode Median
Std. Deviation Cont.
40.00 80.00
62.1667 70.00
65.0000 9.79825
Exp. 40.00
80.00 63.8333
65.00 65.0000
10.31264
From the table above it can be seen that the mean of the control class is 62.17 and the mean of the experimental class is 63.83. It means that the students
listening comprehension in experimental and control class is almost the same at the beginning of the research. This statement is also supported by further
calculation by employing a t-test. A t-test is usually used to compare two means, in this case, the subject are separated, therefore an independent-samples t-test is
used see Appendix 16. Before conducting the calculation, the normality and homogeneity is also tested see Appendix 18. The result of the normality of the
pre-test data from experimental and control class is as follows.
Table 4.6Normality Test of the Pre-Test Scores on Listening Comprehension in the Experimental and Control Class
CLASS Kolmogorov-Smirnov
a
Statistic df
Sig. SCORE
cont. .155
30 .065
exp. .145
30 .108
The requirement for judging that the data is in normal distribution is if the value of p or sig. is greater than =0.05. From the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the
significance value shows that the data both in control and experimental class are in normal distribution 0.070.05 and 0.110.05. The homogeneity test is then
conducted. The results of the homogeneity test is presented in the table below.
Table 4.7Homogeneity Test of the Pre-Test Scores on Listening Comprehension in the Experimental and Control Class
Levene’s Test for Equality of Variances F
Sig. score
Equal variances assumed .068
.795 .80 Equal variances not assumed
The requirement for judging that the two classes are homogeneous is if the value of p or sig. is greater than =0.05. From the Levene’s test, the significance
value shows that the samples variances of the two classes are homogenous 0.800.05.
After knowing that the data are normal and homogenous, a t-test is conducted to test whether there is any significant difference of the pre-test scores
in both classes before the treatment was applied. SPSS 17 computer program was used to analyze the hypothesis and the data. In hypothesis testing, H
1
is accepted if the value of p0.05 or t
observed
t
table
. So, Ho is rejected and H
1
is accepted. The result of t-test is presented in the following table.
