Table 4.3 Statistical Calculation of Gained Score Both the Experimental and
Controlled Class No
X Y
X-MX Y-MY
X-MX2 Y-MY2
1 28
25 5
16 25
256 2
28 11
5 2
25 4
3 23
-21 -30
900 4
19 20
-4 11
16 121
5 17
8 -6
-1 36
1 6
26 -4
3 -13
9 169
7 26
7 3
-2 9
4 8
28 24
5 15
25 225
9 27
4 -9
16 81
10 14
32 -9
23 81
529 11
19 9
-4 16
12 27
-8 4
-17 16
289 13
11 20
-12 11
144 121
14 23
-1 -10
100 15
15 39
-8 30
64 900
16 30
2 7
-7 49
49 17
35 29
12 20
144 400
18 17
18 -6
9 36
81 19
13 7
-10 -2
100 4
20 43
-13 20
-22 400
484 21
14 9
-9 81
22 47
-13 24
-22 576
484 23
37 14
-9 196
81 24
15 9
-8 64
25 13
20 -10
11 100
121 26
33 5
10 -4
100 16
27 11
9 -12
144 28
13 11
-10 2
100 4
Total 652
254 8
2 2572
5424 Mean 23.28571 9.071429
91.85714 193.7143
According the data in the table above, the result of students’ pretest and posttest further in each class was calculated by using t-test in some steps as
follows: 1.
Determining mean of variable X, with formula as follows:
2. Determining mean of variable Y, with formula as follows:
3. Determining standard of deviation score of variable X, with formula as
follows:
√
√
√
4. Determining the standard of deviation score of variable Y, with formula as
follows:
√
√
√
5. Determining standard error of mean of variable X, with formula as follows:
√
√
√
6. Determining standard error of mean of variable Y, with formula as follows:
√
√
√
7. Determining standard error of different mean of variable X and variable Y,
with formula as follows: √
√ √
√
8. Determining t
o
, with formula as follows:
9. Determining t
table
with degree of freedom df in significant level of 5 and 1 with formula as follows:
The value of df degree of freedom is 54. Based on the table of “t” score,
there is no degree of freedom for 54, so the closer value to 54 is used, that is, 50. The value of 50 in the table of “t” score at significance level of 5 = 2.01
and 1 = 2.68 10.
The comparison between t
o
and t
t
: t
o
= 2.01 3.40 2.68
C. Hypothesis Testing
After obtaining the data by using t-test formula, it is used to prove the result of hypothesis as follows. Based on the description of data calculation, it
shows that: 1. The value of t-observation t
o
is 3.40 2. The degree of freedom df is 54, so the value of t-table t
t
in the significance level of 5 = 2.01 and 1 = 2.68.
Because the value of t
o
t
t
, it proves that the null hypothesis H
o
is rejected and the alternative hypothesis H
a
is accepted which states that there is significant difference between the students’ score in learning narrative writing by
using English comic strips and the students’ score in learning narrative writing
without using English comic strips at the eighth grade students of SMP Islam Al- Ikhlas µ
1
≠ µ
2
.
D. Data Interpretation
Based on the calculation of t-test, it is known that the result of t- observation t
o
is 3.40, and the degree of freedom df is used in the significance level of 5 = 2.01 and 1 = 2.68. By comparing the value of t-observation t
o
and t-table t
t
, it can be known that the result of calculation of t-observation t
o
is higher than t-table
t
o
t
t
, so the null hypothesis H
o
is rejected and the alternative hypothesis H
a
is accepted. Thus, there is significant difference between the students’ score in learning narrative writing by using English comic
strips and the students’ score in learning narrative writing without using English
comic strips at the eighth grade students of SMP Islam Al-Ikhlas µ
1
≠ µ
2
. It means that the use English comic strips in teaching writing of narrative text to the
eighth grade students of SMP Islam Al-Ikhlas are effective.
44
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion
According to the research analysis of the data of students score in experimental and controlled class, it shows that the value of t-observation t
o
is higher than the value of t-table t
t
, that is 2.01 3.40 2.68. So, the null hypothesis H
o
is rejected and the alternative hypothesis H
a
is accepted. It means that there is
significant difference between the students’ score in learning narrative writing by using English comic strips and the students’ score in learning
narrative writing without using English comic strips at the eighth grade students of SMP Islam Al-Ikhlas.
It can be concluded that teaching writing of narrative text using English comic strips are effective and useful to be taught to the eighth grade students of
junior high school. It can also be seen from the calculation and the table of students’ achievement in experimental class from their writing score in pretest and
posttest by using English comic strips is higher than the students’ writing score in
control class. Therefore, English comic strips can be an appropriate media that can be used in teaching writing of narrative text.
B. Suggestion
Based on the conclusion above, some suggestions about teaching writing of narrative text are given by using English comic strips as the media of learning.
The suggestions are as follows: 1.
The use of English comic strips in English teaching learning process can be applied as an alternative technique. It can make the students easy to learn and
practice to write a narrative text. 2.
Teaching narrative writing by using English comic strips can be an appeal for the students, because consisting of interesting pictures and stories. It can
motivate and stimulate their imaginative ability in writing. It helps them to construct ideas to compose the story of pictures into written form.
3. The texts in the plot and dialogue balloons in the comic can give new
vocabularies to the students. They also can easy to understand the meaning of vocabularies by looking the pictures. It is very good for the students to be able
to understand English language quickly. 4.
English comic strips can be found in kids’ magazines, newspapers, and internet. It is cheap and also not time consuming for the teacher, because
heshe just asks the students to read it for a few minutes and rewrite the story into some paragraphs. In addition, the teacher does not need to take a long
time in assessing students’ written task, because it is easy to evaluate. 5.
A teaching method can be categorized well and useful, if the students can feel fun and enjoy the learning activity. Hence, a creative writing assignment is
very needed and important for them, as the use of English comic strips in teaching writing of narrative text.
