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F. Research Design
The research design consists of two parts, namely the design for the logical truth and for the empirical truth. The logical truth focuses on the theoretical
background of the study to support the research. The empirical truth highlights one method of action research that is considered appropriate to use in the study.
1. Research Design for the logical truth
This section covers the design of the logical truth taken from the theoretical review in chapter. It is essential to see how the understanding of the
concepts is implemented in the study. The study starts with the social phenomenon that many young learners in the research context have limited time
to practice English both inside and outside the school setting. In addition, they belong to low social class family in which enrolling English courses outside the
school setting is something avoidable due to their financial incapability. The phenomenon results to their low learning achievement despite the fact that they
have learned the language since they are on their first grade of elementary schools.
Relating with the background of the study, the problem has been the problem of many English learners both inside and outside the country. One of the
causes is the inadequacy of authentic communication which is highlighted in the study. To provide the participants with authentic communication practices, a
learning strategy is selected that is cooperative learning. The choice aims to encourage the participants‘ active involvement considering the fact that they are
57 mostly exposed to teacher direct method which put them as passive learners.
After selecting the learning strategy, a research method is chosen that is action research. It is considered appropriate because the research relates with problem
solving. The next things to cover are the comprehension of non-school learning environment and learning empowerment as the other goal of the research beside
improving the participants‘ communicative competence. The following is the research design to obtain the logical truth of the study.
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Table 2.1 Research design for the Logical truth of the study
Social Phenomena Low Learning English
Achivement
Authentic Communication
1. authenticity 2. authenticity in language
learning 3. authentic taks
4. English communcation
Cooperative Learning:
1. cooperative learning
2. principles of cooperative learning
Action Research:
1. action research 2. Action research in
English education
Non School Learning Environment
1. non school learning 2. school learning vs out
of school learning
Communicative Competence and Learning
Empowerment
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2. Research Design for the Empirical Truth
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