improved. It meant that the use of picture series in teaching narrative writing was useful.
These previous studies can be used by the researcher as a reference in composing and conducting her research. She also can compare the methodology
of research and the result between her research and those previous studies.
C. Conceptual Framework
The researcher conducted the research to find out whether teaching using comic strips can be an effective way to increase and influence students’
motivation in writing narrative text or not. She uses comic strips as medium in teaching because they are interesting for children. It consists of unique pictures
with fascinating story arranged in a series. The problems that students often face in writing are the factor of laziness,
having lack in mastering grammar, vocabulary, diction, and difficult to develop and perform their ideas into written form. Therefore, the researcher assumes that
the use of comic strip can stimulus their interest and motivation in writing, especially in narrative text. It can help them to build up ideas in writing the story
by creating a topic and then developing into some paragraphs. They will also learn how to write grammatically to make a good composition.
D. Hypothesis of the Study
To know the effectiveness of teaching writing narrative text by using English comic strips, the researcher formulates two hypotheses that will be tested
by using t-test. They are: 1.
Null Hypothesis H
o
There is no significant difference between the students’ score in learning narrative writing
by using English comic strips and the students’ score in learning narrative writing without using English comic strips at the eighth
grade students of SMP Islam Al-Ikhlas.
2. Alternative Hypothesis H
a
There is significant difference between the students’ score in learning
narrative writing by using English comic strips and the students’ score in
learning narrative writing without using English comic strips at the eighth grade students of SMP Islam Al-Ikhlas.
26
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLGY
A. Time and Place of the Study
This research was carried out from 6
th
January up to 16
th
January 2014 in five meetings, consisting of giving pretest, presenting materials, and giving post-
test in the last meeting. The research was conducted at SMP Islam Al-Ikhlas which located at Jl. Cipete III No. 6-8, Cilandak, Jakarta Selatan.
B. Research Design
The research design used is a quasi-experimental research. A quasi- experiment is a study that takes place in real-life settings rather than in laboratory
settings, they are often considered not truly experimental research, but rather correlational research, which involves identifying statistical relationships between
two variables rather than causal relationships.
1
Below is the general overview of quasi-experimental design.
2
Table 3.1 Quasi-Experimental Design
Pre- and Posttest Design Time
Select Control Group
Pretest No Treatment
Posttest Select
Experimental group
Pretest Experimental
Treatment Posttest
1
Scott W. Vanderstoep and Deirdre D. Johnston, Research Methods for Everyday Life: Blending Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches, San Fransisco: John Wiley Sons, Inc.,
2009, p. 37.
2
John W. Creswell, Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research, New Jersey: Pearson Educational, Inc., 2008, p. 314.
In this research, the students in the experimental class were taught by using English comic strips and the students in the controlled class were taught
without using English comic strips. The research was done for five meetings, including giving the pretest, treatment, and posttest. Pretest was done to collect
the data by measuring students’ performance before they received a treatment. Meanwhile, postte
st was done to measure students’ performance after a treatment. There were two variables which involved in this research. They were
English comic strips as the independent variable and narrative writing as the dependent variable.
C. Subject of the Study
1. Population
The population of the research was the eighth grade students of SMP Al- Ikhlas in the academic year of 20132014 which consists of five classes, namely
8A, 8B, 8C, 8D, and 8E. The total number of population was 135 students. Each class consists of 30 8A, 29, 29, 23, 24 students. There were three regular classes,
namely 8A, 8B, and 8C, and two international classes RSBI, namely 8D and 8E. In conducting her research, the researcher was only allowed to research the
regular classes.
2. Sample
In selecting the sample, the researcher used purposive sampling technique. This technique is used to determine the sample with certain consideration.
3
There were two classes taken from three regular classes as the sample, namely class 8A
as the controlled class and class 8B as the experimental class. She took 8A and 8B as the sample, because the students of each class almost had same ability in
English proficiency. It can be seen from their score in the final examination in the first semester. The score was enclosed in the appendices.
3
Sugiyono, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan RD, Bandung: Alfabeta, 2012, p. 85.
